manuel cohen

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  • Red Dining Room or Tapestry Room, used for formal banquets for the Savoy Monarchy, with neoclassical furniture, crystal chandeliers and 17th century Flemish tapestries, at the Villa La Petraia, a 14th century Villa Medicea at Castello, Florence, Tuscany, Italy. The villa was bought by Cosimo I de Medici in the 16th century and his son Ferdinand carried out remodelling on the building with architect Bernardo Buontalenti, 1531-1608. The villa is now a museum and forms part of the Medici UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_ITALY_MC_022.jpg
  • Carved flaming salamander below a crown, symbolising the gratitude of the Beauvais canons towards the liberal monarchy (the salamander being the symbol of King Francois I), from the wooden portal on the South facade of the transept, at the Cathedrale Saint-Pierre de Beauvais or Cathedral of St Peter of Beauvais, an incomplete Gothic Roman Catholic cathedral consecrated in 1272, Beauvais, Oise, Picardy, France. The salamander also represents a link between Beauvais Cathedral and the Chateau de Chambord. The cathedral consists only of a transept built in the 16th century and choir, with apse and 7 polygonal apsidal chapels from the 13th century. It was listed as a historic monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0629.jpg
  • Nave with statues-gisants of Louis of France (1276 - 1319) and Marguerite of Artois (1285 - 1311) in the foreground, marble, 14th century, origine Church of Jacobins (Paris), funerary Monument of Louis XII and Anne of Brittany in the distance, Abbey church of Saint Denis, Seine Saint Denis, France. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    DPARIS080139.jpg
  • Theatre Imperial Napoleon III de Fontainebleau (Fontainebleau Theatre Napoleon III), 1853-1856, by Hector Lefuel, fade lit by the original lightings of the 19th century, Fontainebleau, Seine-et-Marne, France. Restoration of the theatre began in Spring 2013 thanks to an agreement between the Emirate of Abu Dhabi and the French Governement dedicating 5 M€ to the restoration.  In recognition of the sponsorship by the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, French Governement decided to rename the theatre as "Theatre Cheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan" (Cheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan Theatre). The achievement of a first stage of renovation will allow the opening of the theatre to the public on May 3, 2014. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC347.jpg
  • Lower Castle, Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC054.jpg
  • Old keep of Lower Castle, Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This view shows the steep cliffs which form a natural defense. The castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC015.jpg
  • Stage, Theatre Imperial Napoleon III de Fontainebleau (Fontainebleau Theatre Napoleon III), 1853-1856, by Hector Lefuel, lit by the original lightings of the 19th century, Fontainebleau, Seine-et-Marne, France. Restoration of the theatre began in Spring 2013 thanks to an agreement between the Emirate of Abu Dhabi and the French Governement dedicating 5 M€ to the restoration.  In recognition of the sponsorship by the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, French Governement decided to rename the theatre as "Theatre Cheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan" (Cheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan Theatre). The achievement of a first stage of renovation will allow the opening of the theatre to the public on May 3, 2014. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC345.jpg
  • Stage, Theatre Imperial Napoleon III de Fontainebleau (Fontainebleau Theatre Napoleon III), 1853-1856, by Hector Lefuel, lit by the original lightings of the 19th century, Fontainebleau, Seine-et-Marne, France. Restoration of the theatre began in Spring 2013 thanks to an agreement between the Emirate of Abu Dhabi and the French Governement dedicating 5 M€ to the restoration.  In recognition of the sponsorship by the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, French Governement decided to rename the theatre as "Theatre Cheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan" (Cheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan Theatre). The achievement of a first stage of renovation will allow the opening of the theatre to the public on May 3, 2014. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC346.jpg
  • Theatre Imperial Napoleon III de Fontainebleau (Fontainebleau Theatre Napoleon III), 1853-1856, by Hector Lefuel, lit by the original lightings of the 19th century, Fontainebleau, Seine-et-Marne, France. Restoration of the theatre began in Spring 2013 thanks to an agreement between the Emirate of Abu Dhabi and the French Governement dedicating 5 M€ to the restoration.  In recognition of the sponsorship by the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, French Governement decided to rename the theatre as "Theatre Cheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan" (Cheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan Theatre). The achievement of a first stage of renovation will allow the opening of the theatre to the public on May 3, 2014. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC350.jpg
