manuel cohen

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  • The Roman Theatre, dating from the 2nd century AD, built on the same site as an earlier Hellenistic one, and on the right, the Greek Harpy monument (right), 470-460 BC, a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top with relief carvings of sirens taking the souls of the dead to heaven, and the unusual Lycian pillar tomb (left), thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. In the foreground is another Lycian tomb. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC703.jpg
  • Inside the Roman Theatre, dating from the 2nd century AD, built on the same site as an earlier Hellenistic one, with one of its arched tunnel entrances, and behind, the Greek Harpy monument (right), 470-460 BC, a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top with relief carvings of sirens taking the souls of the dead to heaven, and the unusual Lycian pillar tomb (left), thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC699.jpg
  • Inside the Roman Theatre, dating from the 2nd century AD, built on the same site as an earlier Hellenistic one, with one of its arched tunnel entrances, and behind, the Greek Harpy monument (right), 470-460 BC, a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top with relief carvings of sirens taking the souls of the dead to heaven, and the unusual Lycian pillar tomb (left), thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC654.jpg
  • Inside the Roman Theatre, dating from the 2nd century AD, built on the same site as an earlier Hellenistic one, with one of its arched tunnel entrances, and behind, the Greek Harpy monument (right), 470-460 BC, a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top with relief carvings of sirens taking the souls of the dead to heaven, and the unusual Lycian pillar tomb (left), thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC649.jpg
  • The Roman Theatre, dating from the 2nd century AD with a capacity of 2200, built on the same site as an earlier Hellenistic one, with remains of the stage building, and behind, the Greek Harpy monument (right), 470-460 BC, a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top with relief carvings of sirens taking the souls of the dead to heaven, and the unusual Lycian pillar tomb (left), thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC647.jpg
  • The Roman Theatre, dating from the 2nd century AD, built on the same site as an earlier Hellenistic one, and on the right, the Greek Harpy monument (right), 470-460 BC, a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top with relief carvings of sirens taking the souls of the dead to heaven, and the unusual Lycian pillar tomb (left), thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC700.jpg
  • The Roman agora or town square, built in the 2nd or 3rd century AD to replace the old agora, and the Theatre, dating from the 2nd century AD, built on the same site as an earlier Hellenistic one. On the left, a Lycian tomb, and on the right, the Greek Harpy monument (right), 470-460 BC, a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top with relief carvings of sirens taking the souls of the dead to heaven, and the unusual Lycian pillar tomb (left), thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC702.jpg
  • Inside the Roman Theatre, dating from the 2nd century AD, built on the same site as an earlier Hellenistic one, with one of its arched tunnel entrances, and behind, the Greek Harpy monument (right), 470-460 BC, a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top with relief carvings of sirens taking the souls of the dead to heaven, and the unusual Lycian pillar tomb (left), thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC697.jpg
  • Inside the Roman Theatre, dating from the 2nd century AD, built on the same site as an earlier Hellenistic one, with one of its arched tunnel entrances, and behind, the Greek Harpy monument (right), 470-460 BC, a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top with relief carvings of sirens taking the souls of the dead to heaven, and the unusual Lycian pillar tomb (left), thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC696.jpg
  • Entrance to the Roman Theatre, dating from the 2nd century AD, built on the same site as an earlier Hellenistic one, and behind, the Greek Harpy monument (right), 470-460 BC, a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top with relief carvings of sirens taking the souls of the dead to heaven, and the unusual Lycian pillar tomb (left), thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC698.jpg
  • The Greek Harpy monument (left), 470-460 BC, a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top with relief carvings of sirens taking the souls of the dead to heaven, and the unusual Lycian pillar tomb (right), thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. The reliefs on the Harpy monument, thought to be a gift to the sarcophagus owner and his wife from other family members, were taken by Charles Fellows to the British Museum in 1842 and replaced with plaster copies. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC682.jpg
  • The Roman agora or town square, built in the 2nd or 3rd century AD to replace the old agora, and the Theatre, dating from the 2nd century AD, built on the same site as an earlier Hellenistic one. On the right, the Greek Harpy monument (right), 470-460 BC, a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top with relief carvings of sirens taking the souls of the dead to heaven, and the unusual Lycian pillar tomb (left), thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC677.jpg
  • The Roman Theatre, dating from the 2nd century AD with a capacity of 2200, built on the same site as an earlier Hellenistic one, with remains of the stage building, and behind, the Greek Harpy monument (right), 470-460 BC, a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top with relief carvings of sirens taking the souls of the dead to heaven, and the unusual Lycian pillar tomb (left), thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC674.jpg
  • The Roman Theatre, dating from the 2nd century AD with a capacity of 2200, built on the same site as an earlier Hellenistic one, and on the right, the Greek Harpy monument (right), 470-460 BC, a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top with relief carvings of sirens taking the souls of the dead to heaven, and the unusual Lycian pillar tomb (left), thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC671.jpg
