manuel cohen

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  • Sculpted pillar supporting rib vaults in the nave of the Collegiate Church of Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais, built 12th to 16th centuries in Gothic and Renaissance styles, in Gisors, Eure, Haute-Normandie, France. The church was consecrated in 1119 by Calixtus II but the nave was rebuilt from 1160 after a fire. The church is 70m long and the nave is 24m high with a rib-vaulted ceiling. The church was listed as a historic monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC078.jpg
  • Sculpted pillar supporting rib vaults in the nave of the Collegiate Church of Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais, built 12th to 16th centuries in Gothic and Renaissance styles, in Gisors, Eure, Haute-Normandie, France. The church was consecrated in 1119 by Calixtus II but the nave was rebuilt from 1160 after a fire. The church is 70m long and the nave is 24m high with a rib-vaulted ceiling. The church was listed as a historic monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC115.jpg
  • View of the nave and ceiling looking towards the main altar carved by Charles Daudelin, from the upper balcony in the Basilique Notre-Dame de Montreal, built in 1823 in Gothic Revival style by James O'Donnell, in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The rib vaulted ceiling is painted blue with gold stars. It is listed as a National Historic Site of Canada. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC18_QUEBEC_MC_179.jpg
  • View of the main altar carved by Charles Daudelin, with sculptures by Francois Henri Bouriche including the Crucifixion and Coronation of the Virgin, seen from the upper balcony in the Basilique Notre-Dame de Montreal, built in 1823 in Gothic Revival style by James O'Donnell, in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The rib vaulted ceiling is painted blue with gold stars. It is listed as a National Historic Site of Canada. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC18_QUEBEC_MC_266.jpg
  • View of the nave and ceiling from the upper balcony in the Basilique Notre-Dame de Montreal, built in 1823 in Gothic Revival style by James O'Donnell, in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The rib vaulted ceiling is painted blue with gold stars. It is listed as a National Historic Site of Canada. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC18_QUEBEC_MC_178.jpg
  • Vaulted ceiling with quadripartite rib vaults and a central spiral column, in the Tower of Philip the Good, built 1460, the tallest tower in the Palace of the Dukes of Burgundy in Dijon, Burgundy, France, now the Musee des Beaux-Arts de Dijon. Named for Philippe le Bon, or Philippe III duc de Bourgogne, or Philip the Good, Philip III Duke of Burgundy, 1396-1467, the tower contains a spiral staircase, with decorative elements increasing with height. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0200.jpg
  • Vaulted ceiling of the Holy Chalice Chapel, with its star pattern rib vaulting, built under Bishop Vidal de Blanes 1365-69, said to house the chalice used at the Last Supper, in the Metropolitan Cathedral-Basilica of the Assumption of Our Lady of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. The cathedral is a Roman Catholic parish church consecrated in 1238 and reworked several times over the centuries. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCSPAIN14_MC023.jpg
  • View of the nave and ceiling looking towards the main altar carved by Charles Daudelin, from the upper balcony in the Basilique Notre-Dame de Montreal, built in 1823 in Gothic Revival style by James O'Donnell, in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The rib vaulted ceiling is painted blue with gold stars. It is listed as a National Historic Site of Canada. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC18_QUEBEC_MC_264.jpg
  • View of the nave looking towards the main altar carved by Charles Daudelin, in the Basilique Notre-Dame de Montreal, built in 1823 in Gothic Revival style by James O'Donnell, in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The rib vaulted ceiling is painted blue with gold stars. It is listed as a National Historic Site of Canada. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC18_QUEBEC_MC_181.jpg
  • Boss on rib vaults in Monks' room, Fontenay Abbey, Marmagne, Cote d'Or, France. This Cistercian abbey was founded by Saint Bernard of Clairvaux in 1119, built in the Romanesque style. The abbey itself housed 300 monks from 1200, but was sacked during the French Revolution. This detail shows the carved stone boss at the junction of two ribs in the vaulted ceiling of the Scriptorium or Monks' room. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC231.jpg
  • Rib vault of the apse, Basilique Saint Quiriace (Saint Quiriace Collegiate Church), 12th century, Provins, Seine et Marne, France. Construction works during the 12th century were never completed and a dome was added in the 17th century. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC_PARIS_11_MC268.JPG
  • Sculptural detail of the base of a section of rib vaults in the arcade of the Cloister, built in Manueline style by Diogo Boitac, Joao de Castilho and Diogo de Torralva, completed 1541, in the Jeronimos Monastery or Hieronymites Monastery, a monastery of the Order of St Jerome, built in the 16th century in Late Gothic Manueline style, Belem, Lisbon, Portugal. The cloister wings have wide arcades with rectangular column and tracery within the arches. The monastery is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_LISBON_MC115.jpg
  • Sculpture of Christ on the cross in painted stone at the crown of the rib vaulted ceiling of the ambulatory in the Collegiate Church of Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais, built 12th to 16th centuries in Gothic and Renaissance styles, in Gisors, Eure, Haute-Normandie, France. The church was consecrated in 1119 by Calixtus II but the nave was rebuilt from 1160 after a fire. The church was listed as a historic monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC093.jpg
  • Coffered ceiling of right staircase, Chateau d'Azay-le-Rideau, 16th century Renaissance chateau, Loire Valley, Inde-et-Loire, France. This staircase is unusual for the period as it is in Italian ramp rather than spiral form. The ceiling is coffered with rib vaulting and pendant keystones. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC113.jpg
  • OISE, FRANCE - OCTOBER 26: Detail of rib vault of the ceiling of the Cathedral Notre-Dame de Senlis on October 26, 2008 in Oise, France. The cathedral was built between 1153 and 1191. (Photo by Manuel Cohen)
    DFRANCE080508.jpg
  • Low angle view of rib vault ceiling of the nave of the upper chapel of La Sainte-Chapelle (The Holy Chapel), 1248, Paris, France. The ribs are underlined with red strips with golden L. and the vaults are covered by golden stars. La Sainte-Chapelle was commissioned by King Louis IX of France to house his collection of Passion Relics, including the Crown of Thorns. The Sainte-Chapelle is considered among the highest achievements of the Rayonnant period of Gothic architecture. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC_PARIS_11_MC067.jpg
