manuel cohen

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  • Rooftop view of a Modernist courtyard, Tortosa, Tarragona, Spain. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCSPAIN11_MC172.jpg
  • View over Paris, with the Batignolles cemetery, seen from the panoramic lift on the 18th floor of the new law courts or Tribunal de Paris, designed by Renzo Piano and built 2014-17 on the Avenue de la Porte de Clichy, in the 17th arrondissement of Paris, France. It contains the high court of Paris, the police court, the public prosecution service and all Parisian district courts. It is 38 storeys high and resembles 3 stacked blocks reducing in size with height on top of the main building, with planted terraces on each roof. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_PARIS_MC_0718.jpg
  • View of the city of Rouen, with Rouen Cathedral or the Cathedrale de Notre Dame de Rouen, built 12th century in Gothic style, with work continuing through the 13th and 14th centuries, and bottom right, the Church of Saint Maclou, a 15th century Gothic church, Rouen, Normandy, France. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0006.jpg
  • View of the city of Rouen, with the river Seine on the left and on the right, Rouen Cathedral or the Cathedrale de Notre Dame de Rouen, built 12th century in Gothic style, with work continuing through the 13th and 14th centuries, and the Church of Saint Maclou, a 15th century Gothic church, Rouen, Normandy, France. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0005.jpg
  • View of the city of Rouen, with Rouen Cathedral or the Cathedrale de Notre Dame de Rouen, built 12th century in Gothic style, with work continuing through the 13th and 14th centuries, and bottom right, the Church of Saint Maclou, a 15th century Gothic church, Rouen, Normandy, France. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0004.jpg
  • View of the city of Rouen, with the river Seine on the left and on the right, Rouen Cathedral or the Cathedrale de Notre Dame de Rouen, built 12th century in Gothic style, with work continuing through the 13th and 14th centuries, and the Church of Saint Maclou, a 15th century Gothic church, Rouen, Normandy, France. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0003.jpg
  • View of the city of Rouen, with Rouen Cathedral or the Cathedrale de Notre Dame de Rouen, built 12th century in Gothic style, with work continuing through the 13th and 14th centuries, and bottom right, the Church of Saint Maclou, a 15th century Gothic church, Rouen, Normandy, France. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0002.jpg
  • View of the city of Rouen, with Rouen Cathedral or the Cathedrale de Notre Dame de Rouen, built 12th century in Gothic style, with work continuing through the 13th and 14th centuries, and bottom right, the Church of Saint Maclou, a 15th century Gothic church, Rouen, Normandy, France. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0001.jpg
  • PARIS, FRANCE - JANUARY 19: A high angle view of the Funicular Railway on January 19, 2009, in Montmartre, Paris, France. The train passes the camera in a streak of light down the hill beside a staircase bordered by trees and streetlights on a winter evening. The Funicular Railway originally opened in 1900 and was rebuilt in 1990. (Photo by Manuel Cohen)
    DPARIS_09_10_142.JPG
  • PARIS, FRANCE - JANUARY 20: A high angle view of the Montmartre hill staircase on January 20, 2009, in Montmartre, Paris, France. On a cold winter morning the  staircase, bordered by trees and streetlights, descends the hill. (Photo by Manuel Cohen)
    DPARIS_09_10_126.JPG
  • High angle view of from the side of the Theatre, c. 40-60 AD, Segobriga, Spain, pictured on April 13, 2006, in the afternoon. Seating 2,000 people, the raked auditorium surrounds a semi-circular stage. The theatre was decorated with ornate columns and statues whose ruins remain. Segobriga was founded by the Romans in the 1st century BC, after the Punic wars, and the town was developed during the reign of  Augustus. It became an important administrative centre whose local industry was mining 'specularis lapis', a crystallized sheet gypsum used for window glass. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_SPAIN_06_MC038.jpg
  • High angle view of the Zoo from the Grand Rocher (Great Rock), with the Paris skyline in the background, Parc Zoologique de Paris, or Zoo de Vincennes, (Zoological Gardens of Paris, also known as Vincennes Zoo), 1934, by Charles Letrosne, 12th arrondissement, Paris, France, pictured on November 19, 2010, in the afternoon. In November 2008 the 15 hectare Zoo, part of the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (National Museum of Natural History) closed its doors to the public and renovation works will start in September 2011. The Zoo is scheduled to re-open in April 2014. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    PZP_Memoire_MCohen001.jpg