  • Buttress and tower of Lower Castle, Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC089.jpg
  • Tour de la Dame Blanche or White Lady Tower, Puilaurens Castle, Chateau de Puilaurens, Cathar castle, Lapradelle-Puilaurens, Boulzane Valley, Aude, France.  Also called Puylaurens, or lo Castel de Pueg-Laurenc in Occitan, this 12th century ruined castle had belonged to the Abbey of Saint-Michel de Cuxa before being acquired by the Queen of Aragon in 1162. It changed hands many times during the Albigensian Crusade. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC064.jpg
  • Stairs leading to the main entrance, Queribus Castle or Chateau de Queribus, Cathar Castle, Cucugnan, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle, built from 13th to 16th centuries, is considered the last Cathar stronghold. It sits on a high peak at 728m. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "Cinq Fils de Carcassonne". It is a listed monument historique and has been fully restored, restoration work being completed in 2002. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC034.jpg
  • Entrance of the old keep of the Lower Castle, Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC020.jpg
  • Church Sainte Marie de Peyrepertuse, showing ancient entrance door of the church and cistern on the right, Lower Castle, Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC003.jpg
  • Aguilar Castle, Chateau d'Aguilar, Cathar Castle, Tuchan, Corbieres, Aude, France. The castle consists of an inner keep built in the 12th century, surrounded by an outer pentagonal fortification from the 13th century with semi-circular guard towers, and is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne". It is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC103.jpg
  • Puilaurens Castle, Chateau de Puilaurens, Cathar castle, Lapradelle-Puilaurens, Boulzane Valley, Aude, France.  Also called Puylaurens, or lo Castel de Pueg-Laurenc in Occitan, this 12th century ruined castle had belonged to the Abbey of Saint-Michel de Cuxa before being acquired by the Queen of Aragon in 1162. It changed hands many times during the Albigensian Crusade. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC102.jpg
  • Termes Castle or Chateau de Termes, Cathar castle, Termes, Corbieres, Aude, France. This 12th century ruined castle fell to Simon de Montfort after a 4 month siege in 1210 during the Albigensian Crusade. It was rebuilt in the 13th century as a royal garrison. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "Cinq Fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC097.jpg
  • Lower Castle seen from High Castle, Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. View shows hilltop location and Pyrenees surrounding site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC086.jpg
  • Aguilar Castle, Chateau d'Aguilar, Cathar Castle, Tuchan, Corbieres, Aude, France. The castle consists of an inner keep built in the 12th century, surrounded by an outer pentagonal fortification from the 13th century with semi-circular guard towers, and is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne". It is a listed monument historique. View from distance showing hilltop location. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC071.jpg
  • Aguilar Castle, Chateau d'Aguilar, Cathar Castle, Tuchan, Corbieres, Aude, France. The castle consists of an inner keep built in the 12th century, surrounded by an outer pentagonal fortification from the 13th century with semi-circular guard towers, and is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne". It is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC072.jpg
  • Chapelle San Jordi (left) and High Castle (right), Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC059.jpg
  • Padern Castle or Chateau de Padern, 12th century Cathar castle, Padern, Corbieres, Aude, France. This nighttime view shows the castle illuminated against the night sky. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC090.jpg
  • Lower Castle, Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC049.jpg
  • Lower Castle, Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC050.jpg
  • Old keep of the Lower Castle, Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. This view shows the steep cliffs which are a natural defense. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC016.jpg
  • Chapelle San Jordi (left) and High Castle (right), Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This view shows the steep cliffs which are a natural defense. The castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC057.jpg
  • Queribus Castle or Chateau de Queribus, Cathar Castle, Cucugnan, Corbieres, Aude, France.  This castle, built from 13th to 16th centuries, is considered the last Cathar stronghold. It sits on a high peak at 728m. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "Cinq Fils de Carcassonne". It is a listed monument historique and has been fully restored, restoration work being completed in 2002. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC069.jpg
  • Chapelle San Jordi (left) and High Castle (right), Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. This view shows the steep cliffs which are a natural defense. Evening view with moonrise. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC042.jpg