  • Ceiling of the nave of the Iglesia de San Nicolas de Bari y San Pedro Martir, or Church of San Nicolas, with rib vaulted baroque interior designed 1690-93 and decorated by Juan Perez Castiel, and frescoes by Antonio Palomino and completed by Dionis Vidal, in Valencia, Spain. The frescoes depict the lives of St Nicholas and St Peter of Verona, with virtues and allegories. The church was originally built c. 1242 but remodelled 1419-55 by the Borgia family in Valencian Gothic style. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_SPAIN_MC_0045.jpg
  • Arcade of the Cloister, with rib vaulted ceiling with decorative bosses, built in Manueline style by Diogo Boitac, Joao de Castilho and Diogo de Torralva, completed 1541, in the Jeronimos Monastery or Hieronymites Monastery, a monastery of the Order of St Jerome, built in the 16th century in Late Gothic Manueline style, Belem, Lisbon, Portugal. The cloister wings have wide arcades with rectangular column and tracery within the arches. The monastery is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_LISBON_MC121.jpg
  • Ceiling of the nave of the Iglesia de San Nicolas de Bari y San Pedro Martir, or Church of San Nicolas, with rib vaulted baroque interior designed 1690-93 and decorated by Juan Perez Castiel, and frescoes by Antonio Palomino and completed by Dionis Vidal, in Valencia, Spain. The frescoes depict the lives of St Nicholas and St Peter of Verona, with virtues and allegories. The church was originally built c. 1242 but remodelled 1419-55 by the Borgia family in Valencian Gothic style. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_SPAIN_MC_0042.jpg
  • Ceiling of the nave of the Iglesia de San Nicolas de Bari y San Pedro Martir, or Church of San Nicolas, with rib vaulted baroque interior designed 1690-93 and decorated by Juan Perez Castiel, and frescoes by Antonio Palomino and completed by Dionis Vidal, in Valencia, Spain. The frescoes depict the lives of St Nicholas and St Peter of Verona, with virtues and allegories. The church was originally built c. 1242 but remodelled 1419-55 by the Borgia family in Valencian Gothic style. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_SPAIN_MC_0048.jpg
  • Nave of the Iglesia de San Nicolas de Bari y San Pedro Martir, or Church of San Nicolas, with rib vaulted baroque interior designed 1690-93 and decorated by Juan Perez Castiel, and frescoes by Antonio Palomino and completed by Dionis Vidal, in Valencia, Spain. The church was originally built c. 1242 but remodelled 1419-55 by the Borgia family in Valencian Gothic style. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_SPAIN_MC_0050.jpg
  • Nave of the Iglesia de San Nicolas de Bari y San Pedro Martir, or Church of San Nicolas, with rib vaulted baroque interior designed 1690-93 and decorated by Juan Perez Castiel, and frescoes by Antonio Palomino and completed by Dionis Vidal, in Valencia, Spain. The church was originally built c. 1242 but remodelled 1419-55 by the Borgia family in Valencian Gothic style. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_SPAIN_MC_0051.jpg
  • Creation of Eve from the rib of a sleeping Adam, Romanesque capital, late 12th century, in the south gallery of the Cloitre d'Elne, built 12th - 14th centuries, at the Cathedrale Sainte-Eulalie-et-Sainte-Julie d'Elne, an 11th century catalan Romanesque cathedral in Elne, Pyrenees-Orientales, Catalogne du Nord, France. The cloister was originally the residence of the cathedral's canons, and features Romanesque and Gothic sculptures and capitals, depicting biblical figures, animals and plants. The cathedral and its cloister are listed as historic monuments. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_FRANCE_MC_0606.jpg
  • Chapter House from Notre-Dame-de-Pontaut abbey, France, 12th century, in The Cloisters, a museum specialising in European medieval architecture, sculpture and decorative arts, part of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, at Fort Tryon Park, Manhattan, New York, USA. The chapter house features Romanesque characteristics such as rounded arches, thick walls, small windows and heavy rib vaults. The Cloisters collection includes Byzantine, Romanesque, Gothic and Renaissance works from 12th to 15th centuries. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_NYC_USA_MC043.jpg
  • Ambulatory with rib vaulted ceiling in the Cathedrale Notre-Dame-de-l'Annonciation de Moulins, originally built as a Flamboyant Gothic collegiate church in the 15th century, and became a cathedral with a Neo-Gothic nave added by Jean-Baptiste Lassus, Eugene Millet and Paul Selmersheim in the 19th century, at Moulins, Allier, Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes, France. The cathedral is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_FRANCE_MC_0493.jpg
  • North side aisle, with columns and rib vaulted ceiling, in Le Havre Cathedral, or Cathedrale Notre-Dame du Havre, built in the 16th and 17th centuries and made cathedral in 1974, on the Rue de Paris in Le Havre, Normandy, France. This is one of the few buildings in the town to survive the bombings during the Second World War, although it did sustain heavy damage. The centre of Le Havre is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0623.jpg
  • Brick rib vaults supporting the paraboloid walls of the Crypta Guell, built 1898-1915, an unfinished church by Catalan Modernist architect Antoni Gaudi, 1852-1926, in the Colonia Guell, a workers' colony set up by Eusebi Guell in Santa Coloma de Cervello, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The church is an organic hyperbolic paraboloid shape, with leaning pillars and catenary arches supporting the structure. The colony was begun in 1890 on Guell's estate Can Soler de la Torre, with a hospital, boardinghouse, schools, shops, theatres, chapel, factories and workers' housing. Gaudi was in charge of the project, collaborating with Francesc Berenguer, Joan Rubio and Josep Canaleta. Gaudi's crypt is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_SPAIN_MC434.jpg
  • Cellar with stone pillars supporting a rib vaulted ceiling, 13th century, in the Chateau de Germolles, Burgundy, France, built 1385-1400 as the residence of the Dukes of Burgundy. This large wine cellar was used for storing wine and food and was part of the original fortress, with both Gothic and Burgundian Romanesque elements. The chateau was built under Philippe le Hardi or Philip the Bold, first Duke of Burgundy of the new royal Valois dynasty, and then given to his wife, Margaret of Flanders, Duchess of Burgundy. The architect Drouet de Dammartin, the sculptors Jean de Marville and Claus Sluter and the painter Jean de Beaumetz all worked on the building. It was subsequently used by Jean sans Peur or John the Fearless, Philippe le Bon or Philip the Good and Charles le Temeraire or Charles the Bold. The chateau is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0265.jpg