  • High angle view of vats, Chouara Tannery, Fez, Morocco, pictured on February 25, 2009 in the evening. The Chouara tannery is the largest of the four ancient tanneries in the Medina of Fez where the traditional work of the tanners has remained unchanged since the 14th century. It is composed of numerous dried-earth pits where raw skins are treated, pounded, scraped and dyed. Tanners work in vats filled with various coloured liquid dyes derived from plant sources. Colours change every two weeks, poppy flower for red, mint for green, indigo for blue, chedar tree for brown and saffron for yellow. Fez, Morocco's second largest city, and one of the four imperial cities, was founded in 789 by Idris I on the banks of the River Fez. The oldest university in the world is here and the city is still the Moroccan cultural and spiritual centre. Fez has three sectors: the oldest part, the walled city of Fes-el-Bali, houses Morocco's largest medina and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site;  Fes-el-Jedid was founded in 1244 as a new capital by the Merenid dynasty, and contains the Mellah, or Jewish quarter; Ville Nouvelle was built by the French who took over most of Morocco in 1912 and transferred the capital to Rabat. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCMOROCCO_FEB09_MC0103.jpg
  • High angle view of worker in dye pit, Chouara Tannery, Fez, Morocco, pictured on February 25, 2009 in the evening. The Chouara tannery is the largest of the four ancient tanneries in the Medina of Fez where the traditional work of the tanners has remained unchanged since the 14th century. It is composed of numerous dried-earth pits where raw skins are treated, pounded, scraped and dyed. Tanners work in vats filled with various coloured liquid dyes derived from plant sources. Colours change every two weeks, poppy flower for red, mint for green, indigo for blue, chedar tree for brown and saffron for yellow. Fez, Morocco's second largest city, and one of the four imperial cities, was founded in 789 by Idris I on the banks of the River Fez. The oldest university in the world is here and the city is still the Moroccan cultural and spiritual centre. Fez has three sectors: the oldest part, the walled city of Fes-el-Bali, houses Morocco's largest medina and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site;  Fes-el-Jedid was founded in 1244 as a new capital by the Merenid dynasty, and contains the Mellah, or Jewish quarter; Ville Nouvelle was built by the French who took over most of Morocco in 1912 and transferred the capital to Rabat. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCMOROCCO_FEB09_MC0099.jpg
  • High angle view of workers in the dyeing pits, Chouara Tannery, Fez, Morocco, pictured on February 25, 2009 in the evening. The Chouara tannery is the largest of the four ancient tanneries in the Medina of Fez where the traditional work of the tanners has remained unchanged since the 14th century. It is composed of numerous dried-earth pits where raw skins are treated, pounded, scraped and dyed. Tanners work in vats filled with various coloured liquid dyes derived from plant sources. Colours change every two weeks, poppy flower for red, mint for green, indigo for blue, chedar tree for brown and saffron for yellow. Fez, Morocco's second largest city, and one of the four imperial cities, was founded in 789 by Idris I on the banks of the River Fez. The oldest university in the world is here and the city is still the Moroccan cultural and spiritual centre. Fez has three sectors: the oldest part, the walled city of Fes-el-Bali, houses Morocco's largest medina and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site;  Fes-el-Jedid was founded in 1244 as a new capital by the Merenid dynasty, and contains the Mellah, or Jewish quarter; Ville Nouvelle was built by the French who took over most of Morocco in 1912 and transferred the capital to Rabat. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCMOROCCO_FEB09_MC0088.jpg
  • High angle view of the Temple of Concorde, Frugifer and Liber Pater, 2nd century, in  Dougga, Tunisia, pictured on January 31, 2008, in the morning. Dougga has been occupied since the 2nd Millennium BC, well before the Phoenicians arrived in Tunisia. It was ruled by Carthage from the 4th century BC, then by Numidians, who called it Thugga and finally taken over by the Romans in the 2nd century. Situated in the north of Tunisia, the site became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCTunisia_08_MC_104.jpg