  • Entrance to the Roman Theatre, dating from the 2nd century AD, built on the same site as an earlier Hellenistic one, and behind, the Greek Harpy monument (right), 470-460 BC, a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top with relief carvings of sirens taking the souls of the dead to heaven, and the unusual Lycian pillar tomb (left), thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC668.jpg
  • Entrance to the Roman Theatre, dating from the 2nd century AD, built on the same site as an earlier Hellenistic one, and behind, the Greek Harpy monument (right), 470-460 BC, a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top with relief carvings of sirens taking the souls of the dead to heaven, and the unusual Lycian pillar tomb (left), thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC660.jpg
  • The Greek Harpy monument (right), 470-460 BC, a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top with relief carvings of sirens taking the souls of the dead to heaven, and the unusual Lycian pillar tomb (left), thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. The reliefs on the Harpy monument, thought to be a gift to the sarcophagus owner and his wife from other family members, were taken by Charles Fellows to the British Museum in 1842 and replaced with copies. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC655.jpg
  • The Roman Theatre, dating from the 2nd century AD with a capacity of 2200, built on the same site as an earlier Hellenistic one, with remains of the stage building, and behind, the Greek Harpy monument (right), 470-460 BC, a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top with relief carvings of sirens taking the souls of the dead to heaven, and the unusual Lycian pillar tomb (left), thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC648.jpg
  • Inside the Roman Theatre, dating from the 2nd century AD, built on the same site as an earlier Hellenistic one, with one of its arched tunnel entrances, and behind, the Greek Harpy monument (right), 470-460 BC, a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top with relief carvings of sirens taking the souls of the dead to heaven, and the unusual Lycian pillar tomb (left), thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC651.jpg
  • Inside the Roman Theatre, dating from the 2nd century AD, built on the same site as an earlier Hellenistic one, with one of its arched tunnel entrances, and behind, the Greek Harpy monument (right), 470-460 BC, a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top with relief carvings of sirens taking the souls of the dead to heaven, and the unusual Lycian pillar tomb (left), thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC650.jpg
  • The Roman Theatre, dating from the 2nd century AD, built on the same site as an earlier Hellenistic one, and behind, the Greek Harpy monument (right), 470-460 BC, a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top with relief carvings of sirens taking the souls of the dead to heaven, and the unusual Lycian pillar tomb(left), thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC645.jpg
  • Inside the Roman Theatre, dating from the 2nd century AD, built on the same site as an earlier Hellenistic one, with one of its arched tunnel entrances, and behind, the Greek Harpy monument (right), 470-460 BC, a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top with relief carvings of sirens taking the souls of the dead to heaven, and the unusual Lycian pillar tomb (left), thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC646.jpg
  • The Roman Theatre, dating from the 2nd century AD with a capacity of 2200, built on the same site as an earlier Hellenistic one, with remains of the stage building, and behind, the Greek Harpy monument (right), 470-460 BC, a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top with relief carvings of sirens taking the souls of the dead to heaven, and the unusual Lycian pillar tomb (left), thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC711.jpg
  • The Roman agora or town square, built in the 2nd or 3rd century AD to replace the old agora, and the Theatre, dating from the 2nd century AD, built on the same site as an earlier Hellenistic one. On the right, the Greek Harpy monument (right), 470-460 BC, a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top with relief carvings of sirens taking the souls of the dead to heaven, and the unusual Lycian pillar tomb (left), thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC701.jpg
  • Inside the Roman Theatre, dating from the 2nd century AD, built on the same site as an earlier Hellenistic one, with one of its arched tunnel entrances, and behind, the Greek Harpy monument (right), 470-460 BC, a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top with relief carvings of sirens taking the souls of the dead to heaven, and the unusual Lycian pillar tomb (left), thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC695.jpg
  • Entrance to the Roman Theatre, dating from the 2nd century AD, built on the same site as an earlier Hellenistic one, and behind, the Greek Harpy monument (right), 470-460 BC, a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top with relief carvings of sirens taking the souls of the dead to heaven, and the unusual Lycian pillar tomb (left), thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC669.jpg
  • The Lycian pillar tomb, thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. This is the only tomb of its kind in Lycia. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC681.jpg
  • Looking through the entrance to the Roman Theatre, dating from the 2nd century AD, built on the same site as an earlier Hellenistic one, and in the distance, the unusual Lycian pillar tomb, thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC653.jpg
  • The Lycian pillar tomb, thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. This is the only tomb of its kind in Lycia. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC644.jpg
  • The Lycian pillar tomb, thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. This is the only tomb of its kind in Lycia. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC741.jpg
  • Looking through the entrance to the Roman Theatre, dating from the 2nd century AD, built on the same site as an earlier Hellenistic one, and in the distance, the unusual Lycian pillar tomb, thought to date from the 4th century BC, a Lycian sarcophagus on top of a short pillar tomb, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC710.jpg