  • Chapter House, Fontevraud Abbey, Fontevraud-l'Abbaye, Loire Valley, Maine-et-Loire, France. The Chapter House was built in the 16th century with 2 pillars supporting a rib vaulted ceiling. The walls were painted in 1563 with frescoes of scenes from Christ's Passion by the Anjou artist Thomas Pot. The abbey was founded in 1100 by Robert of Arbrissel, who created the Order of Fontevraud. It was a double monastery for monks and nuns, run by an abbess. The abbey is listed as a historic monument and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC_1216.jpg
  • Arcade of the Cloister, with intricately carved columns and a rib vaulted ceiling with decorative bosses, built in Manueline style by Diogo Boitac, Joao de Castilho and Diogo de Torralva, completed 1541, in the Jeronimos Monastery or Hieronymites Monastery, a monastery of the Order of St Jerome, built in the 16th century in Late Gothic Manueline style, Belem, Lisbon, Portugal. The cloister wings have wide arcades with rectangular column and tracery within the arches. The monastery is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_LISBON_MC104.jpg
  • Cloister, with rib vaulted arcade and traditional blue and white azulejos tile scenes of the fables of La Fontaine, 18th century, in the Monastery of Sao Vicente de Fora, an Augustinian order monastery and church built in the 17th century in Mannerist style, Lisbon, Portugal. The monastery also contains the royal pantheon of the Braganza monarchs of Portugal. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_LISBON_MC077.jpg
  • Cloister, with rib vaulted arcade and traditional blue and white azulejos tile scenes of the fables of La Fontaine, 18th century, in the Monastery of Sao Vicente de Fora, an Augustinian order monastery and church built in the 17th century in Mannerist style, Lisbon, Portugal. The monastery also contains the royal pantheon of the Braganza monarchs of Portugal. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_LISBON_MC076.jpg
  • Nave with its 11 rib vaulted bays, looking towards the choir, in the Basilique Saint Remi or Abbey of St Remi, Reims, France. The 11th century, mainly Romanesque, church, contains the relics of St Remi, the Bishop of Reims, who converted Clovis, the King of the Franks, to Christianity in 496 AD. The abbey is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0817.jpg
  • South side aisle, with low rib vaulted ceiling and windows, in the Basilique Saint Remi or Abbey of St Remi, Reims, France. The 11th century, mainly Romanesque, church, contains the relics of St Remi, the Bishop of Reims, who converted Clovis, the King of the Franks, to Christianity in 496 AD. The abbey is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0818.jpg
  • South side aisle, with low rib vaulted ceiling and windows, in the Basilique Saint Remi or Abbey of St Remi, Reims, France. The 11th century, mainly Romanesque, church, contains the relics of St Remi, the Bishop of Reims, who converted Clovis, the King of the Franks, to Christianity in 496 AD. The abbey is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0845.jpg
  • Ceiling bosses at the apex of the rib vaults in Sainte-Chapelle or Holy Chapel, founded 1379 and inaugurated only in 1552 under Henry II, after a long interruption of the building work starting at the beginning of 15th century, Chateau de Vincennes, Ile de France, France. The Sainte-Chapelle has a single nave, a choir formed by a straight bay and a 5-sided apse flanked by two oratories for the King and Queen. It was built to house part of the relics of the Passion and was listed as a Historical Monument in 1853. The Chateau was originally built in 1150 as a hunting lodge for Louis VII, with a donjon added in the 14th century, walls in the 15th and further extended in the 17th century. It was an important royal palace until the 18th century. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Paris_MC321.JPG
  • Rib vaulted ceiling of the 7-bayed nave and 2-bayed narthex, with stone bosses and stained glass windows, Chartres Cathedral, Eure-et-Loir, France. Chartres cathedral was built 1194-1250 and is a fine example of Gothic architecture. It was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC701.jpg
  • Chapter House, Fontevraud Abbey, Fontevraud-l'Abbaye, Loire Valley, Maine-et-Loire, France. The Chapter House was built in the 16th century with 2 pillars supporting a rib vaulted ceiling. The walls were painted in 1563 with frescoes of scenes from Christ's Passion by the Anjou artist Thomas Pot. The abbey was founded in 1100 by Robert of Arbrissel, who created the Order of Fontevraud. It was a double monastery for monks and nuns, run by an abbess. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC143.jpg
  • Low angle view of rib vault ceiling of the nave of the upper chapel of La Sainte-Chapelle (The Holy Chapel), 1248, Paris, France. La Sainte-Chapelle was commissioned by King Louis IX to house his collection of Passion Relics, including the Crown of Thorns. The Sainte-Chapelle is considered among the highest achievements of the Rayonnant period of Gothic architecture. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC_PARIS_11_MC045.jpg
  • Tour de Boissy, first floor, built late 13th - early 14th century with rib vaulted ceiling, giving access to the logis royaux from the 15th century, at the Chateau de Chinon or Forteresse royale de Chinon, on the Vienne river, Indre-et-Loire, France. The chateau was founded in the 11th century by Theobald I, count of Blois. King Henry II of England lived and died here in the 12th century and the chateau has been out of use since the late 16th century. It is listed as a historic monument and part of the Loire Valley UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_FRANCE_MC_1332.jpg
  • Side aisle, with low rib vaulted ceiling, in the Basilique Saint Remi or Abbey of St Remi, Romanesque, 11th century, in Reims, Marne, Grand Est, France. The church contains the relics of St Remi, who converted Clovis to christianity in 496 AD. The abbey is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_FRANCE_MC_2596.jpg
  • Creation of Eve, with God as a pope blessing Eve as she rises from Adam's rib, detail from the Vitrail de Genese, or Genesis Window, stained glass window, c. 1500, in the Eglise de la Madeleine, built 13th, 16th and 17th century in Gothic style, in Troyes, Champagne, Aube, Grand Est, France. The church is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_FRANCE_MC_0015.jpg
  • Ceiling of the nave of the Iglesia de San Nicolas de Bari y San Pedro Martir, or Church of San Nicolas, with rib vaulted baroque interior designed 1690-93 and decorated by Juan Perez Castiel, and frescoes by Antonio Palomino and completed by Dionis Vidal, in Valencia, Spain. The frescoes depict the lives of St Nicholas and St Peter of Verona, with virtues and allegories. The church was originally built c. 1242 but remodelled 1419-55 by the Borgia family in Valencian Gothic style. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_SPAIN_MC_0040.jpg