  • Chapelle San Jordi (on left) and High Castle (on right), Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC017.jpg
  • Top of the Buttress of the old keep (Lower Castle), Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, lower, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC018.jpg
  • Staircase leading to the main entrance of the castle, Queribus Castle or Chateau de Queribus, Cathar Castle, Cucugnan, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle, built from 13th to 16th centuries, is considered the last Cathar stronghold. It sits on a high peak at 728m. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "Cinq Fils de Carcassonne". It is a listed monument historique and has been fully restored, restoration work being completed in 2002. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC024.jpg
  • Queribus Castle or Chateau de Queribus, Cathar Castle, Cucugnan, Corbieres, Aude, France. This view shows the steep rocky cliffs of its hilltop location. The castle, built from 13th to 16th centuries, is considered the last Cathar stronghold. It sits on a high peak at 728m. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "Cinq Fils de Carcassonne". It is a listed monument historique and has been fully restored, restoration work being completed in 2002. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC006.jpg
  • Queribus Castle or Chateau de Queribus, Cathar Castle, Cucugnan, Corbieres, Aude, France. This view shows the steep rocky cliffs of its hilltop location. The castle, built from 13th to 16th centuries, is considered the last Cathar stronghold. It sits on a high peak at 728m. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "Cinq Fils de Carcassonne". It is a listed monument historique and has been fully restored, restoration work being completed in 2002. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC007.jpg
  • Queribus Castle or Chateau de Queribus, Cathar Castle, Cucugnan, Corbieres, Aude, France.  Evening view showing the steep cliffs of its hilltop location and Pyrenees in the distance. This castle, built from 13th to 16th centuries, is considered the last Cathar stronghold. It sits on a high peak at 728m. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "Cinq Fils de Carcassonne". It is a listed monument historique and has been fully restored, restoration work being completed in 2002. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC030.jpg
  • Queribus Castle or Chateau de Queribus, Cathar Castle, Cucugnan, Corbieres, Aude, France. Evening view showing its hilltop location and Pyrenees in the distance. The castle, built from 13th to 16th centuries, is considered the last Cathar stronghold. It sits on a high peak at 728m. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "Cinq Fils de Carcassonne". It is a listed monument historique and has been fully restored, restoration work being completed in 2002. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC029.jpg
  • Queribus Castle or Chateau de Queribus, Cathar Castle, Cucugnan, Corbieres, Aude, France.  Evening view showing the steep cliffs of its hilltop location and Pyrenees in the distance. This castle, built from 13th to 16th centuries, is considered the last Cathar stronghold. It sits on a high peak at 728m. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "Cinq Fils de Carcassonne". It is a listed monument historique and has been fully restored, restoration work being completed in 2002. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC032.jpg
  • Andre Le Notre (1613-1700), Tuileries Gardens (Jardin des Tuileries), 1664, Paris, France. Chief gardener and landscape architect for Louis XIV (1638-1715), Le Notre designed again the Tuileries Gardens from 1664 to 1672. He also designed the gardens at Versailles and the Westward vista of the Tuileries which later became the Champs Elysees. The garden of the Tuileries Palace was created by Catherine de Medici (1519-89), and opened to the public in 1667 at the request of Charles Perrault. It became a public park after the French Revolution. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC_PARIS_11_MC157.jpg
  • Institut de France, 1660, Le Vau, Quai de Conti, 6th arrondissement, Paris, France, seen at night from Quai du Louvre, with the Ponts des Arts which connects Le Louvre to the Institut de France. The Institut de France, founded in 1795, is an amalgamation of 5 learned societies: Academie Francaise, Academie Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture, Academie Royale des Inscriptions et Medailles, Academie royale des Sciences and the Academie royale d'Architecture. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC_PARIS_11_MC100.jpg
  • St Paul's Cathedral, 1675 - 1710, architect Sir Christopher Wren : detail of the pediment (c. 1706) by Francis Bird, illustrating the conversion of St Paul, and the dome, one of the largest dome in the world, 111 metres high, London, England, UK. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC_London_MC018.jpg
  • Plant History Glasshouse (formerly Australian Glasshouse), 1830s, Rohault de Fleury, Jardin des Plantes, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France. View from the side of the glass and iron roof, seen from the incubator roof, with the main avenue of the Jardin des plantes to the right, and the Paris skyline beyond.