  • Pompey's Pillar, or Pompey's Column, a Roman triumphal column erected 298-303 AD for emperor Diocletian, and 1 of 2 Roman sphinxes in pink granite, beside the ruins of the temple of Serapis, at the Serapeum of Alexandria, in Alexandria, Egypt. The granite corinthian column and capital once held a statue of Diocletian. (The misleading name Pompey's Column comes from a mistake in translation from its Greek inscription.) Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_EGYPT_MC_0634.jpg
  • Pompey's Pillar, or Pompey's Column, a Roman triumphal column erected 298-303 AD for emperor Diocletian, and 1 of 2 Roman sphinxes in pink granite, beside the ruins of the temple of Serapis, at the Serapeum of Alexandria, in Alexandria, Egypt. The granite corinthian column and capital once held a statue of Diocletian. (The misleading name Pompey's Column comes from a mistake in translation from its Greek inscription.) Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_EGYPT_MC_0632.jpg
  • Pompey's Pillar, or Pompey's Column, a Roman triumphal column erected 298-303 AD for emperor Diocletian, beside the ruins of the temple of Serapis, at the Serapeum of Alexandria, in Alexandria, Egypt. The granite corinthian column and capital once held a statue of Diocletian. (The misleading name Pompey's Column comes from a mistake in translation from its Greek inscription.) It is flanked by 2 Roman sphinxes in pink granite. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_EGYPT_MC_0636.jpg
  • Pompey's Pillar, or Pompey's Column, a Roman triumphal column erected 298-303 AD for emperor Diocletian, beside the ruins of the temple of Serapis, at the Serapeum of Alexandria, in Alexandria, Egypt. The granite corinthian column and capital once held a statue of Diocletian. (The misleading name Pompey's Column comes from a mistake in translation from its Greek inscription.) It is flanked by 2 Roman sphinxes in pink granite. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_EGYPT_MC_0631.jpg
  • Pompey's Pillar, or Pompey's Column, a Roman triumphal column erected 298-303 AD for emperor Diocletian, beside the ruins of the temple of Serapis, at the Serapeum of Alexandria, in Alexandria, Egypt. The granite corinthian column and capital once held a statue of Diocletian. (The misleading name Pompey's Column comes from a mistake in translation from its Greek inscription.) It is flanked by 2 Roman sphinxes in pink granite. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_EGYPT_MC_0633.jpg
  • Pompey's Pillar, or Pompey's Column, a Roman triumphal column erected 298-303 AD for emperor Diocletian, beside the ruins of the temple of Serapis, at the Serapeum of Alexandria, in Alexandria, Egypt. The granite corinthian column and capital once held a statue of Diocletian. (The misleading name Pompey's Column comes from a mistake in translation from its Greek inscription.) It is flanked by 2 Roman sphinxes in pink granite. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_EGYPT_MC_0630.jpg
  • Pompey's Pillar, or Pompey's Column, a Roman triumphal column erected 298-303 AD for emperor Diocletian, and the ruins of the temple of Serapis, at the Serapeum of Alexandria, in Alexandria, Egypt. The granite corinthian column and capital once held a statue of Diocletian. (The misleading name Pompey's Column comes from a mistake in translation from its Greek inscription.) It is flanked by 2 Roman sphinxes in pink granite. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_EGYPT_MC_0635.jpg
  • Statue of Our Lady of the Pillar, with the Virgin gazing at the Christ child, by Claus Sluter, 1340-1405, from the portal of the Chapel at the Chartreuse de Champmol, a Carthusian monastery founded 1383 by Philip the Bold, Duke of Burgundy or Philippe le Hardi, duc de Bourgogne, in Dijon, Burgundy, France. The portal was originally designed by architect Drouet Dammartin, d. 1413, with sculptures by Jean de Marville, d. 1389, and was later redeveloped by Claus Sluter. The central statue is of Our Lady of the Pillar, and on the left, Philip the Bold kneeling before St John the Baptist, and on the right, his wife Margaret III, Countess of Flanders, before St Catherine of Alexandria. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0383.jpg
  • Statue of Our Lady of the Pillar, with the Virgin gazing at the Christ child, by Claus Sluter, 1340-1405, from the portal of the Chapel at the Chartreuse de Champmol, a Carthusian monastery founded 1383 by Philip the Bold, Duke of Burgundy or Philippe le Hardi, duc de Bourgogne, in Dijon, Burgundy, France. The portal was originally designed by architect Drouet Dammartin, d. 1413, with sculptures by Jean de Marville, d. 1389, and was later redeveloped by Claus Sluter. The central statue is of Our Lady of the Pillar, and on the left, Philip the Bold kneeling before St John the Baptist, and on the right, his wife Margaret III, Countess of Flanders, before St Catherine of Alexandria. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0384.jpg
  • Statue of Our Lady of the Pillar, with the Virgin gazing at the Christ child, by Claus Sluter, 1340-1405, from the portal of the Chapel at the Chartreuse de Champmol, a Carthusian monastery founded 1383 by Philip the Bold, Duke of Burgundy or Philippe le Hardi, duc de Bourgogne, in Dijon, Burgundy, France. The portal was originally designed by architect Drouet Dammartin, d. 1413, with sculptures by Jean de Marville, d. 1389, and was later redeveloped by Claus Sluter. The central statue is of Our Lady of the Pillar, and on the left, Philip the Bold kneeling before St John the Baptist, and on the right, his wife Margaret III, Countess of Flanders, before St Catherine of Alexandria. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0381.jpg
  • Jesus tied to a pillar and scourged, Josep Maria Subirachs, Passion facade, La Sagrada Familia, Antoni Gaudi, from 1883 to his death in 1926, still incomplete, Barcelona, Spain. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCSPAIN12_MC118.jpg
  • Sculpted pillar supporting rib vaults in the nave of the Collegiate Church of Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais, built 12th to 16th centuries in Gothic and Renaissance styles, in Gisors, Eure, Haute-Normandie, France. The church was consecrated in 1119 by Calixtus II but the nave was rebuilt from 1160 after a fire. The church is 70m long and the nave is 24m high with a rib-vaulted ceiling. The church was listed as a historic monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC078.jpg