  • Ceiling of the nave of the Iglesia de San Nicolas de Bari y San Pedro Martir, or Church of San Nicolas, with rib vaulted baroque interior designed 1690-93 and decorated by Juan Perez Castiel, and frescoes by Antonio Palomino and completed by Dionis Vidal, in Valencia, Spain. The frescoes depict the lives of St Nicholas and St Peter of Verona, with virtues and allegories. The church was originally built c. 1242 but remodelled 1419-55 by the Borgia family in Valencian Gothic style. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_SPAIN_MC_0043.jpg
  • Ceiling of the nave of the Iglesia de San Nicolas de Bari y San Pedro Martir, or Church of San Nicolas, with rib vaulted baroque interior designed 1690-93 and decorated by Juan Perez Castiel, and frescoes by Antonio Palomino and completed by Dionis Vidal, in Valencia, Spain. The frescoes depict the lives of St Nicholas and St Peter of Verona, with virtues and allegories. The church was originally built c. 1242 but remodelled 1419-55 by the Borgia family in Valencian Gothic style. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_SPAIN_MC_0044.jpg
  • Ceiling of the nave of the Iglesia de San Nicolas de Bari y San Pedro Martir, or Church of San Nicolas, with rib vaulted baroque interior designed 1690-93 and decorated by Juan Perez Castiel, and frescoes by Antonio Palomino and completed by Dionis Vidal, in Valencia, Spain. The frescoes depict the lives of St Nicholas and St Peter of Verona, with virtues and allegories. The church was originally built c. 1242 but remodelled 1419-55 by the Borgia family in Valencian Gothic style. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_SPAIN_MC_0046.jpg
  • Ceiling of the nave of the Iglesia de San Nicolas de Bari y San Pedro Martir, or Church of San Nicolas, with rib vaulted baroque interior designed 1690-93 and decorated by Juan Perez Castiel, and frescoes by Antonio Palomino and completed by Dionis Vidal, in Valencia, Spain. The frescoes depict the lives of St Nicholas and St Peter of Verona, with virtues and allegories. The church was originally built c. 1242 but remodelled 1419-55 by the Borgia family in Valencian Gothic style. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_SPAIN_MC_0047.jpg
  • Nave of the Iglesia de San Nicolas de Bari y San Pedro Martir, or Church of San Nicolas, with rib vaulted baroque interior designed 1690-93 and decorated by Juan Perez Castiel, and frescoes by Antonio Palomino and completed by Dionis Vidal, in Valencia, Spain. The church was originally built c. 1242 but remodelled 1419-55 by the Borgia family in Valencian Gothic style. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_SPAIN_MC_0049.jpg
  • Creation of Eve from the rib of a sleeping Adam, Romanesque capital, late 12th century, in the south gallery of the Cloitre d'Elne, built 12th - 14th centuries, at the Cathedrale Sainte-Eulalie-et-Sainte-Julie d'Elne, an 11th century catalan Romanesque cathedral in Elne, Pyrenees-Orientales, Catalogne du Nord, France. The cloister was originally the residence of the cathedral's canons, and features Romanesque and Gothic sculptures and capitals, depicting biblical figures, animals and plants. The cathedral and its cloister are listed as historic monuments. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_FRANCE_MC_0620.jpg
  • Stone carved capital with stylised leaf and flower design, in the Chapter House from Notre-Dame-de-Pontaut abbey, France, 12th century, in The Cloisters, a museum specialising in European medieval architecture, sculpture and decorative arts, part of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, at Fort Tryon Park, Manhattan, New York, USA. The chapter house features Romanesque characteristics such as rounded arches, thick walls, small windows and heavy rib vaults. The Cloisters collection includes Byzantine, Romanesque, Gothic and Renaissance works from 12th to 15th centuries. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_NYC_USA_MC044.jpg
  • Chapter House from Notre-Dame-de-Pontaut abbey, France, 12th century, in The Cloisters, a museum specialising in European medieval architecture, sculpture and decorative arts, part of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, at Fort Tryon Park, Manhattan, New York, USA. The chapter house features Romanesque characteristics such as rounded arches, thick walls, small windows and heavy rib vaults. The Cloisters collection includes Byzantine, Romanesque, Gothic and Renaissance works from 12th to 15th centuries. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_NYC_USA_MC041.jpg
  • Chapter House from Notre-Dame-de-Pontaut abbey, France, 12th century, in The Cloisters, a museum specialising in European medieval architecture, sculpture and decorative arts, part of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, at Fort Tryon Park, Manhattan, New York, USA. The chapter house features Romanesque characteristics such as rounded arches, thick walls, small windows and heavy rib vaults. The Cloisters collection includes Byzantine, Romanesque, Gothic and Renaissance works from 12th to 15th centuries. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_NYC_USA_MC040.jpg
  • Stone carved capital with stylised leaf design, in the Chapter House from Notre-Dame-de-Pontaut abbey, France, 12th century, in The Cloisters, a museum specialising in European medieval architecture, sculpture and decorative arts, part of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, at Fort Tryon Park, Manhattan, New York, USA. The chapter house features Romanesque characteristics such as rounded arches, thick walls, small windows and heavy rib vaults. The Cloisters collection includes Byzantine, Romanesque, Gothic and Renaissance works from 12th to 15th centuries. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_NYC_USA_MC042.jpg
  • Nave, seen from the tribune, or first floor balcony, in the Cathedrale Notre-Dame de Paris, or Notre-Dame cathedral, built 1163-1345 in French Gothic style, on the Ile de la Cite in the 4th arrondissement of Paris, France. The nave up to the tribune level was built 1182-90 and the upper gallery was built 1225-40. The ceiling is supported by rib vaults and the walls by double supporting arches and buttresses. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_PARIS_MC_0233.jpg
  • The creation of Eve, with God pulling her from the rib of Adam, from the stained glass window of the Parable of the Good Samaritan, 1215-25, in bay 13, in the ambulatory of Bourges Cathedral or the Cathedrale Saint-Etienne de Bourges, built 1195-1230 in French Gothic style and consecrated in 1324, in Bourges, Centre-Val de Loire, France. 22 of the original 25 medieval stained glass windows of the ambulatory have survived. The cathedral is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0010.jpg