  • High angle view of the Roman cisterns (known on French as "Citernes de la Malga") in Carthage, Tunisia, pictured on January 28, 2008, in the afternoon. Carthage was founded in 814 BC by the Phoenicians who fought three Punic Wars against the Romans over this immensely important Mediterranean harbour. The Romans finally conquered the city in 146 BC. Subsequently it was conquered by the Vandals and the Byzantine Empire. Today it is a UNESCO World Heritage. The 24 large Roman cisterns were supplied with water by the aqueduct, built in the 2nd century by the emperor Hadrian. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCTunisia_08_MC_043.jpg
  • High angle view of Punic houses on Byrsa Hill, Carthage, Tunisia, pictured on January 28, 2008, in the morning. Carthage was founded in 814 BC by the Phoenicians, according to legend. The Phoenicians and Romans fought three Punic Wars over the this immensely important Mediterranean harbour. Their most famous generals were the Phoenician Hannibal (247-c.183 BC) and Scipio Africanus (235-183 BC) who led the Romans in the 2nd Punic War. The Romans finally conquered and destroyed the original city in 146 BC. Soon another city was built in its place, whose ruins are still to be seen. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCTunisia_08_MC_036.jpg
  • High angle view of the Tophet (children's graveyard), Carthage, Tunisia, pictured on January 27, 2008, in the afternoon. Carthage was founded in 814 BC by the Phoenicians who fought three Punic Wars against the Romans over this immensely important Mediterranean harbour. The Romans finally conquered the city in 146 BC. Subsequently it was conquered by the Vandals and the Byzantine Empire. Today it is a UNESCO World Heritage. The Tophet was used from 7th century BC until the fall of Carthage. The name and excavations suggest that children were sacrificed here. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCTunisia_08_MC_033.jpg
  • High angle view of the Zoo from the Grand Rocher (Great Rock), with the Big Cat House at bottom right, Parc Zoologique de Paris, or Zoo de Vincennes, (Zoological Gardens of Paris, also known as Vincennes Zoo), 1934, by Charles Letrosne, 12th arrondissement, Paris, France, pictured on November 19, 2010, in the afternoon. In November 2008 the 15 hectare Zoo, part of the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (National Museum of Natural History) closed its doors to the public and renovation works will start in September 2011. The Zoo is scheduled to re-open in April 2014. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    PZP_Memoire_MCohen002.jpg
  • High angle view of Parc Zoologique de Paris, or Zoo de Vincennes, (Zoological Gardens of Paris, also known as Vincennes Zoo), 1934, by Charles Letrosne, 12th arrondissement, Paris, France, pictured on June 28, 2011 in the morning. In November 2008 the 15 hectare Zoo, part of the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (National Museum of Natural History) closed its doors to the public and renovation works will start in September 2011. The Zoo is scheduled to re-open in April 2014. Picture by Manuel Cohen .
    IMG_9221.jpg
  • High angle view of dyeing pits, Chourara Tannery, Fez, Morocco, pictured on February 25, 2009 in the evening. Arms and legs working together to remove skins from the dyeing pit at the Chouara tannery which is the largest of the four ancient tanneries in the Medina of Fez where the traditional work of the tanners has remained unchanged since the 14th century. It is composed of numerous dried-earth pits where raw skins are treated, pounded, scraped and dyed. Tanners work in vats filled with various coloured liquid dyes derived from plant sources. Colours change every two weeks, poppy flower for red, mint for green, indigo for blue, chedar tree for brown and saffron for yellow. Fez, Morocco's second largest city, and one of the four imperial cities, was founded in 789 by Idris I on the banks of the River Fez. The oldest university in the world is here and the city is still the Moroccan cultural and spiritual centre. Fez has three sectors: the oldest part, the walled city of Fes-el-Bali, houses Morocco's largest medina and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site;  Fes-el-Jedid was founded in 1244 as a new capital by the Merenid dynasty, and contains the Mellah, or Jewish quarter; Ville Nouvelle was built by the French who took over most of Morocco in 1912 and transferred the capital to Rabat. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCMOROCCO_FEB09_MC0104.jpg