  • Sculpted pillar supporting rib vaults in the nave of the Collegiate Church of Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais, built 12th to 16th centuries in Gothic and Renaissance styles, in Gisors, Eure, Haute-Normandie, France. The church was consecrated in 1119 by Calixtus II but the nave was rebuilt from 1160 after a fire. The church is 70m long and the nave is 24m high with a rib-vaulted ceiling. The church was listed as a historic monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC115.jpg
  • Rock-hewn Lycian tomb with a pillar tomb above in the necropolis to the east of the acropolis at Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. The pillar tomb is a pillar of rock on a 3-stepped krepis with a burial chamber on top, with a hole for the body to enter. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC687.jpg
  • Rock-hewn Lycian tombs with a pillar tomb above in the necropolis to the east of the acropolis at Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. The pillar tomb is a pillar of rock on a 3-stepped krepis with a burial chamber on top, with a hole for the body to enter. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC690.JPG
  • Notre dame du Pilier or Our Lady of the Pillar, a wooden sculpture of the Virgin and Child atop a pillar with carved capital, c. 1540, in the Chapel of Notre Dame du Pilier, ambulatory, Chartres Cathedral, Eure-et-Loir, France. Chartres cathedral was built 1194-1250 and is a fine example of Gothic architecture. It was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC724.jpg
  • Detail of a pillar in the Tash Khauli Palace courtyard, 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6 2010, in the afternoon. The courtyard is decorated with patterned blue and white tiles. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. The harem, occupying about half of the palace has 5 aiwan terraces, with delicately carved wooden pillars,  behind which were the quarters for the khan and his wives. Across the courtyard were the  concubines' apartments.  The facades and walls around the courtyards were decorated with traditional blue, ultramarine and white colours majolica made by Abdullah.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC012.jpg
  • Virgen del Pilar, in a baroque altarpiece, 18th century, in the Capilla del Pilar, the largest side chapel, dedicated to the Virgen del Pilar, in the Catedral del Salvador de Albarracin, 16th century, in the medieval town of Albarracin, Teruel, Aragon, Spain. The statue of the Virgin at the pillar is an earlier 17th century statue. She is flanked her her parents, St Joachim and St Anne. Albarracin was founded as a Moorish town in the 11th century and became an independent lordship until the 13th century. The town is listed as a national monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_SPAIN_MC198.jpg
  • Relief on the West side of the Greek Harpy monument, 470-460 BC, showing seated figures, either deities or deified ancestors, receiving gifts from standing figures, and a cow suckling a calf over the hole where the body would be placed into the burial chamber. The Harpy monument is a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top with relief carvings of sirens taking the souls of the dead to heaven (on the sides not shown here), Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. The reliefs, thought to be a gift to the sarcophagus owner and his wife from other family members, were taken by Charles Fellows to the British Museum in 1842 and replaced with plaster copies. This relief demonstrates the Greek use of isocephaly, where the heads of the figures are at the same height, whether standing of seated. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC680.jpg
  • Relief on the side of the Greek Harpy monument, 470-460 BC, showing a seated figure, either a deity or a deified ancestor, receiving a gift of a helmet from a standing figure. The Harpy monument is a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. The reliefs, thought to be a gift to the sarcophagus owner and his wife from other family members, were taken by Charles Fellows to the British Museum in 1842 and replaced with plaster copies. This relief demonstrates the Greek use of isocephaly, where the heads of the figures are at the same height, whether standing of seated. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC679.jpg
  • Relief on the side of the Greek Harpy monument, 470-460 BC, showing a seated figure, either a deity or a deified ancestor, receiving a gift of a helmet from a standing figure, and winged harpies carrying the souls of the dead, as babies, to heaven. The Harpy monument is a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. The reliefs, thought to be a gift to the sarcophagus owner and his wife from other family members, were taken by Charles Fellows to the British Museum in 1842 and replaced with plaster copies. This relief demonstrates the Greek use of isocephaly, where the heads of the figures are at the same height, whether standing of seated. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC678.jpg
  • Vaulted ceiling of the Hall of Pillars, in the Keep, Queribus Castle or Chateau de Queribus, Cathar Castle, Cucugnan, Corbieres, Aude, France. The Gothic style Hall is named for its single circular pillar supporting 4 assymetrical ribbed ceiling vaults. This castle, built from 13th to 16th centuries, is considered the last Cathar stronghold. It sits on a high peak at 728m. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "Cinq Fils de Carcassonne". It is a listed monument historique and has been fully restored, restoration work being completed in 2002. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC035.jpg
  • Detail of pillar base, Harem aiwan, Tash Khauli Palace , 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 7, 2010, in the afternoon. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. The harem, occupying about half of the palace has 5 aiwan terraces, with delicately carved wooden pillars,  behind which were the quarters for the khan and his wives. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC229.jpg
  • Detail of pillar base, Harem, of Tash Khauli Palace, 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 7, 2010, in the afternoon. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. The harem, occupying about half of the palace has 5 aiwan terraces, with delicately carved wooden pillars,  behind which were the quarters for the khan and his wives. Across the courtyard were the  concubines' apartments.  The facades and walls around the courtyards were decorated with traditional blue, ultramarine and white colours majolica made by Abdullah. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC224.jpg