  • Chapter House, Fontevraud Abbey, Fontevraud-l'Abbaye, Loire Valley, Maine-et-Loire, France. The Chapter House was built in the 16th century with 2 pillars supporting a rib vaulted ceiling. The walls were painted in 1563 with frescoes of scenes from Christ's Passion by the Anjou artist Thomas Pot. The abbey was founded in 1100 by Robert of Arbrissel, who created the Order of Fontevraud. It was a double monastery for monks and nuns, run by an abbess. The abbey is listed as a historic monument and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC_1215.jpg
  • Statue of Christ on the cross, and the rib vaults of the ceiling of the nave above, in the Jeronimos Monastery or Hieronymites Monastery, a monastery of the Order of St Jerome, built in the 16th century in Late Gothic Manueline style, Belem, Lisbon, Portugal. The monastic complex includes the church with portal by Joao de Castilho, cloisters, and Chapel of St Jerome. The monastery is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_LISBON_MC135.jpg
  • Cloister, with rib vaulted arcade and traditional blue and white azulejos tile scenes of the fables of La Fontaine, 18th century, in the Monastery of Sao Vicente de Fora, an Augustinian order monastery and church built in the 17th century in Mannerist style, Lisbon, Portugal. The monastery also contains the royal pantheon of the Braganza monarchs of Portugal. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_LISBON_MC071.jpg
  • Nave with its 11 rib vaulted bays, looking towards the choir, in the Basilique Saint Remi or Abbey of St Remi, Reims, France. The 11th century, mainly Romanesque, church, contains the relics of St Remi, the Bishop of Reims, who converted Clovis, the King of the Franks, to Christianity in 496 AD. The abbey is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0816.jpg
  • Detail of the nave, with columns topped by carved Corinthian capitals and the rib vaults of the ceiling, in the Cathedrale Notre-Dame de Reims or Reims Cathedral, Reims, Champagne-Ardenne, France. The cathedral was built 1211-75 in French Gothic style with work continuing into the 14th century, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1991. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0541.jpg
  • The 16m wide nave and the choir with its double ambulatory and 7 radiating chapels, spanning 4 bays seating 72 canons, with rib vaulted ceiling and stained glass windows, Chartres Cathedral, Eure-et-Loir, France. Chartres cathedral was built 1194-1250 and is a fine example of Gothic architecture. Most of its windows date from 1205-40 although a few earlier 12th century examples are also intact. It was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC616.jpg
  • Refectory, Fontevraud Abbey, Fontevraud-l'Abbaye, Loire Valley, Maine-et-Loire, France. The huge 46m long refectory has a rib vaulted ceiling and Romanesque walls and is situated on the opposite side of the cloisters from the church. The abbey was founded in 1100 by Robert of Arbrissel, who created the Order of Fontevraud. It was a double monastery for monks and nuns, run by an abbess. The order was dissolved during the French Revolution and the building subsequently used as a prison. The abbey is listed as a historic monument and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC192.jpg
  • Chapter House, Fontevraud Abbey, Fontevraud-l'Abbaye, Loire Valley, Maine-et-Loire, France. The Chapter House was built in the 16th century with 2 pillars supporting a rib vaulted ceiling. The walls were painted in 1563 with frescoes of scenes from Christ's Passion by the Anjou artist Thomas Pot. The abbey was founded in 1100 by Robert of Arbrissel, who created the Order of Fontevraud. It was a double monastery for monks and nuns, run by an abbess. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC169.jpg
  • Chapter House, Fontevraud Abbey, Fontevraud-l'Abbaye, Loire Valley, Maine-et-Loire, France. The Chapter House was built in the 16th century with 2 pillars supporting a rib vaulted ceiling. The walls were painted in 1563 with frescoes of scenes from Christ's Passion by the Anjou artist Thomas Pot. The abbey was founded in 1100 by Robert of Arbrissel, who created the Order of Fontevraud. It was a double monastery for monks and nuns, run by an abbess. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC170.jpg
  • Ceiling of the nave of the Iglesia de San Nicolas de Bari y San Pedro Martir, or Church of San Nicolas, with rib vaulted baroque interior designed 1690-93 and decorated by Juan Perez Castiel, and frescoes by Antonio Palomino and completed by Dionis Vidal, in Valencia, Spain. The frescoes depict the lives of St Nicholas and St Peter of Verona, with virtues and allegories. The church was originally built c. 1242 but remodelled 1419-55 by the Borgia family in Valencian Gothic style. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_SPAIN_MC_0041.jpg
  • Chapter House from Notre-Dame-de-Pontaut abbey, France, 12th century, in The Cloisters, a museum specialising in European medieval architecture, sculpture and decorative arts, part of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, at Fort Tryon Park, Manhattan, New York, USA. The chapter house features Romanesque characteristics such as rounded arches, thick walls, small windows and heavy rib vaults. The Cloisters collection includes Byzantine, Romanesque, Gothic and Renaissance works from 12th to 15th centuries. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_NYC_USA_MC039.jpg
  • Ceiling of the Cloister arcade, with rib vaults and decorative bosses, built in Manueline style by Diogo Boitac, Joao de Castilho and Diogo de Torralva, completed 1541, in the Jeronimos Monastery or Hieronymites Monastery, a monastery of the Order of St Jerome, built in the 16th century in Late Gothic Manueline style, Belem, Lisbon, Portugal. The cloister wings have wide arcades with rectangular column and tracery within the arches. The monastery is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_LISBON_MC113.jpg
  • Choir, built 1163-77, and nave behind, seen from the tribune, or first floor balcony, in the Cathedrale Notre-Dame de Paris, or Notre-Dame cathedral, built 1163-1345 in French Gothic style, on the Ile de la Cite in the 4th arrondissement of Paris, France. The nave up to the tribune level was built 1182-90 and the upper gallery was built 1225-40. The ceiling is supported by rib vaults and the walls by double supporting arches and buttresses. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_PARIS_MC_0354.jpg
  • Nave and choir, built 1163-77, seen from the tribune, or first floor balcony, in the Cathedrale Notre-Dame de Paris, or Notre-Dame cathedral, built 1163-1345 in French Gothic style, on the Ile de la Cite in the 4th arrondissement of Paris, France. The nave up to the tribune level was built 1182-90 and the upper gallery was built 1225-40. The ceiling is supported by rib vaults and the walls by double supporting arches and buttresses. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_PARIS_MC_0319.JPG
