manuel cohen

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  • Section of Hadrian's Wall East of Cawfields Wall and South of Cawburn, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, along with the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_117.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall East of Cawfields Wall and South of Cawburn, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, along with the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_118.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall East of Cawfields Wall and South of Cawburn, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, along with the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_115.jpg
  • Stone gateposts on a section of Hadrian's Wall East of Cawfields Wall and South of Cawburn, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, along with the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_114.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall East of Cawfields Wall and South of Cawburn, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, along with the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_112.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall East of Cawfields Wall and South of Cawburn, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, along with the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_110.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall East of Cawfields Wall and South of Cawburn, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, along with the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_108.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall between Steel Rigg Car Park and Windshields wall, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_083.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall between Steel Rigg Car Park and Windshields wall, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_082.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall East of Cawfields Wall, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, along with the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_073.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall East of Cawfields Wall, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, along with the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_074.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall East of Cawfields Wall, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, along with the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_072.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall East of Cawfields Wall, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, along with the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_070.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall between Steel Rigg Car Park and Windshields wall, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_064.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall East of Cawfields Wall, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, along with the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_063.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall East of Cawfields Wall, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, along with the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_065.jpg
  • Section of the Pennine Way along Hadrian's Wall West of the Windshields wall, with Greenlee Lough National Nature Reserve on the left, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_062.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall East of Cawfields Wall, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, along with the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_060.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall West of the Windshields wall, with Greenlee Lough National Nature Reserve in the distance, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_061.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall East of Cawfields Wall, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, along with the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_057.jpg
  • Cawfields Wall with milecastle probably built by the Second Legion, a section of Hadrian's Wall in Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, along with the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_054.jpg
  • Section of the Pennine Way along Hadrian's Wall between Steel Rigg Car Park and Windshields wall, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_045.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall between Steel Rigg Car Park and Windshields wall, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_044.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall between Steel Rigg Car Park and Windshields wall, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_043.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall between Steel Rigg Car Park and Windshields wall, with Greenlee Lough National Nature Reserve in the distance, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_041.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall between Steel Rigg Car Park and Windshields wall, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_038.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall between Steel Rigg Car Park and Windshields wall, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_035.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall between Steel Rigg Car Park and Windshields wall, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_020.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall to the West of Windshields Wall, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_014.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall to the West of Windshields Wall, looking towards Crag Lough and Highshield Crags, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_013.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall to the West of Windshields Wall, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_010.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall to the West of Windshields Wall, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_008.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall to the West of Windshields Wall, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_006.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall to the West of Windshields Wall, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_001.jpg