  • High angle view of a tanner, climbing from a pit; his legs and arms are still dripping with poppy flower dye whose colour blends with the sunlight, Chouara Tannery, Fez, Morocco, pictured on February 25, 2009 in the evening. The Chouara tannery is the largest of the four ancient tanneries in the Medina of Fez where the traditional work of the tanners has remained unchanged since the 14th century. It is composed of numerous dried-earth pits where raw skins are treated, pounded, scraped and dyed. Tanners work in vats filled with various coloured liquid dyes derived from plant sources. Colours change every two weeks, poppy flower for red, mint for green, indigo for blue, chedar tree for brown and saffron for yellow. Fez, Morocco's second largest city, and one of the four imperial cities, was founded in 789 by Idris I on the banks of the River Fez. The oldest university in the world is here and the city is still the Moroccan cultural and spiritual centre. Fez has three sectors: the oldest part, the walled city of Fes-el-Bali, houses Morocco's largest medina and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site;  Fes-el-Jedid was founded in 1244 as a new capital by the Merenid dynasty, and contains the Mellah, or Jewish quarter; Ville Nouvelle was built by the French who took over most of Morocco in 1912 and transferred the capital to Rabat. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCMOROCCO_FEB09_MC0101.jpg
  • High angle view from behind of a tanner standing by the pits with a dry skin whose stiffness almost suggests movement, Chouara Tannery, Fez, Morocco, pictured on February 25, 2009 in the evening. The Chouara tannery is the largest of the four ancient tanneries in the Medina of Fez where the traditional work of the tanners has remained unchanged since the 14th century. It is composed of numerous dried-earth pits where raw skins are treated, pounded, scraped and dyed. Tanners work in vats filled with various coloured liquid dyes derived from plant sources. Colours change every two weeks, poppy flower for red, mint for green, indigo for blue, chedar tree for brown and saffron for yellow. Fez, Morocco's second largest city, and one of the four imperial cities, was founded in 789 by Idris I on the banks of the River Fez. The oldest university in the world is here and the city is still the Moroccan cultural and spiritual centre. Fez has three sectors: the oldest part, the walled city of Fes-el-Bali, houses Morocco's largest medina and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site;  Fes-el-Jedid was founded in 1244 as a new capital by the Merenid dynasty, and contains the Mellah, or Jewish quarter; Ville Nouvelle was built by the French who took over most of Morocco in 1912 and transferred the capital to Rabat. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCMOROCCO_FEB09_MC0089.jpg
  • High angle view of tanners in the dyeing pits, Chouara tannery, Fez, Morocco pictured on February 25, 2009 in the evening. Arms and legs are working together to remove the skins from the dyeing pit. The Chouara tannery is the largest of the four ancient tanneries in the Medina of Fez where the traditional work of the tanners has remained unchanged since the 14th century. It is composed of numerous dried-earth pits where raw skins are treated, pounded, scraped and dyed. Tanners work in vats filled with various coloured liquid dyes derived from plant sources. Colours change every two weeks, poppy flower for red, mint for green, indigo for blue, chedar tree for brown and saffron for yellow. Fez, Morocco's second largest city, and one of the four imperial cities, was founded in 789 by Idris I on the banks of the River Fez. The oldest university in the world is here and the city is still the Moroccan cultural and spiritual centre. Fez has three sectors: the oldest part, the walled city of Fes-el-Bali, houses Morocco's largest medina and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site;  Fes-el-Jedid was founded in 1244 as a new capital by the Merenid dynasty, and contains the Mellah, or Jewish quarter; Ville Nouvelle was built by the French who took over most of Morocco in 1912 and transferred the capital to Rabat. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCMOROCCO_FEB09_MC0087.jpg
  • High angle view of the public lavatories in the Baths of the Cyclopes, 3rd century, in Dougga, Tunisia, pictured on January 31, 2008, in the afternoon.  Dougga has been occupied since the 2nd Millenium BC, well before the Phoenicians arrived in Tunisia. It was ruled by Carthage from the 4th century BC, then by Numidians, who called it Thugga and finally taken over by the Romans in the 2nd century. Situated in the north of Tunisia, the site became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCTunisia_08_MC_146.jpg