  • Chapter House, 13th century, in Late Romanesque and Early Gothic styles, with rib vaults in the shape of a palm tree, and tomb slabs of abbots on the floor, in the Royal Abbey of Santa Maria de Poblet, a Cistercian monastery founded in 1151, built by Arnau Bargues in Catalan Gothic style, in Conca de Barbera, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain. Poblet formed part of the Cistercian Triangle in Catalonia, along with Vallbona de les Monges and Santes Creus, and was the royal burial place of the Aragon dynasty. The monastery is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_SPAIN_MC102.jpg
  • Apse of Santa Maria Cathedral or Cathedral of St Mary of Girona, in the town of Girona, at the confluence of the rivers Ter, Onyar, Galligants and Guell, Catalonia, Spain. The apse is polygonal and flanked by 2 short galleries, and is separated from the nave by a wall holding 3 rose windows. It has 10 trapezoidal rib vaults, seen here, which form 10 radiating chapels. The altar with crucifix is covered by a carved silver canopy, seen here. The cathedral was begun in the 11th century in Romanesque style, and later continued in the 14th century in Catalan Gothic style, redesigned by Pere Sacoma in 1312 and built by the school of Mallorcan architect Jaume Fabre. Of the original Romanesque building only the 12th century cloister and a bell tower remain. The cathedral was completed in the 18th century. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCSPAIN13_MC043.jpg
  • Ribbed ceiling of the 6.5m high commandant's bedroom, on the second floor of the donjon or keep of the Chateau de Dourdan, built 1220-22 by Guillaume de Flamenville under Philippe Auguste, replacing an earlier wooden structure, Dourdan, Hurepoix, Essonne, France. The ribs are supported on consoles and the central boss is sculpted with a leaf design. The castle is built on a square plan, with towers along the sides, at 3 of the corners and an isolated donjon at the 4th, and is surrounded by a dry moat. From 1672-1852 it became a prison, and now houses a history museum. The castle became an Historical Monument in 1964. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC021.jpg
  • Original rib-vaulted ceiling of the lower room of the Tour Jeanne d'Arc, Rouen, Normandy, France. The Joan of Arc Tower was the donjon or keep and only remaining part of the Chateau de Rouen, built 1204 by Philippe Auguste or King Philip II of France. Joan of Arc was tried and tortured in this tower. It is a 3-storey building with one room per floor and a pointed roof which was rebuilt in the 19th century. The Tour Jeanne-d'Arc is listed as a monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0048.jpg
  • Ribbed ceiling of the 6m wide, 9m high communal hall, on the first floor of the donjon or keep of the Chateau de Dourdan, built 1220-22 by Guillaume de Flamenville under Philippe Auguste, replacing an earlier wooden structure, Dourdan, Hurepoix, Essonne, France. The ribs are supported on consoles sculpted with leaf designs, and the room has a chimney (seen here), oven and well. The castle is built on a square plan, with towers along the sides, at 3 of the corners and an isolated donjon at the 4th, and is surrounded by a dry moat. From 1672-1852 it became a prison, and now houses a history museum. The castle became an Historical Monument in 1964. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC018.jpg
  • Chapter house of Vezelay Abbey church, Vezelay, Yonne, Burgundy, France. Vezelay Abbey was a Benedictine and Cluniac monastery founded in the 9th century by St Badilo, who was said to have brought back relics of Mary Magdalene from the Holy Land. The Abbey Church or Basilica of St Mary Magdalene is a 12th century Burgundian Romanesque church.  The building was extensively remodeled by Viollet-le-Duc 1840-61 to prevent collapse. The chapter house has a rib-vaulted ceiling and carved Gothic capitals. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC289.jpg
  • Ribbed ceiling of the 6m wide, 9m high communal hall, on the first floor of the donjon or keep of the Chateau de Dourdan, built 1220-22 by Guillaume de Flamenville under Philippe Auguste, replacing an earlier wooden structure, Dourdan, Hurepoix, Essonne, France. The ribs are supported on consoles sculpted with leaf designs, and the room has a chimney (seen here), oven and well. The castle is built on a square plan, with towers along the sides, at 3 of the corners and an isolated donjon at the 4th, and is surrounded by a dry moat. From 1672-1852 it became a prison, and now houses a history museum. The castle became an Historical Monument in 1964. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC034.jpg
  • Lamp by Pere Domenech i Roura, 1930s, and the decorative ceiling and cupola above the main staircase, with decorated ribs and bosses, stained glass by Rigalt, Granell & Cia and mosaics by Mario Maragliano, in the Administration Pavilion, built 1905-10, at the Hospital de Sant Pau, or Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, built 1902-30, designed by Catalan Modernist architect Lluis Domenech i Montaner, 1850-1923, in El Guinardo, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The original medieval hospital of 1401 was replaced with this complex in the 20th century thanks to capital provided in the will of Pau Gil. The hospital consists of 27 pavilions surrounded by gardens and linked by tunnels, using the Modernist Art Nouveau style with great attention to detail. On the death of the architect, his son Pere Domenech i Roura took over the project. The complex was listed in 1997 as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_SPAIN_MC249.jpg
  • Forge, Fontenay Abbey, Marmagne, Cote d'Or, France. This Cistercian abbey was founded by Saint Bernard of Clairvaux in 1119, built in the Romanesque style. The abbey itself housed 300 monks from 1200, but was sacked during the French Revolution. The 53m water-powered forge is the oldest metallurgical factory in Europe, dating from 1220. It was recently reconstructed. The monks extracted iron ore from a nearby hill and forged iron tools to sell. The Cistercians were masters of metallurgy and invented the hydraulic hammer on this site. This is the main room of the forge, with decorated capitals atop massive columns supporting the rib-vaulted ceiling. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC269.jpg
  • OISE, FRANCE - OCTOBER 26:  A general view of the ceiling of the ribbed vault of the Cathedral Notre-Dame de Senlis on October 26, 2008 in Oise, France. The cathedral was built between 1153 and 1191. (Photo by Manuel Cohen)
    DFRANCE080482.jpg
  • Rib-vaulted ceiling with decorative bosses in the Sacristy or Chapterhouse, built in the mid 15th century under Bishop Lopez Barrientos, in Cuenca Cathedral or the Cathedral of Our Lady of Grace and Saint Julian, built 1182-1270 in Gothic style, Cuenca, Spain. The historic walled town of Cuenca is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_SPAIN_MC625.jpg