  • Granary or horreum, used to store the huge quantities of food required by hundreds of soldiers, with strong buttressed stone walls with air vents, an overhanging roof to keep rain away and raised floors to allow air circulation, at Housesteads Roman Fort, on Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England. The granary is on the highest, driest part of the fort, and had 2 storeys with a roof supported on a row of 6 pillars. 2 entrances faced an open area for easy unloading and turning of carts. This building was later modified into 2, visible today, each with its own roof. Housesteads Fort was built in 124 AD and is the most complete Roman fort in Britain, built by legionaries to house 10 centuries of auxiliary soldiers based on the frontier. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_120.jpg
  • Communal Latrine for up to 800 men, with a deep sewer, originally covered with a wooden floor and benches with holes to form multiple toilet seats, at Housesteads Roman Fort, on Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England. The sewer was flushed by rainwater via drains, and out via a culvert under the fort wall. In dry weather, rainwater was collected from roofs of nearby buildings and stored in stone tanks seen here. The central platform has a channel along which water flowed for washing. For toilet paper, the soldiers may have used moss, bracken or rags. Housesteads Fort was built in 124 AD and is the most complete Roman fort in Britain, built by legionaries to house 10 centuries of auxiliary soldiers based on the frontier. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_119.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall East of Cawfields Wall and South of Cawburn, with stone gateposts, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, along with the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_116.jpg
  • Altars in the Temple of Mithras, built c. 200 AD by soldiers based at the nearby Carrawburgh Roman Fort, on Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England. The temple is dedicated to the god Mithras, who captured and killed a bull in a cave, the 1st creature created on earth, and all other creatures sprang to life from his blood. Mithraic temples are small and confined to represent the cave. The 3 altars are all dedicated by commanding officers of the unit stationed here, the First Cohort of Batavians from the Rhineland. In 1 of the altars a series of pierced holes form Mithras' crown, through which a lamp would have been shone at a high point of the ritual. A curtain would have been drawn back, allowing sunlight to stream in, illuminating the backdrop of Mithras slaying the bull, the triumph of light over darkness. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_129.jpg
  • Temple of Mithras, built c. 200 AD by soldiers based at the nearby Carrawburgh Roman Fort, on Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England. The temple is dedicated to the god Mithras, who captured and killed a bull in a cave, the 1st creature created on earth, and all other creatures sprang to life from his blood. Mithraic temples are small and confined to represent the cave. The 3 altars are all dedicated by commanding officers of the unit stationed here, the First Cohort of Batavians from the Rhineland. In 1 of the altars a series of pierced holes form Mithras' crown, through which a lamp would have been shone at a high point of the ritual. A curtain would have been drawn back, allowing sunlight to stream in, illuminating the backdrop of Mithras slaying the bull, the triumph of light over darkness. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_128.jpg
  • Housesteads Roman Fort (right), built in 124 AD, and Hadrian's Wall looking East, Northumberland, England. Housesteads is the most complete Roman fort in Britain, built by legionaries to house 10 centuries of auxiliary soldiers based on the frontier. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_126.jpg
  • Granary or horreum, used to store the huge quantities of food required by hundreds of soldiers, with strong buttressed stone walls with air vents, an overhanging roof to keep rain away and raised floors to allow air circulation, at Housesteads Roman Fort, on Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England. The granary is on the highest, driest part of the fort, and had 2 storeys with a roof supported on a row of 6 pillars. 2 entrances faced an open area for easy unloading and turning of carts. This building was later modified into 2, visible today, each with its own roof. Housesteads Fort was built in 124 AD and is the most complete Roman fort in Britain, built by legionaries to house 10 centuries of auxiliary soldiers based on the frontier. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_125.jpg
  • Granary or horreum, used to store the huge quantities of food required by hundreds of soldiers, with strong buttressed stone walls with air vents, an overhanging roof to keep rain away and raised floors to allow air circulation, at Housesteads Roman Fort, on Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England. The granary is on the highest, driest part of the fort, and had 2 storeys with a roof supported on a row of 6 pillars. 2 entrances faced an open area for easy unloading and turning of carts. This building was later modified into 2, visible today, each with its own roof. Housesteads Fort was built in 124 AD and is the most complete Roman fort in Britain, built by legionaries to house 10 centuries of auxiliary soldiers based on the frontier. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_124.jpg
  • Chalet barracks, built 4th century AD, at Housesteads Roman Fort, on Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England. Around 300 AD, the communal barracks at the fort were demolished and replaced with chalet style houses for each soldier. A reconstruction of these has been made by Philip Corke in the Housesteads Roman Fort Museum. Housesteads Fort was built in 124 AD and is the most complete Roman fort in Britain, built by legionaries to house 10 centuries of auxiliary soldiers based on the frontier. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_123.jpg