  • Detail of pillar base, of Prayer Hall, Juma Mosque, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, in the morning. The Juma Mosque, Khiva's main Friday Mosque is, unusally, a single storey building, whose 18th century architects tried to preserve the characteristics of its 10th century predecessor. The 45x55 metre prayer hall contains 212 10th-18th century pillars of varying form and decoration. Some are from the ancient mosque on the same site, others are battle trophies. They are remarkable not only for their fine carving and decoration but also for the  design of the lower sections in the form of a vase with flowering shoots. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC170.jpg
  • Detail of window and balcony with supporting pillar, Casa Batllo, 1875-77, renovated 1904-1906, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, pictured on February 20, 2007, in the morning. Casa Batllo, 43 Passeig de Gracia, was remodelled by Antoni Gaudi and Josep Maria Jujol for Josep Batllo, the owner of the house.  Inspired by the colours and shapes of marine life Gaudi produced an extraordinary building. Its local name is Casa dels ossos (House of Bones), and its features resemble skulls (the balconies) and bones (supporting pillars). The facade is decorated with a mosaic made from broken ceramic tiles (trencadis) in shades ranging from orange to greenish blues. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_GAUDI_FEB07_MC020.jpg
  • Scourging at the pillar, painting by Sebastian Martinez, in the Neoclassical altarpiece by Sebastian and Francisco Solis, in the Capilla del Rostro Santo, built by Juan de Aranda in the 17th century, the main chapel in the Catedral de la Asuncion de Jaen, or Santa Iglesia Catedral de la Asuncion de la Virgen, in Jaen, Andalusia, Spain. The current cathedral was built in the 16th century on the site of an older building, and is known for its Renaissance chapter house and sacristy by Andres de Vandelvira and its Baroque facade by Eufrasio Lopez de Rojas. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_SPAIN_MC_070.jpg
  • The scourging of Christ, with 2 men whipping Christ, who is tied to a pillar, stained glass window, Laon Cathedral or the Cathedrale Notre-Dame de Laon, built 12th and 13th centuries in Gothic style, in Laon, Aisne, Picardy, France. The cathedral is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0376.jpg
  • Relief on the side of the Greek Harpy monument, 470-460 BC, showing a seated figure, either a deity or a deified ancestor, receiving a gift of a helmet from a standing figure, and winged harpies carrying the souls of the dead, as babies, to heaven. The Harpy monument is a 7.5m high pillar tomb with burial chamber on top, Xanthos, Antalya, Turkey. The reliefs, thought to be a gift to the sarcophagus owner and his wife from other family members, were taken by Charles Fellows to the British Museum in 1842 and replaced with plaster copies. This relief demonstrates the Greek use of isocephaly, where the heads of the figures are at the same height, whether standing of seated. Xanthos was a centre of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks and Romans, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC652.jpg
  • Detail of pillar base, of Prayer Hall, Juma Mosque, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, in the morning. The Juma Mosque, Khiva's main Friday Mosque is, unusally, a single storey building, whose 18th century architects tried to preserve the characteristics of its 10th century predecessor. The 45x55 metre prayer hall contains 212 10th-18th century pillars of varying form and decoration. Some are from the ancient mosque on the same site, others are battle trophies. They are remarkable not only for their fine carving and decoration but also for the  design of the lower sections in the form of a vase with flowering shoots. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC171.jpg
  • Vaulted ceiling of the Hall of Pillars, in the Keep, Queribus Castle or Chateau de Queribus, Cathar Castle, Cucugnan, Corbieres, Aude, France. The Gothic style Hall is named for its single circular pillar supporting 4 assymetrical ribbed ceiling vaults. This castle, built from 13th to 16th centuries, is considered the last Cathar stronghold. It sits on a high peak at 728m. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "Cinq Fils de Carcassonne". It is a listed monument historique and has been fully restored, restoration work being completed in 2002. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC022.jpg
  • Plant-inspired carved capital, pillar of the upper church, dedicated to St. Martin, Abbaye Saint Martin du Canigou (Abbey church of Saint Martin du Canigou), Romanesque treasure from the early 11th century, Casteil, Pyrenees Orientales, France. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC12_FRANCE_MC_079.jpg
  • 11th century Crypt of Pessebre, Benedictine Abbey of Saint Michel de Cuxa, Codalet, Pyrenees Orientales, France. Circular chapel of rough stone with vault, supported by an enormous central pillar. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC12_FRANCE_MC_017.jpg
  • View from below of pillar and vaulted ceiling of the central apse of Sant Climent de Taull church, 1123, consecrated by Ramon Guillem, the bishop of Roda, Taull, Province of Lleida, Catalonia, Spain. The church is one of the best examples of Romanesque architecture. It is known for its campanile and for its murals, which were removed to the MNAC (National Art Museum of Catalonia, Barcelona) in 1922, to prevent the theft of the murals. The murals, which are frescos, were removed by painting them with horsehide glue and then peeling off the hardened glue, carrying the pigments of the mural with it. Among the murals is a striking rendition of Christ Pantocrator visible at the bottom right of the picture. Sant Climent church is part of the Catalan Romanesque churches of the Vall de Boí which were declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in November 2000. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCSPAIN11_MC031.jpg
  • Ruins of the old abbey church, with pillar bases from the transept, excavated in 1959, at the Abbaye Saint Nicolas, founded 1021 by Foulques Nerra in Angers, Maine-et-Loire, France. King Rene d'Anjou was married in this church. It was built by Geoffroy Martel and consecrated by Foulques Nerra. The abbey was destroyed in the French Revolution. The abbey is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_FRANCE_MC_0627.jpg