    Mnhn_GS_MCohen_594.jpg
  • Plant History Glasshouse (formerly the Australian Glasshouse), 1830s, Charles Rohault de Fleury, Jardin des Plantes, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France. High angle view showing the glass and iron roof structure in the early morning winter light. In the distance is the Grande Mosquee de Paris (Great Mosque of Paris).
    Mnhn_GS_MCohen_591.jpg
  • Tropical Rainforest Glasshouse (formerly Le Jardin d'Hiver or Winter Gardens), 1936, RenÈ Berger, Jardin des Plantes, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France. View of the luxuriant Tropical vegetation from the cave in the Art Deco glasshouse.
    Mnhn_GS_MCohen_590.jpg
  • New Caledonia Glasshouse (formerly The Mexican Hothouse), 1830s, Charles Rohault de Fleury, Jardin des Plantes, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France.  View from above of the interior of the glasshouse showing the newly planted Glasshouse which is divided into areas representing the four forest climates: top right: arid forest; top left: mangrove; bottom right: humid forest; bottom left: savannah. The girders arch across the scene above the many paned windows. The New Caledonia Glasshouse, or Hothouse, was the first French glass and iron building.
    Mnhn_GS_MCohen_584.jpg
  • Tropical Rainforest Glasshouse (formerly Le Jardin d'Hiver or Winter Gardens), 1936, Rene Berger, with the  Desert and Arid Lands Glasshouse, 1930s, alongside, Jardin des Plantes, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France. Low angle view of the illuminated glasshouses at night, showing the main Art Deco style entrance with its pillars in luminescent glass paste by Auguste Labouret in grand style. To the left is a cafe in glasshouse style.
    Mnhn_GS_MCohen_582.jpg
  • Plant History Glasshouse (formerly Australian Glasshouse), 1830s, Rohault de Fleury, Jardin des Plantes, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France. View from the side of the glass and iron rooftop cupola. In the background is the minaret of the Grande Mosquee de Paris (Great Mosque of Paris.)
    Mnhn_GS_MCohen_579.jpg
  • Facade of the Tropical Rainforest Glasshouse (formerly Le Jardin d'Hiver or Winter Gardens), 1936, Rene Berger, Jardin des Plantes, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France. View from the front of the main Art Deco style entrance whose glass columns are stunningly floodlit at dawn.
    Mnhn_GS_MCohen_576.jpg
  • New Caledonia Glasshouse (formerly The Mexican Hothouse), 1830s by Charles Rohault de Fleury, Jardin des Plantes, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France. View from the side showing the glass and metal structures reflecting the winter early morning light. The New Caledonia Glasshouse, or Hothouse, was the first French glass and iron building.