  • High angle view of a mosaic floor in the House of Venus, Dougga, Tunisia, pictured on January 31, 2008, in the afternoon. Dougga has been occupied since the 2nd Millenium BC, well before the Phoenicians arrived in Tunisia. It was ruled by Carthage from the 4th century BC, then by Numidians, who called it Thugga and finally taken over by the Romans in the 2nd century. Situated in the north of Tunisia, the site became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCTunisia_08_MC_143.jpg
  • High angle view of the House Omnia Tibi Felicia, Dougga, Tunisia, pictured on January 31, 2008, in the afternoon. Dougga has been occupied since the 2nd Millennium BC, well before the Phoenicians arrived in Tunisia. It was ruled by Carthage from the 4th century BC, then by Numidians, who called it Thugga and finally taken over by the Romans in the 2nd century. Situated in the north of Tunisia, the site became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. Apparently, the House of the Omnia tibi Felicia was the town's brothel. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCTunisia_08_MC_126.jpg
  • High angle view of a private lavatory in the Baths of the Cyclopes, 3rd century, in Dougga, Tunisia, pictured on January 31, 2008, in the afternoon. Dougga has been occupied since the 2nd Millenium BC, well before the Phoenicians arrived in Tunisia. It was ruled by Carthage from the 4th century BC, then by Numidians, who called it Thugga and finally taken over by the Romans in the 2nd century. Situated in the north of Tunisia, the site became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCTunisia_08_MC_118.jpg
  • High angle view of a strongbox in the garden of the Villa of the Aviary Carthage, Tunisia, pictured on January 30, 2008, in the morning. Carthage was founded in 814 BC by the Phoenicians who fought three Punic Wars against the Romans over this immensely important Mediterranean harbour. The Romans finally conquered the city in 146 BC. Subsequently it was conquered by the Vandals and the Byzantine Empire. Today the site is a UNESCO World Heritage. The Roman Villa of the Aviary, with its octagonal garden set in a peristyle courtyard, is known for its fine mosaics depicting birds. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCTunisia_08_MC_075.jpg
  • High angle view of the Roman cisterns (known on French as "Citernes de la Malga") in Carthage, Tunisia, pictured on January 27, 2008, in the morning. Carthage was founded in 814 BC by the Phoenicians who fought three Punic Wars against the Romans over this immensely important Mediterranean harbour. The Romans finally conquered the city in 146 BC. Subsequently it was conquered by the Vandals and the Byzantine Empire. Today it is a UNESCO World Heritage. The 24 large Roman cisterns where supplied with water from the Roman aqueduct, built in the 2nd century by the emperor Hadrian. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCTunisia_08_MC_069.jpg
  • High angle view of ruins on Byrsa Hill, Carthage, Tunisia, pictured on January 29, 2008, in the morning. Carthage was founded in 814 BC by the Phoenicians who fought three Punic Wars against the Romans over this immensely important Mediterranean harbour. The Romans finally conquered the city in 146 BC. Subsequently it was conquered by the Vandals and the Byzantine Empire. Today it is a UNESCO World Heritage. Byrsa Hill was the origin of the Punic settlement and it is named after the citadel which was built on top of it, overlooking the ancient Punic city. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCTunisia_08_MC_051.jpg
  • High angle view of a Punic House in the Mago Quarter, Carthage, Tunisia, pictured on January 27, 2008, in the afternoon. Carthage was founded in 814 BC by the Phoenicians who fought three Punic Wars against the Romans over this immensely important Mediterranean harbour. The Romans finally conquered the city in 146 BC. Subsequently it was conquered by the Vandals and the Byzantine Empire. Today the site is a UNESCO World Heritage. Fine Punic craftwork is preserved in Houses and Villas in the Mago Quarter. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCTunisia_08_MC_028.jpg
  • High angle view of the Decumanus below the Villa of the Aviary, Carthage, Tunisia, pictured on January 28, 2008, in the afternoon. Carthage was founded in 814 BC by the Phoenicians who fought three Punic Wars against the Romans over this immensely important Mediterranean harbour. The Romans finally conquered the city in 146 BC. Subsequently it was conquered by the Vandals and the Byzantine Empire. Today the site is a UNESCO World Heritage. The Roman Villa of the Aviary, with its octagonal garden set in a peristyle courtyard, is known for its fine mosaics depicting birds. The Roman Villas were constructed on the site of a Punic cemetery. A Decumanus is an east-west orientated road through a Roman city. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCTunisia_08_MC_023.jpg