  • Sculptures around a pillar base in the wall of the Loggia della Signoria, or Loggia dei Lanzi, built 1376-82 by Benci di Cione and Simone di Francesco Talenti to hold public ceremonies, in Florence, Tuscany, Italy. The loggia is a building adjacent to the Uffizi Gallery on the Piazza della Signoria, with a wide arcade with sculptures between the columns. The historic centre of Florence is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_ITALY_MC_277.JPG
  • First floor of the Keep or donjon, a large square room nearly 10m square and 8m high at its peak with a central pillar supporting the ribs of the vaults, which on the outer edges rest on carved consoles, Chateau de Vincennes, Ile de France, France. The Keep is 50m high, built 1337-73, the highest fortified medieval building in Europe. It has a square plan 16x16m with a square room on each floor with walls 3m thick, with a turret on each corner. The Chateau was originally built in 1150 as a hunting lodge for Louis VII, with a donjon added in the 14th century, walls in the 15th and further extended in the 17th century. It was an important royal palace until the 18th century. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Paris_MC322.jpg
  • Detail of pillar made of three small columns on each side of a larger central column decorated with golden Castilian castles and flanked by a statue of apostle, nave of the upper chapel of La Sainte-Chapelle (The Holy Chapel), 1248, Paris, France. La Sainte-Chapelle was commissioned by King Louis IX to house his collection of Passion Relics, including the Crown of Thorns. The Sainte-Chapelle is considered among the highest achievements of the Rayonnant period of Gothic architecture. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC_PARIS_11_MC051.jpg
  • Passion Cross, c. 1600, Italian, cross with instruments of the Passion or Arma Christi, in the Church of St Mary, or Esglesia de Santa Maria de Cadaques, built in the 17th century, in Cadaques, on the Cap de Creus peninsula, Catalonia, Spain. The instruments include the True Cross, Crown of Thorns, pillar, whip, Holy Sponge set on a reed, Holy Lance, reed, INRI, Holy Grail, dice, rooster, ladder, hammer, pincers, vessel of myrrh, moon, lantern and sword. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_SPAIN_MC_0611.jpg
  • Destruction of Sodom, with Lot and his family fleeing while his wife looks back and is turned into a pillar of salt, mosaic from the Genesis cycle in the nave of Monreale Cathedral or the Duomo di Monreale, built 1172-89 under King William II in Palermo, Sicily, Italy. The cathedral interior is covered in Byzantine style glass mosaics made 12th and 13th centuries depicting biblical stories. The church is a national monument and forms part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_ITALY_MC_020.JPG
  • Entrance hall with concrete pillar supporting the structure, allowing the space to be open and flexible, and living room furniture suite by Rene Gabriel, in the Historic Show Flat, on the first floor of an ISAI or Immeubles Sans Affectation Individuelle apartment block, designed from 1946 by Auguste Perret, 1874-1954, who led the reconstruction of Le Havre in the 1950s, after the town was completely destroyed in WWII, Le Havre, Normandy, France. The apartment, of early 1950s design, used all modern conveniences, including internal kitchen and bathroom, contemporary mass produced oak furniture, natural light flowing from front and back, children's study bedroom, central heating and domestic appliances such as vacuum cleaners and refrigerators. Rene Gabriel and Marcel Gascoin designed the furniture in Scandinavian style, which came to typify reconstruction design. The centre of Le Havre is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0625.jpg
  • Living room furniture suite by Rene Gabriel, and concrete pillar in the hallway supporting the structure, allowing the space to be open and flexible, in the Historic Show Flat, on the first floor of an ISAI or Immeubles Sans Affectation Individuelle apartment block, designed from 1946 by Auguste Perret, 1874-1954, who led the reconstruction of Le Havre in the 1950s, after the town was completely destroyed in WWII, Le Havre, Normandy, France. The apartment, of early 1950s design, used all modern conveniences, including internal kitchen and bathroom, contemporary mass produced oak furniture, natural light flowing from front and back, children's study bedroom, central heating and domestic appliances such as vacuum cleaners and refrigerators. Rene Gabriel and Marcel Gascoin designed the furniture in Scandinavian style, which came to typify reconstruction design. The centre of Le Havre is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0626.jpg
  • Portal of the Chapel at the Chartreuse de Champmol, a Carthusian monastery founded 1383 by Philip the Bold, Duke of Burgundy or Philippe le Hardi, duc de Bourgogne, in Dijon, Burgundy, France. The portal was originally designed by architect Drouet Dammartin, d. 1413, with sculptures by Jean de Marville, d. 1389, and was later redeveloped by Claus Sluter, 1340-1405. The central statue is of Our Lady of the Pillar, with the Virgin gazing at the Christ child, and on the left, Philip the Bold kneeling before St John the Baptist, and on the right, his wife Margaret III, Countess of Flanders, before St Catherine of Alexandria. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0380.jpg
  • North transept and high relief of the annunciation on the central pillar, in the Abbatiale Sainte-Foy de Conques or Abbey-church of Saint-Foy, Conques, Aveyron, Midi-Pyrenees, France, a Romanesque abbey church begun 1050 under abbot Odolric to house the remains of St Foy, a 4th century female martyr. The stained glass windows were made by Pierre Soulages in 1987-94, in colourless, translucent glass. The church is on the pilgrimage route to Santiago da Compostela, and is listed as a historic monument and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0659.jpg
  • Sculpted capital with the heads of Delilah with scissors at her neck, a bearded Samson and a black Philistine, c. 1250, on the 3rd pillar on the South side of Rouen Cathedral or the Cathedrale de Notre Dame de Rouen, built 12th century in Gothic style, with work continuing through the 13th and 14th centuries, Rouen, Normandy, France. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0078.jpg