    Mnhn_GS_MCohen_572.jpg
  • New Caledonia Glasshouse (formerly The Mexican Hothouse), 1830s, Charles Rohault de Fleury, Jardin des Plantes, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France. View from the side, through autumn leaves in the winter early morning light, showing the glass and metal structures. The New Caledonia Glasshouse, or Hothouse, was the first French glass and iron building.
    Mnhn_GS_MCohen_571.jpg
  • Jardin des Plantes, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France. Aerial view of the Jardin des Plantes showing the Glasshouses in the afternoon light, left to right: Incubators, restored 1995-97, Paul Chemetov and Borja Huidobro; Plant History Glasshouse (formerly Australian Glasshouse), 1830s, Rohault de Fleury; New Caledonia Glasshouse (formerly Mexican Hothouse), 1834, Charles Rohault de Fleury; Tropical Rainforest Glasshouse (formerly Le Jardin d'Hiver or Winter Gardens), 1936, RenÈ Berger,  and alongside it the Desert and Arid Land Glasshouse, 1930s; in the background is the Paris skyline.
    Mnhn_GS_MCohen_566.jpg
  • Tropical Rainforest Glasshouse (formerly Le Jardin d'Hiver or Winter Gardens), 1936, RenÈ Berger, Jardin des Plantes, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France. Detail showing the cave covered by Epiphytes plants.
    Mnhn_GS_MCohen_561.jpg
  • Tropical Rainforest Glasshouse (formerly Le Jardin d'Hiver or Winter Gardens), 1936, RenÈ Berger, Jardin des Plantes, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France. View from the top of the first floor of the cave with the pool and the Tropical plants visible below.
    Mnhn_GS_MCohen_559.jpg
  • Tropical Rainforest Glasshouse (formerly Le Jardin d'Hiver or Winter Gardens), 1936, RenÈ Berger, Jardin des Plantes, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France. View from the top of the second floor of the cave in the Art Deco style glasshouse.
    Mnhn_GS_MCohen_557.jpg
  • Tropical Rainforest Glasshouse (formerly Le Jardin d'Hiver or Winter Gardens), 1936, RenÈ Berger, Jardin des Plantes, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France. Detail of cave in the Art Deco style building showing rockpool and luxuriant Tropical plants.
    Mnhn_GS_MCohen_554.jpg
  • Theatre Imperial Napoleon III de Fontainebleau (Fontainebleau Theatre Napoleon III), 1853-1856, by Hector Lefuel, full lit by the original lightings of the 19th century, Fontainebleau, Seine-et-Marne, France. Restoration of the theatre began in Spring 2013 thanks to an agreement between the Emirate of Abu Dhabi and the French Governement dedicating 5 M€ to the restoration.  In recognition of the sponsorship by the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, French Governement decided to rename the theatre as "Theatre Cheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan" (Cheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan Theatre). The achievement of a first stage of renovation will allow the opening of the theatre to the public on May 3, 2014. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC349.jpg
  • Detail of the original chandelier lighting from the 19th century, Theatre Imperial Napoleon III de Fontainebleau (Fontainebleau Theatre Napoleon III), 1853-1856, by Hector Lefuel, Fontainebleau, Seine-et-Marne, France. Restoration of the theatre began in Spring 2013 thanks to an agreement between the Emirate of Abu Dhabi and the French Governement dedicating 5 M€ to the restoration.  In recognition of the sponsorship by the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, French Governement decided to rename the theatre as "Theatre Cheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan" (Cheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan Theatre). The achievement of a first stage of renovation will allow the opening of the theatre to the public on May 3, 2014. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC351.jpg
  • Detail of the Imperial box, Theatre Imperial Napoleon III de Fontainebleau (Fontainebleau Theatre Napoleon III), 1853-1856, by Hector Lefuel, lit by the original lightings of the 19th century, Fontainebleau, Seine-et-Marne, France. Restoration of the theatre began in Spring 2013 thanks to an agreement between the Emirate of Abu Dhabi and the French Governement dedicating 5 M€ to the restoration.  In recognition of the sponsorship by the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, French Governement decided to rename the theatre as "Theatre Cheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan" (Cheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan Theatre). The achievement of a first stage of renovation will allow the opening of the theatre to the public on May 3, 2014. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC352.jpg