  • Sculpture of a medical monk, by Pau Gargallo, 1881-1934, below the decorative ceiling and cupola above the main staircase, with decorated ribs and bosses, stained glass by Rigalt, Granell & Cia and mosaics by Mario Maragliano, in the Administration Pavilion, built 1905-10, at the Hospital de Sant Pau, or Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, built 1902-30, designed by Catalan Modernist architect Lluis Domenech i Montaner, 1850-1923, in El Guinardo, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The original medieval hospital of 1401 was replaced with this complex in the 20th century thanks to capital provided in the will of Pau Gil. The hospital consists of 27 pavilions surrounded by gardens and linked by tunnels, using the Modernist Art Nouveau style with great attention to detail. On the death of the architect, his son Pere Domenech i Roura took over the project. The complex was listed in 1997 as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_SPAIN_MC222.jpg
  • Decorative ceiling and cupola above the main staircase, with decorated ribs and bosses, stained glass by Rigalt, Granell & Cia and mosaics by Mario Maragliano, in the Administration Pavilion, built 1905-10, at the Hospital de Sant Pau, or Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, built 1902-30, designed by Catalan Modernist architect Lluis Domenech i Montaner, 1850-1923, in El Guinardo, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The original medieval hospital of 1401 was replaced with this complex in the 20th century thanks to capital provided in the will of Pau Gil. The hospital consists of 27 pavilions surrounded by gardens and linked by tunnels, using the Modernist Art Nouveau style with great attention to detail. On the death of the architect, his son Pere Domenech i Roura took over the project. The complex was listed in 1997 as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_SPAIN_MC223.jpg
  • Galleried chapel with ribbed ceiling covered in ceramic mosaics and arch with carved Holy Cross and initial G for Pau Gil, in the Domenech i Montaner Room, in the Administration Pavilion, built 1905-10, at the Hospital de Sant Pau, or Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, built 1902-30, designed by Catalan Modernist architect Lluis Domenech i Montaner, 1850-1923, in El Guinardo, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The original medieval hospital of 1401 was replaced with this complex in the 20th century thanks to capital provided in the will of Pau Gil. The hospital consists of 27 pavilions surrounded by gardens and linked by tunnels, using the Modernist Art Nouveau style with great attention to detail. On the death of the architect, his son Pere Domenech i Roura took over the project. The complex was listed in 1997 as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_SPAIN_MC202.jpg
  • Galleried chapel with relief of the coat of arms of the Santa Creu and Sant Pau hospitals, by Pau Gargallo, 1881-1934, and ribbed ceiling covered in ceramic mosaics, in the Domenech i Montaner Room, in the Administration Pavilion, built 1905-10, at the Hospital de Sant Pau, or Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, built 1902-30, designed by Catalan Modernist architect Lluis Domenech i Montaner, 1850-1923, in El Guinardo, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The original medieval hospital of 1401 was replaced with this complex in the 20th century thanks to capital provided in the will of Pau Gil. The hospital consists of 27 pavilions surrounded by gardens and linked by tunnels, using the Modernist Art Nouveau style with great attention to detail. On the death of the architect, his son Pere Domenech i Roura took over the project. The complex was listed in 1997 as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_SPAIN_MC190.jpg
  • Lamp by Pere Domenech i Roura, 1930s, and the decorative ceiling and cupola above the main staircase, with decorated ribs and bosses, stained glass by Rigalt, Granell & Cia and mosaics by Mario Maragliano, in the Administration Pavilion, built 1905-10, at the Hospital de Sant Pau, or Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, built 1902-30, designed by Catalan Modernist architect Lluis Domenech i Montaner, 1850-1923, in El Guinardo, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The original medieval hospital of 1401 was replaced with this complex in the 20th century thanks to capital provided in the will of Pau Gil. The hospital consists of 27 pavilions surrounded by gardens and linked by tunnels, using the Modernist Art Nouveau style with great attention to detail. On the death of the architect, his son Pere Domenech i Roura took over the project. The complex was listed in 1997 as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_SPAIN_MC250.jpg
  • Lamp by Pere Domenech i Roura, 1930s, and the decorative ceiling and cupola above the main staircase, with decorated ribs and bosses, stained glass by Rigalt, Granell & Cia and mosaics by Mario Maragliano, in the Administration Pavilion, built 1905-10, at the Hospital de Sant Pau, or Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, built 1902-30, designed by Catalan Modernist architect Lluis Domenech i Montaner, 1850-1923, in El Guinardo, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The original medieval hospital of 1401 was replaced with this complex in the 20th century thanks to capital provided in the will of Pau Gil. The hospital consists of 27 pavilions surrounded by gardens and linked by tunnels, using the Modernist Art Nouveau style with great attention to detail. On the death of the architect, his son Pere Domenech i Roura took over the project. The complex was listed in 1997 as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_SPAIN_MC251.jpg
  • Decorative ceiling and cupola above the main staircase, with decorated ribs and bosses, stained glass by Rigalt, Granell & Cia and mosaics by Mario Maragliano, in the Administration Pavilion, built 1905-10, at the Hospital de Sant Pau, or Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, built 1902-30, designed by Catalan Modernist architect Lluis Domenech i Montaner, 1850-1923, in El Guinardo, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The original medieval hospital of 1401 was replaced with this complex in the 20th century thanks to capital provided in the will of Pau Gil. The hospital consists of 27 pavilions surrounded by gardens and linked by tunnels, using the Modernist Art Nouveau style with great attention to detail. On the death of the architect, his son Pere Domenech i Roura took over the project. The complex was listed in 1997 as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_SPAIN_MC227.jpg