  • Granary or horreum, used to store the huge quantities of food required by hundreds of soldiers, with strong buttressed stone walls with air vents, an overhanging roof to keep rain away and raised floors to allow air circulation, at Housesteads Roman Fort, on Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England. The granary is on the highest, driest part of the fort, and had 2 storeys with a roof supported on a row of 6 pillars, the bases of which are seen here. 2 entrances faced an open area for easy unloading and turning of carts. This building was later modified into 2, visible today, each with its own roof. Housesteads Fort was built in 124 AD and is the most complete Roman fort in Britain, built by legionaries to house 10 centuries of auxiliary soldiers based on the frontier. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_122.jpg
  • Granary or horreum, used to store the huge quantities of food required by hundreds of soldiers, with strong buttressed stone walls with air vents, an overhanging roof to keep rain away and raised floors to allow air circulation, at Housesteads Roman Fort, on Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England. The granary is on the highest, driest part of the fort, and had 2 storeys with a roof supported on a row of 6 pillars. 2 entrances faced an open area for easy unloading and turning of carts. This building was later modified into 2, visible today, each with its own roof. Housesteads Fort was built in 124 AD and is the most complete Roman fort in Britain, built by legionaries to house 10 centuries of auxiliary soldiers based on the frontier. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_121.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall East of Cawfields Wall and South of Cawburn, with stone gateposts and sheep holes, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, along with the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_113.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall East of Cawfields Wall and South of Cawburn, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, along with the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_111.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall East of Cawfields Wall and South of Cawburn, with holes for sheep to pass through, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, along with the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_109.jpg
  • Sycamore Gap on Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England, a scene immortalised in the 1991 film, Robin Hood Prince of Thieves. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_106.jpg
  • Sycamore Gap on Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England, a scene immortalised in the 1991 film, Robin Hood Prince of Thieves. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_105.jpg
  • Sycamore Gap on Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England, a scene immortalised in the 1991 film, Robin Hood Prince of Thieves. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_104.jpg
  • Sycamore Gap on Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England, a scene immortalised in the 1991 film, Robin Hood Prince of Thieves. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_103.jpg
  • Sycamore Gap on Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England, a scene immortalised in the 1991 film, Robin Hood Prince of Thieves. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_102.jpg
  • Hadrian's Wall at Walltown Crags, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_100.jpg
  • Hadrian's Wall at Walltown Crags, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_099.jpg
  • Hadrian's Wall at Walltown Crags, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_098.jpg
  • Hadrian's Wall at Walltown Crags, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_097.jpg
  • Hadrian's Wall at Walltown Crags, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_095.jpg
  • Hadrian's Wall at Walltown Crags, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_096.jpg
  • Hadrian's Wall at Walltown Crags, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_094.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian’s Wall rebuilt in stone from Birdoswald Roman Fort to Harrow’s Scar, Cumbria, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_093.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian’s Wall rebuilt in stone from Birdoswald Roman Fort to Harrow’s Scar, Cumbria, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_092.jpg
  • Ruins at Birdoswald Roman Fort, on Hadrian's Wall, Cumbria, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This fort is managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside the Wall. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_091.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian’s Wall rebuilt in stone from Birdoswald Roman Fort to Harrow’s Scar, Cumbria, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_090.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian’s Wall rebuilt in stone from Birdoswald Roman Fort to Harrow’s Scar, Cumbria, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_089.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian’s Wall rebuilt in stone from Birdoswald Roman Fort to Harrow’s Scar, Cumbria, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_088.jpg
  • Granaries or Horrea, built 205-8 AD by Hadrian’s own first cohort of Dacians under commanding officer Aurelius Julianus, at Birdoswald Roman Fort, on Hadrian's Wall, Cumbria, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This fort is managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside the Wall. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_087.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall on the Windshields wall, with Highshields Crags and Crag Lough, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_081.jpg
  • Sycamore Gap on Hadrian's Wall (looking East), Northumberland, England, a scene immortalised in the 1991 film, Robin Hood Prince of Thieves. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_078.jpg