  • Detaiil of vaulted ceiling, capital and column, with drapery, in the balcony, Theatre Imperial Napoleon III de Fontainebleau (Fontainebleau Theatre Napoleon III), 1853-1856, by Hector Lefuel, lit by the original lightings of the 19th century, Fontainebleau, Seine-et-Marne, France. Restoration of the theatre began in Spring 2013 thanks to an agreement between the Emirate of Abu Dhabi and the French Governement dedicating 5 M€ to the restoration.  In recognition of the sponsorship by the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, French Governement decided to rename the theatre as "Theatre Cheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan" (Cheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan Theatre). The achievement of a first stage of renovation will allow the opening of the theatre to the public on May 3, 2014. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC353.jpg
  • Ceiling and original chandelier and lights from the 19th century, Theatre Imperial Napoleon III de Fontainebleau (Fontainebleau Theatre Napoleon III), 1853-1856, by Hector Lefuel, Fontainebleau, Seine-et-Marne, France. Restoration of the theatre began in Spring 2013 thanks to an agreement between the Emirate of Abu Dhabi and the French Governement dedicating 5 M€ to the restoration.  In recognition of the sponsorship by the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, French Governement decided to rename the theatre as "Theatre Cheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan" (Cheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan Theatre). The achievement of a first stage of renovation will allow the opening of the theatre to the public on May 3, 2014. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC355.jpg
  • Detail of woodwork pillars hanging the lightings of the first floor balcony, Theatre Imperial Napoleon III de Fontainebleau (Fontainebleau Theatre Napoleon III), 1853-1856, by Hector Lefuel, lit by the original lightings of the 19th century, Fontainebleau, Seine-et-Marne, France. Restoration of the theatre began in Spring 2013 thanks to an agreement between the Emirate of Abu Dhabi and the French Governement dedicating 5 M€ to the restoration.  In recognition of the sponsorship by the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, French Governement decided to rename the theatre as "Theatre Cheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan" (Cheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan Theatre). The achievement of a first stage of renovation will allow the opening of the theatre to the public on May 3, 2014. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC354.jpg
  • Entrance to Tour de la Dame Blanche or White Lady Tower, Puilaurens Castle, Chateau de Puilaurens, Cathar castle, Lapradelle-Puilaurens, Boulzane Valley, Aude, France.  Also called Puylaurens, or lo Castel de Pueg-Laurenc in Occitan, this 12th century ruined castle had belonged to the Abbey of Saint-Michel de Cuxa before being acquired by the Queen of Aragon in 1162. It changed hands many times during the Albigensian Crusade. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC065.jpg
  • Lower Castle, Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC088.jpg
  • Buttress of Lower Castle, Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC055.jpg
  • An entrance door to the Lower Castle and above, view of Chapelle San Jordi (left) and High Castle (right), Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC056.jpg
  • Enrance of Queribus Castle viewed from the inside, Queribus Castle or Chateau de Queribus, Cathar Castle, Cucugnan, Corbieres, Aude, France. The castle, built from 13th to 16th centuries, is considered the last Cathar stronghold. It sits on a high peak at 728m. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "Cinq Fils de Carcassonne". It is a listed monument historique and has been fully restored, restoration work being completed in 2002. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC036.jpg
  • Lower Castle, Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC019.jpg
  • Church Sainte Marie de Peyrepertuse, Lower Castle, Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC002.jpg
  • Aguilar Castle, Chateau d'Aguilar, Cathar Castle, Tuchan, Corbieres, Aude, France. The castle consists of an inner keep built in the 12th century, surrounded by an outer pentagonal fortification from the 13th century with semi-circular guard towers, and is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne". It is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC104.jpg
  • Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. View from a distance showing steep cliffs which act as a natural defense. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC105.jpg