  • Decorative ceiling with ribs, bosses and tilework, and the coat of arms of the Holy Cross (Santa Creu) in the centre and those of St Paul (Sant Pau) in the distance, in the Pau Gil Room, the old hospital archives, in the Administration Pavilion, built 1905-10, at the Hospital de Sant Pau, or Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, built 1902-30, designed by Catalan Modernist architect Lluis Domenech i Montaner, 1850-1923, in El Guinardo, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The original medieval hospital of 1401 was replaced with this complex in the 20th century thanks to capital provided in the will of Pau Gil. The hospital consists of 27 pavilions surrounded by gardens and linked by tunnels, using the Modernist Art Nouveau style with great attention to detail. On the death of the architect, his son Pere Domenech i Roura took over the project. The complex was listed in 1997 as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_SPAIN_MC234.jpg
  • Decorative ceiling with ribs, bosses and tilework, and the coat of arms of St Paul (Sant Pau) in the centre, in the Pau Gil Room, the old hospital archives, in the Administration Pavilion, built 1905-10, at the Hospital de Sant Pau, or Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, built 1902-30, designed by Catalan Modernist architect Lluis Domenech i Montaner, 1850-1923, in El Guinardo, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The original medieval hospital of 1401 was replaced with this complex in the 20th century thanks to capital provided in the will of Pau Gil. The hospital consists of 27 pavilions surrounded by gardens and linked by tunnels, using the Modernist Art Nouveau style with great attention to detail. On the death of the architect, his son Pere Domenech i Roura took over the project. The complex was listed in 1997 as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_SPAIN_MC283.jpg
  • Nave of the Collegiate Church of Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais, built 12th to 16th centuries in Gothic and Renaissance styles, in Gisors, Eure, Haute-Normandie, France. The church was consecrated in 1119 by Calixtus II but the nave was rebuilt from 1160 after a fire. The church is 70m long and the nave is 24m high with a rib-vaulted ceiling. Here we look East towards the altar, chevet and rose window. The church was listed as a historic monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC080.jpg
  • Fireplace in the commandant's bedroom, on the second floor of the donjon or keep of the Chateau de Dourdan, built 1220-22 by Guillaume de Flamenville under Philippe Auguste, replacing an earlier wooden structure, Dourdan, Hurepoix, Essonne, France. Here we see 2 of the carved consoles supporting the ceiling ribs, and 2 coats of arms on the wall. The castle is built on a square plan, with towers along the sides, at 3 of the corners and an isolated donjon at the 4th, and is surrounded by a dry moat. From 1672-1852 it became a prison, and now houses a history museum. The castle became an Historical Monument in 1964. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC020.jpg
  • Forge, Fontenay Abbey, Marmagne, Cote d'Or, France. This Cistercian abbey was founded by Saint Bernard of Clairvaux in 1119, built in the Romanesque style. The abbey itself housed 300 monks from 1200, but was sacked during the French Revolution. The 53m water-powered forge is the oldest metallurgical factory in Europe, dating from 1220. It was recently reconstructed. The monks extracted iron ore from a nearby hill and forged iron tools to sell. The Cistercians were masters of metallurgy and invented the hydraulic hammer on this site. This is the main room of the forge, with decorated capitals atop massive columns supporting the rib-vaulted ceiling. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC262.jpg
  • Sculpted animal, Fontenay Abbey, Marmagne, Cote d'Or, France. This Cistercian abbey was founded by Saint Bernard of Clairvaux in 1119, built in the Romanesque style. The abbey itself housed 300 monks from 1200, but was sacked during the French Revolution. This stone carving of an animal, probably a sheep, is from the crossing point of two ribs, and dates from the 12th century. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC263.jpg
  • Vaulted ceiling of the Hall of Pillars, in the Keep, Queribus Castle or Chateau de Queribus, Cathar Castle, Cucugnan, Corbieres, Aude, France. The Gothic style Hall is named for its single circular pillar supporting 4 assymetrical ribbed ceiling vaults. This castle, built from 13th to 16th centuries, is considered the last Cathar stronghold. It sits on a high peak at 728m. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "Cinq Fils de Carcassonne". It is a listed monument historique and has been fully restored, restoration work being completed in 2002. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC035.jpg
  • Detail of ribs underlined with red strips and golden L on the vaults decorated with fleur de lys in the choir of the lower chapel of La Sainte-Chapelle (The Holy Chapel), 1248, Paris, France. La Sainte-Chapelle was commissioned by King Louis IX of France to house his collection of Passion Relics, including the Crown of Thorns. It is considered among the highest achievements of the Rayonnant period of Gothic architecture. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC_PARIS_11_MC082.jpg
  • View from below of the ceiling of the nave in the upper chapel of La Sainte-Chapelle (The Holy Chapel), 1248, Paris, France. The ribs are underlined with red strips with golden L. and the vaults are covered by golden stars. La Sainte-Chapelle was commissioned by King Louis IX of France to house his collection of Passion Relics, including the Crown of Thorns. The Sainte-Chapelle is considered among the highest achievements of the Rayonnant period of Gothic architecture. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC_PARIS_11_MC076.jpg
  • Detail of ribs underlined with red strips and golden L on the vaults decorated with fleur de lys in the choir of the lower chapel of La Sainte-Chapelle (The Holy Chapel), 1248, Paris, France. La Sainte-Chapelle was commissioned by King Louis IX of France to house his collection of Passion Relics, including the Crown of Thorns. It is considered among the highest achievements of the Rayonnant period of Gothic architecture. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC_PARIS_11_MC037.jpg
  • Detail of the ceiling in the choir of the lower chapel of La Sainte-Chapelle (The Holy Chapel), 1248, Paris, France. The ribs are underlined with red strips and golden L on the vaults decorated with fleur de lys. La Sainte-Chapelle was commissioned by King Louis IX of France to house his collection of Passion Relics, including the Crown of Thorns, and is considered among the highest achievements of the Rayonnant period of Gothic architecture. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC_PARIS_11_MC027.jpg
  • OISE, FRANCE - OCTOBER 26: View from below of the ceiling of the ribbed vault of the Cathedral Notre-Dame de Senlis on October 26, 2008 in Oise, France. The cathedral was built between 1153 and 1191. (Photo by Manuel Cohen)
    DFRANCE080490.jpg
  • OISE, FRANCE - OCTOBER 26: Low angle view of the ceiling of the ribbed vault of the Cathedral Notre-Dame de Senlis on October 26, 2008 in Oise, France. The cathedral was built between 1153 and 1191. (Photo by Manuel Cohen)
    DFRANCE080488.jpg
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