  • Milecastle 39, Castle Nick, near Steel Rigg on Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_079.jpg
  • Sycamore Gap on Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England, a scene immortalised in the 1991 film, Robin Hood Prince of Thieves. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_077.jpg
  • Sycamore Gap on Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England, a scene immortalised in the 1991 film, Robin Hood Prince of Thieves. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_076.jpg
  • Sycamore Gap on Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England, a scene immortalised in the 1991 film, Robin Hood Prince of Thieves. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_075.jpg
  • Sycamore Gap, a scene immortalised in the 1991 film, Robin Hood Prince of Thieves, on Hadrian's Wall (looking West to Steel Rigg), Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_071.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall East of Cawfields Wall, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, along with the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_069.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall East of Cawfields Wall, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, along with the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_067.jpg
  • Hadrian's Wall West of Sycamore Gap, looking towards Steel Rigg and Green Stack, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_068.jpg
  • Hadrian's Wall West of Hotbank Crags, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_066.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall at Stanegate, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_059.jpg
  • Section of Hadrian's Wall at Stanegate, and Greenlee Lough National Nature Reserve on the left, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_058.jpg
  • Granary or horreum, used to store the huge quantities of food required by hundreds of soldiers, with strong buttressed stone walls with air vents, an overhanging roof to keep rain away and raised floors to allow air circulation, at Housesteads Roman Fort, on Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England. The granary is on the highest, driest part of the fort, and had 2 storeys with a roof supported on a row of 6 pillars. 2 entrances faced an open area for easy unloading and turning of carts. This building was later modified into 2, visible today, each with its own roof. Housesteads Fort was built in 124 AD and is the most complete Roman fort in Britain, built by legionaries to house 10 centuries of auxiliary soldiers based on the frontier. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_056.JPG
  • The North gate of milecastle 37 at Housesteads Roman Fort, where some of the arch stones have been replaced, Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_053.jpg
  • Ruins of the vicus, a civilian settlement outside of the fort, where soldiers and civilians mixed in trade, leisure and worship, at Housesteads Roman Fort, on Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England. Housesteads Fort was built in 124 AD and is the most complete Roman fort in Britain, built by legionaries to house 10 centuries of auxiliary soldiers based on the frontier. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_055.jpg
  • Hadrian's Wall West of Sycamore Gap, looking towards Steel Rigg and Green Stack, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_027.jpg
  • Sycamore Gap on Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England, a scene immortalised in the 1991 film, Robin Hood Prince of Thieves. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_021.jpg
  • Model of Housesteads Roman fort on Hadrian's Wall, at the Housesteads Roman Fort Museum, Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England. The fort is rectangular, with the main administrative buildings in the centre, and barracks, stables and workshops at either side. Housesteads Fort was built in 124 AD and is the most complete Roman fort in Britain, built by legionaries to house 10 centuries of auxiliary soldiers based on the frontier. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The Housesteads Roman Fort Museum is run by English Heritage and forms part of the Hadrian's Wall UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_146.jpg
  • Model of Housesteads Roman fort on Hadrian's Wall, at the Housesteads Roman Fort Museum, Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England. The fort is rectangular, with the main administrative buildings in the centre, and barracks, stables and workshops at either side. Housesteads Fort was built in 124 AD and is the most complete Roman fort in Britain, built by legionaries to house 10 centuries of auxiliary soldiers based on the frontier. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The Housesteads Roman Fort Museum is run by English Heritage and forms part of the Hadrian's Wall UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_144.jpg
  • Roman stone inscribed with ‘C IVLI CANDID F', meaning 'the century of Julius Candidus made this', found on Hadrian's Wall West of Housesteads, at the Housesteads Roman Fort Museum, Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England. There are 3 other stones from the Wall recording this centurion. Housesteads Fort was built in 124 AD and is the most complete Roman fort in Britain, built by legionaries to house 10 centuries of auxiliary soldiers based on the frontier. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The Housesteads Roman Fort Museum is run by English Heritage and forms part of the Hadrian's Wall UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_137.jpg
  • Temple of Mithras, built c. 200 AD by soldiers based at the nearby Carrawburgh Roman Fort, on Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England. The temple is dedicated to the god Mithras, who captured and killed a bull in a cave, the 1st creature created on earth, and all other creatures sprang to life from his blood. Mithraic temples are small and confined to represent the cave. The 3 altars are all dedicated by commanding officers of the unit stationed here, the First Cohort of Batavians from the Rhineland. In 1 of the altars a series of pierced holes form Mithras' crown, through which a lamp would have been shone at a high point of the ritual. A curtain would have been drawn back, allowing sunlight to stream in, illuminating the backdrop of Mithras slaying the bull, the triumph of light over darkness. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_127.jpg