  • Keep of Arques Castle or Chateau d'Arques, Cathar castle, Arques, Aude, France. This ruined castle was completed in the 14th century by Gilles II de Voisins and consists of a 25m high square keep with 4 turrets, surrounded by a square enceinte with some remaining buildings. It is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC099.jpg
  • Arques Castle or Chateau d'Arques, Cathar castle, Arques, Aude, France. This ruined castle was completed in the 14th century by Gilles II de Voisins and consists of a 25m high square keep with 4 turrets, surrounded by a square enceinte with some remaining buildings. It is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC098.jpg
  • Aguilar Castle, Chateau d'Aguilar, Cathar Castle, Tuchan, Corbieres, Aude, France. The castle consists of an inner keep built in the 12th century, surrounded by an outer pentagonal fortification from the 13th century with semi-circular guard towers, and is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne". It is a listed monument historique. View from distance showing hilltop location. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC082.jpg
  • Aguilar Castle, Chateau d'Aguilar, Cathar Castle, Tuchan, Corbieres, Aude, France. The castle consists of an inner keep built in the 12th century, surrounded by an outer pentagonal fortification from the 13th century with semi-circular guard towers, and is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne". It is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC083.jpg
  • Lower Castle, Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC084.jpg
  • View of Lower Castle, Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC085.jpg
  • Aguilar Castle, Chateau d'Aguilar, Cathar Castle, Tuchan, Corbieres, Aude, France. The castle consists of an inner keep built in the 12th century, surrounded by an outer pentagonal fortification from the 13th century with semi-circular guard towers, and is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne". It is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC073.jpg
  • Aguilar Castle, Chateau d'Aguilar, Cathar Castle, Tuchan, Corbieres, Aude, France. The castle consists of an inner keep built in the 12th century, surrounded by an outer pentagonal fortification from the 13th century with semi-circular guard towers, and is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne". It is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC074.jpg
  • Aguilar Castle, Chateau d'Aguilar, Cathar Castle, Tuchan, Corbieres, Aude, France. The castle consists of an inner keep built in the 12th century, surrounded by an outer pentagonal fortification from the 13th century with semi-circular guard towers, and is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne". It is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC075.jpg
  • Aguilar Castle, Chateau d'Aguilar, Cathar Castle, Tuchan, Corbieres, Aude, France. The castle consists of an inner keep built in the 12th century, surrounded by an outer pentagonal fortification from the 13th century with semi-circular guard towers, and is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne". It is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC076.jpg
  • Aguilar Castle, Chateau d'Aguilar, Cathar Castle, Tuchan, Corbieres, Aude, France. The castle consists of an inner keep built in the 12th century, surrounded by an outer pentagonal fortification from the 13th century with semi-circular guard towers, and is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne". It is a listed monument historique. View from distance showing hilltop location. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC077.jpg
  • Aguilar Castle, Chateau d'Aguilar, Cathar Castle, Tuchan, Corbieres, Aude, France. The castle consists of an inner keep built in the 12th century, surrounded by an outer pentagonal fortification from the 13th century with semi-circular guard towers, and is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne". It is a listed monument historique. View from distance showing hilltop location. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC081.jpg
  • Puilaurens Castle, Chateau de Puilaurens, Cathar castle, Lapradelle-Puilaurens, Boulzane Valley, Aude, France.  Also called Puylaurens, or lo Castel de Pueg-Laurenc in Occitan, this 12th century ruined castle had belonged to the Abbey of Saint-Michel de Cuxa before being acquired by the Queen of Aragon in 1162. It changed hands many times during the Albigensian Crusade. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC062.jpg