  • Detail of the Assumption of the Virgin, by Francois Francken the Younger, 1581-1642, on the altarpiece of the Chapelle de Notre Dame du Pilier Rouge, or Chapel of Our Lady of the Red Pillar, also called Our Lady of the Puy, on the East side of the South transept of the Basilique Cathedrale Notre-Dame d'Amiens or Cathedral Basilica of Our Lady of Amiens, built 1220-70 in Gothic style, Amiens, Picardy, France. The altar itself was designed by was executed by Nicolas Blasset in 1627. Amiens Cathedral was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC1053.jpg
  • Tomb of Charles Hemard de Denonville, 1493-1540, cardinal and bishop of Amiens, sculpted 1543 by Mathieu Laignel, on the Northwest pillar of the transept crossing, in the Basilique Cathedrale Notre-Dame d'Amiens or Cathedral Basilica of Our Lady of Amiens, built 1220-70 in Gothic style, Amiens, Picardy, France. Amiens Cathedral was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC1083.jpg
  • Detail of a carved capital atop a circular striped pillar in the nave of the Church of St Spiridon, 18th - 19th centuries, completed 1864, in the Gorica quarter of Berat, South-Central Albania, capital of the District of Berat and the County of Berat. The church is a 3-nave basilica with two lower side naves and a bell tower. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_Albania_MC049.jpg
  • Figure leaning on a pillar, from the Roman mosaic of the Four Seasons, in the dining room of the House of Dionysos, 3rd century AD, Volubilis, Northern Morocco. Volubilis was founded in the 3rd century BC by the Phoenicians and was a Roman settlement from the 1st century AD. Volubilis was a thriving Roman olive growing town until 280 AD and was settled until the 11th century. The buildings were largely destroyed by an earthquake in the 18th century and have since been excavated and partly restored. Volubilis was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_Morocco_MC123.jpg
  • Statuette of a woman in attitude of prayer, possibly the Virgin, protected by iron bars, in a niche in a pillar in the Collegiate Church of Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais, built 12th to 16th centuries in Gothic and Renaissance styles, in Gisors, Eure, Haute-Normandie, France. The church was consecrated in 1119 by Calixtus II but the nave was rebuilt from 1160 after a fire. The church was listed as a historic monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC092.JPG
  • Painted wooden panels, a stained glass door and a zellige tile decorated pillar in the central courtyard area, in a typical Tetouan riad, a traditional muslim house built around a courtyard, built in Moorish style with strong Andalusian influences, next to the Great Mosque or Jamaa el Kebir in the Medina or old town of Tetouan, on the slopes of Jbel Dersa in the Rif mountains of Northern Morocco. Tetouan was of particular importance in the Islamic period from the 8th century, when it served as the main point of contact between Morocco and Andalusia. After the Reconquest, the town was rebuilt by Andalusian refugees who had been expelled by the Spanish. The medina of Tetouan dates to the 16th century and was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Morocco_MC212.jpg
  • Roman Hermeros, a pillar ending in a figure of a god (originally Hermes) from the East Gymnasium of Ephesus, 2nd century AD, at the Museum of Ephesus, Ephesus, Izmir, Turkey. Ephesus was an ancient Greek city founded in the 10th century BC, and later a major Roman city, on the Ionian coast near present day Selcuk. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC709.jpg
  • On the tympanum, Christ holds up his arms to show his wounds, while Mary and St John the Baptist sit on either side and behind them kneel angels holding the pillar, whip and spear. Above, angels hold the nail, cross, shroud and crown of thorns. On the lintel, the archangel Michael separates those souls going to heaven on the left and hell on the right. On the archivolts, the hierarchy of the angels. Central bay of the South Portal depicting the Last Judgement, 12th century, Chartres Cathedral, Eure-et-Loir, France. Chartres cathedral was built 1194-1250 and is a fine example of Gothic architecture. It was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC13_FRANCE_MC721.jpg
  • Detail of pillar made of three small columns on each side of a larger central column decorated with golden Castilian castles and flanked by a statue of apostle, nave of the upper chapel of La Sainte-Chapelle (The Holy Chapel), 1248, Paris, France. La Sainte-Chapelle was commissioned commissioned by King Louis IX to house his collection of Passion Relics, including the Crown of Thorns. The Sainte-Chapelle is considered among the highest achievements of the Rayonnant period of Gothic architecture. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC_PARIS_11_MC060.jpg
  • View from the side of pillar made of three small columns on each side of a larger central column decorated with golden Castilian castles and flanked by a statue of apostle, nave of the upper chapel of La Sainte-Chapelle (The Holy Chapel), 1248, Paris, France. La Sainte-Chapelle was commissioned by King Louis IX to house his collection of Passion Relics, including the Crown of Thorns. The Sainte-Chapelle is considered among the highest achievements of the Rayonnant period of Gothic architecture. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC_PARIS_11_MC057.jpg
  • Detail of pillar made of three small columns on each side of a larger central column decorated with golden French Fleur de lys and flanked by a statue of apostle, nave of the upper chapel of La Sainte-Chapelle (The Holy Chapel), 1248, Paris, France. La Sainte-Chapelle was commissioned by King Louis IX to house his collection of Passion Relics, including the Crown of Thorns. The Sainte-Chapelle is considered among the highest achievements of the Rayonnant period of Gothic architecture. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC_PARIS_11_MC052.jpg
  • Detail of pillar made of three small columns on each side of a larger central column decorated with golden French Fleur de lys and flanked by a statue of apostle, nave of the upper chapel of La Sainte-Chapelle (The Holy Chapel), 1248, Paris, France. La Sainte-Chapelle was commissioned by King Louis IX to house his collection of Passion Relics, including the Crown of Thorns. The Sainte-Chapelle is considered among the highest achievements of the Rayonnant period of Gothic architecture. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC_PARIS_11_MC046.jpg
  • Pillar of Sesotris I, 2nd pharaoh of the 12th dynasty, Middle Kingdom, depicting the king in the form of Osiris, god of the afterlife, with arms folded and holding 2 ankhs or keys of life, with false royal beard, from the courtyard of the Amun temple in Karnak, limestone, 1971-26 BC, in the Luxor Museum, inaugurated 1975, in Luxor, Egypt. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_EGYPT_MC_0055.jpg