  • High angle view of Roman Theatre, 2nd century AD, Carthage, Tunisia, pictured on January 27, 2008, in the afternoon. Carthage was founded in 814 BC by the Phoenicians who fought three Punic Wars against the Romans over this immensely important Mediterranean harbour. The Romans finally conquered the city in 146 BC. Subsequently it was conquered by the Vandals and the Byzantine Empire. It is now a UNESCO World Heritage site. This 10,000 seat theatre was probably built in the mid 2nd century. The tiered seats are supported by vaults rather than leaning directly on the hillside behind. Destroyed by Vandals in the 5th century and excavated in the late 19th-early 20th centuries, it now again hosts theatre performances and music festivals. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCTunisia_08_MC_026.jpg
  • High angle view of the Zoo from the Grand Rocher (Great Rock), with the Big Cat House at bottom right, Parc Zoologique de Paris, or Zoo de Vincennes, (Zoological Gardens of Paris, also known as Vincennes Zoo), 1934, by Charles Letrosne, 12th arrondissement, Paris, France, pictured on November 19, 2010, in the afternoon. In November 2008 the 15 hectare Zoo, part of the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (National Museum of Natural History) closed its doors to the public and renovation works will start in September 2011. The Zoo is scheduled to re-open in April 2014. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    01PZP11_VincennesZoo_Mnhn024.jpg
  • Low angle view of the Arch of Septimius Severus, 205 A.D., with the landscape in the background, in Dougga, Tunisia, pictured on January 31, 2008, in the afternoon. Dougga has been occupied since the 2nd Millennium BC, well before the Phoenicians arrived in Tunisia. It was ruled by Carthage from the 4th century BC, then by Numidians, who called it Thugga and finally taken over by the Romans in the 2nd century. Situated in the north of Tunisia, the site became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. The arch of the Roman emperor was constructed in 205 A.D. to commemorate the town's new status of Municipium. This status granted self-governance and full rights of Roman citizenship for its people. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCTunisia_08_MC_120.jpg
  • High angle view of Piazza delle Erbe from the Lamberti tower, Verona, Italy. The Piazza delle Erbe (Square of Herbs) stands on the old Roman Forum, and remains the centre of city life. The 14th century Gardello Tower and the Baroque Palazzo Maffei are overlooking the square. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_ITALY_11071.jpg
  • High angle view, interior, New Cathedral, Salamanca, Spain, pictured on December 19, 2010, showing the elegant high pillars supporting the decorated ceiling which leads to the Cupola. In the foreground is an elaborately carved screen. Salamanca, Spain's most important University city,  has two adjoining Cathedrals, Old and New. The old Romanesque Cathedral was begun in the 12th century, and the new in the 16th century. Its style was designed to be Gothic rather than Renaissance in keeping with its older neighbour, but building continued over several centuries and a Baroque cupola was added in the 18th century. Restoration was necessary after the great Lisbon earthquake, 1755. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCSPAIN10_MC008.jpg
  • High angle view of the Basilica of Saint Anastasia, c.1290-1400, by the Dominican friars Fra' Benvenuto da Imola and Fra' Nicola da Imola, Verona, Italy, with the Torre dei Lamberti (Lamberti Tower), 12th century, behind, and the city stetching out towards the skyline in the background.  The brick built Sant'Anastasia is Italian Gothic in style. It was restored 1878-81. Construction of the 84 metre high brick, tuff brick and marble Lamberti Tower began in 1172. Lightening knocked off the top of the tower in 1403, and it was restored and raised from 1448 to 1463-64. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_ITALY_11068.jpg