  • Sunset over Queribus Castle or Chateau de Queribus, Cathar Castle, Cucugnan, Corbieres, Aude, France.  This castle, built from 13th to 16th centuries, is considered the last Cathar stronghold. It sits on a high peak at 728m. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "Cinq Fils de Carcassonne". It is a listed monument historique and has been fully restored, restoration work being completed in 2002. The castle and hill are here silhouetted against the sunset. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC039.jpg
  • Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. View from a distance showing steep cliffs which act as a natural defense. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC013.jpg
  • Buttress of Lower Castle (right) and in the distance, Chapelle San Jordi (left) and High Castle (right), Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC060.jpg
  • Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Panoramic view showing steep cliffs which are a natural defense. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC093.jpg
  • Padern Castle or Chateau de Padern, 12th century Cathar castle, Padern, Corbieres, Aude, France. This nighttime view shows the castle illuminated against the night sky. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC091.jpg
  • Lower Castle, Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC051.jpg
  • Lower Castle, Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC052.jpg
  • Lower Castle, Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC053.jpg
  • Chapelle San Jordi (High Castle) and Lower Castle in the distance, Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Evening view showing Pyrenees in the distance. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC040.jpg
  • Old keep of the Lower Castle, Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. This view shows steep cliffs which act as natural defenses. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC014.jpg
  • Chapelle San Jordi (left) and High Castle (right), Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC101.jpg
  • Lower Castle, Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC100.jpg
  • Chapelle San Jordi (left) and High Castle (right) seen through the door of a watchtower of the Lower Castle, Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC047.jpg
  • Keep seen from the court of the castle, Puilaurens Castle, Chateau de Puilaurens, Cathar castle, Lapradelle-Puilaurens, Boulzane Valley, Aude, France.  Also called Puylaurens, or lo Castel de Pueg-Laurenc in Occitan, this 12th century ruined castle had belonged to the Abbey of Saint-Michel de Cuxa before being acquired by the Queen of Aragon in 1162. It changed hands many times during the Albigensian Crusade. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC066.jpg
  • Puilaurens Castle, Chateau de Puilaurens, Cathar castle, Lapradelle-Puilaurens, Boulzane Valley, Aude, France.  Also called Puylaurens, or lo Castel de Pueg-Laurenc in Occitan, this 12th century ruined castle had belonged to the Abbey of Saint-Michel de Cuxa before being acquired by the Queen of Aragon in 1162. It changed hands many times during the Albigensian Crusade. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC067.jpg
  • Puilaurens Castle, Chateau de Puilaurens, Cathar castle, Lapradelle-Puilaurens, Boulzane Valley, Aude, France.  Also called Puylaurens, or lo Castel de Pueg-Laurenc in Occitan, this 12th century ruined castle had belonged to the Abbey of Saint-Michel de Cuxa before being acquired by the Queen of Aragon in 1162. It changed hands many times during the Albigensian Crusade. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC068.jpg
  • Arques Castle or Chateau d'Arques, Cathar castle, Arques, Aude, France. This ruined castle was completed in the 14th century by Gilles II de Voisins and consists of a 25m high square keep with 4 turrets, surrounded by a square enceinte with some remaining buildings. It is a listed monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC037.jpg
  • Chapelle San Jordi (left) and High Castle (right), Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. This view shows the steep cliffs which are a natural defense. Evening view with golden light and moonrise. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC041.jpg
  • Chapelle San Jordi (left) and High Castle (right), Peyrepertuse Castle or Chateau Pierre Pertuse, Cathar Castle, Duilhac-sous-Peyrepertuse, Corbieres, Aude, France. This castle consists of a Lower Castle built by the Kings of Aragon in the 11th century and a High Castle built by Louis IX in the 13th century, joined by a huge staircase. Its name means pierced rock in Occitan and it has been associated with the Counts of Narbonne and Barcelona. It is one of the "Five Sons of Carcassonne" or "cinq fils de Carcassonne" and is a listed monument historique. Evening view with moonrise. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC043.jpg
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