  • Corinthian capital and marble pillar supporting ribbed cross vaults of a trapezoidal room on the ground floor of the Castel del Monte, a 13th century citadel and castle in Andria, Puglia, Southern Italy. Each floor consists of 8 trapezoidal rooms, with a ribbed cross vault held up by semi-columns over the central area. The castle was built in the 1240s by Emperor Frederick II and is octagonal in plan, with walls 25m high and bastion towers on each corner. It is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_ITALY_MC191.jpg
  • Corinthian capital and marble pillar supporting ribbed cross vaults of a trapezoidal room on the ground floor of the Castel del Monte, a 13th century citadel and castle in Andria, Puglia, Southern Italy. Each floor consists of 8 trapezoidal rooms, with a ribbed cross vault held up by semi-columns over the central area. The castle was built in the 1240s by Emperor Frederick II and is octagonal in plan, with walls 25m high and bastion towers on each corner. It is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_ITALY_MC180.jpg
  • The Assumption of the Virgin, by Francois Francken the Younger, 1581-1642, on the altarpiece of the Chapelle de Notre Dame du Pilier Rouge, or Chapel of Our Lady of the Red Pillar, also called Our Lady of the Puy, on the East side of the South transept of the Basilique Cathedrale Notre-Dame d'Amiens or Cathedral Basilica of Our Lady of Amiens, built 1220-70 in Gothic style, Amiens, Picardy, France. The altar itself was designed by was executed by Nicolas Blasset in 1627. Amiens Cathedral was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC1080.jpg
  • Saints Crispin and Crispinian, patron saints of cobblers, tied to a pillar and flogged with whips, from the Scenes of the Life and Martyrdom of Saints Crispin and Crispinian stained glass window, attributed to Nicolas le Prince, donated in 1530 by the cobblers guild in Gisors, in the Collegiate Church of Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais, built 12th to 16th centuries in Gothic and Renaissance styles, in Gisors, Eure, Haute-Normandie, France. The church was consecrated in 1119 by Calixtus II but the nave was rebuilt from 1160 after a fire. The church was listed as a historic monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC129.jpg
  • Zellige tile decoration, painted wooden panels and a zellige tile decorated pillar on the first floor of the central courtyard area, in a typical Tetouan riad, a traditional muslim house built around a courtyard, built in Moorish style with strong Andalusian influences, next to the Great Mosque or Jamaa el Kebir in the Medina or old town of Tetouan, on the slopes of Jbel Dersa in the Rif mountains of Northern Morocco. Tetouan was of particular importance in the Islamic period from the 8th century, when it served as the main point of contact between Morocco and Andalusia. After the Reconquest, the town was rebuilt by Andalusian refugees who had been expelled by the Spanish. The medina of Tetouan dates to the 16th century and was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Morocco_MC229.jpg
  • Painted wooden panels from the top of a pillar in the central courtyard of a typical Tetouan riad, a traditional muslim house built around a courtyard, built in Moorish style with strong Andalusian influences, next to the Great Mosque or Jamaa el Kebir in the Medina or old town of Tetouan, on the slopes of Jbel Dersa in the Rif mountains of Northern Morocco. Tetouan was of particular importance in the Islamic period from the 8th century, when it served as the main point of contact between Morocco and Andalusia. After the Reconquest, the town was rebuilt by Andalusian refugees who had been expelled by the Spanish. The medina of Tetouan dates to the 16th century and was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Morocco_MC214.JPG
  • Detail of pillar made of three small columns on each side of a larger central column decorated with golden French Fleur de lys and flanked by a statue of apostle, nave of the upper chapel of La Sainte-Chapelle (The Holy Chapel), 1248, Paris, France. La Sainte-Chapelle was commissioned by King Louis IX to house his collection of Passion Relics, including the Crown of Thorns. The Sainte-Chapelle is considered among the highest achievements of the Rayonnant period of Gothic architecture. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC_PARIS_11_MC054.jpg
  • Detail of a relief depicting a monk with a dead or dying man shrouded in cloth and a Greek pagoda on a rocky mountain, on a stone pillar from a religious statue on the Charles Bridge or Karluv most, built 1357 - 15th century across the Vltava river, Prague, Czech Republic. The historic centre of Prague was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1992. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_PRAGUE_MC086.jpg
  • Pillar with a cross carved into its base on Curetes Street, Ephesus, Izmir, Turkey. Ephesus was an important centre in the early Christian world. Ephesus was an ancient Greek city founded in the 10th century BC, and later a major Roman city, on the Ionian coast near present day Selcuk. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC384.jpg
  • Low angle view of tracery, pillars and elaborately sculpted capitals in a corner of the cloister in the Monestir de Santes Creus, Aiguamurcia, Catalonia, Spain, pictured on May 21, 2006, in the morning. These carved capitals depict foliage, a fabulous winged figure and a lion. The Cistercian Reial Monestir Santa Maria de Santes Creus and its church were built between 1174 and 1225. Following strict Cistercian rule, the Romanesque complex originally featured no architectural embellishments with the exception of ornamented capitals and crenellations on the rooflines. In the 13th century the cloister was converted in Gothic style by James II of Aragon. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_SPAIN_06_MC023.jpg
  • Side aisle looking towards the ambulatory, in Rouen Cathedral or the Cathedrale de Notre Dame de Rouen, built 12th century in Gothic style, with work continuing through the 13th and 14th centuries, Rouen, Normandy, France. The nave was built mainly in the 13th century and is 60m long, with huge pillars with arches leading to the side aisles, and a rib-vaulted ceiling. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0077.jpg
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