  • Sycamore Gap on Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England, a scene immortalised in the 1991 film, Robin Hood Prince of Thieves. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_107.jpg
  • Hadrian's Wall at Walltown Crags, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by English Heritage, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_101.jpg
  • Milecastle 39, Castle Nick, near Steel Rigg on Hadrian's Wall, with Crag Lough in the distance, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_080.jpg
  • The South gate of milecastle 37 at Housesteads Roman Fort, Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_052.jpg
  • Hadrian's Wall West of Sycamore Gap, looking towards Steel Rigg and Green Stack, Northumberland, England. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The wall was fortified with milecastles with 2 turrets in between, and a fort about every 5 Roman miles. This section of the Wall is in the Northumberland National Park, managed by the National Trust, and the Hadrian's Wall Path, an 84-mile coast to coast long distance footpath, runs alongside it, together with a section of the Pennine Way. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_031.jpg
  • Roman leather carbatina shoe (made from a single piece of leather) with lattice pattern, thrown away into the ditches surrounding the fort at Vindolanda, in the Vindolanda Museum, Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England. Over 4000 pieces of footwear have been excavated here. The fort ditches were used as a rubbish dump, where the soft black ditch silt covered by water created a perfect environment for preservation. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The Vindolanda Museum is run by the Vindolanda Charitable Trust and forms part of the Hadrian's Wall UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_155.jpg
  • Illustration of a Bath House on Hadrian’s Wall, in the Roman Army Museum, Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England. Bath houses were places of leisure and entertainment, where soldiers and their families could bathe, meet, take part in games and sports and purchase food and drink. Above the boiler room, the bathing area consists of a changing room or apodyterium, cold room or frigidarium, warm room or tepidarium, hot dry room or laconicum and hot steam room or caldarium. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The Roman Army Museum at Carvoran fort is run by the Vindolanda Charitable Trust and forms part of the Hadrian's Wall UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_153.jpg
  • Illustration of the chalet barracks at Housesteads Roman fort on Hadrian's Wall in the 4th century AD, by Philip Corke, at the Housesteads Roman Fort Museum, Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England. Housesteads Fort was built in 124 AD and is the most complete Roman fort in Britain, built by legionaries to house 10 centuries of auxiliary soldiers based on the frontier. Around 300 AD, the communal barracks at the fort were demolished and replaced with chalet style houses for each soldier. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The Housesteads Roman Fort Museum is run by English Heritage and forms part of the Hadrian's Wall UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_147.jpg
  • Illustration of a Roman auxiliary soldier from the Hadrian era, 125 AD, by Nick Hardcastle, at the Housesteads Roman Fort Museum, Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England. An auxiliary would wear a chainmail coat and iron helmet, with a long sword and spear and oval wooden shield, enclosed boots like those found at Vindolanda, and close-fitting trousers. 10 centuries of auxiliary soldiers were based at Housesteads Fort. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The Housesteads Roman Fort Museum is run by English Heritage and forms part of the Hadrian's Wall UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_145.jpg
  • Roman sculpture of the Matres or mother-goddesses seated on a bench, wearing tunics and holding cups and possibly fruit, at the Housesteads Roman Fort Museum, Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England. Popular on Hadrian’s Wall, the Matres Cult is a military cult originating in Germany. It is thought there was a Matres temple near Knag Burn and 9 Matres sculptures have been found at Housesteads. Housesteads Fort was built in 124 AD and is the most complete Roman fort in Britain, built by legionaries to house 10 centuries of auxiliary soldiers based on the frontier. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The Housesteads Roman Fort Museum is run by English Heritage and forms part of the Hadrian's Wall UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_141.jpg
  • Roman stone shrine or aedicula with sculpture of the winged goddess Victory with half folded wings and billowing tunic suggesting she is hovering, about to land her right foot on a globe, at the Housesteads Roman Fort Museum, Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, England. Her arms probably held a victor’s wreath and a palm branch. Victory symbolised success in battle and protection against death, and Emperor Hadrian’s work in Britan marked and end to fighting in the North and his Wall, a symbol of victory, defined and protected the province of Britannia. 4 statues of Victory have been recovered from Housesteads. Housesteads Fort was built in 124 AD and is the most complete Roman fort in Britain, built by legionaries to house 10 centuries of auxiliary soldiers based on the frontier. Hadrian's Wall was built 73 miles across Britannia, now England, 122-128 AD, under the reign of Emperor Hadrian, ruled 117-138, to mark the Northern extent of the Roman Empire and guard against barbarian attacks from the Picts to the North. The Housesteads Roman Fort Museum is run by English Heritage and forms part of the Hadrian's Wall UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ENGLAND_MC_135.jpg
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