  • High angle view of the Chouara Tannery, Fez, Morocco, pictured on February 22, 2009 in the morning. The Chouara tannery is the largest of the four ancient tanneries in the Medina of Fez where the traditional work of the tanners has remained unchanged since the 14th century. It is composed of numerous dried-earth pits where raw skins are treated, pounded, scraped and dyed. Tanners work in vats filled with various coloured liquid dyes derived from plant sources. Colours change every two weeks, poppy flower for red, mint for green, indigo for blue, chedar tree for brown and saffron for yellow. Fez, Morocco's second largest city, and one of the four imperial cities, was founded in 789 by Idris I on the banks of the River Fez. The oldest university in the world is here and the city is still the Moroccan cultural and spiritual centre. Fez has three sectors: the oldest part, the walled city of Fes-el-Bali, houses Morocco's largest medina and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site;  Fes-el-Jedid was founded in 1244 as a new capital by the Merenid dynasty, and contains the Mellah, or Jewish quarter; Ville Nouvelle was built by the French who took over most of Morocco in 1912 and transferred the capital to Rabat. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCMOROCCO_FEB09_MC0027.jpg
  • High angle view of vats, Chouara tannery, Fez, Morocco, pictured on February 22, 2009 in the morning. The Chouara tannery is the largest of the four ancient tanneries in the Medina of Fez where the traditional work of the tanners has remained unchanged since the 14th century. It is composed of numerous dried-earth pits where raw skins are treated, pounded, scraped and dyed. Tanners work in vats filled with various coloured liquid dyes derived from plant sources. Colours change every two weeks, poppy flower for red, mint for green, indigo for blue, chedar tree for brown and saffron for yellow. Fez, Morocco's second largest city, and one of the four imperial cities, was founded in 789 by Idris I on the banks of the River Fez. The oldest university in the world is here and the city is still the Moroccan cultural and spiritual centre. Fez has three sectors: the oldest part, the walled city of Fes-el-Bali, houses Morocco's largest medina and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site;  Fes-el-Jedid was founded in 1244 as a new capital by the Merenid dynasty, and contains the Mellah, or Jewish quarter; Ville Nouvelle was built by the French who took over most of Morocco in 1912 and transferred the capital to Rabat. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCMOROCCO_FEB09_MC0022.jpg
  • High angle rooftop view of the Medina, Fez, Morocco, pictured on February 20, 2009 in the evening. Fez, Morocco's second largest city, and one of the four imperial cities, was founded in 789 by Idris I on the banks of the River Fez. The oldest university in the world is here and the city is still the Moroccan cultural and spiritual centre. Fez has three sectors: the oldest part, the walled city of Fes-el-Bali, houses Morocco's largest medina and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site;  Fes-el-Jedid was founded in 1244 as a new capital by the Merenid dynasty, and contains the Mellah, or Jewish quarter; Ville Nouvelle was built by the French who took over most of Morocco in 1912 and transferred the capital to Rabat. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCMOROCCO_FEB09_MC0001.jpg
  • High angle view of the Torre di Guardia (Watch Tower), Il Ponte Pietra (Stone Bridge, Pons Marmoreus), 100 BC, across the Adige River, Verona, Italy. The Torre di Guardia was built in the 13th century by Alberto I della Scala to defend the bridge. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of Theatre, c. 40-60 AD, Segobriga, Spain, pictured on April 13, 2006, lit by the sunset. Seating 2,000 people, the raked auditorium surrounds a semi-circular stage. The theatre was decorated with ornate columns and statues whose ruins remain. Segobriga was founded by the Romans in the 1st century BC, after the Punic wars, and the town was developed during the reign of  Augustus. It became an important administrative centre whose local industry was mining ëspecularis lapisí, a crystallized sheet gypsum used for window glass. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view across the Forum, 1st century AD, Segobriga, Spain, pictured on April 13, 2006, in the afternoon. The forum, or central public space of the town, accessed by a grand staircase, is still well paved and has an inscription to Spantamicus Proculus, who commissioned it. All around the square are ruined columns, the remains of the basilica and temple of the Imperial-cult. Segobriga was founded by the Romans in the 1st century BC, after the Punic wars, and the town was developed during the reign of  Augustus. It became an important administrative centre whose local industry was mining 'specularis lapis', a crystallized sheet gypsum used for window glass. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of Cathedral and Castle, Albarracin, Teruel, Spain, on February 13, 2006, pictured in the morning. The Cathedral, 1572-1600, was built by Martin de Castaneda, Pierres Vedel, and Alonso del Barrio de Ajo, in the Levantine Gothic style. At the top of the village is the 10th century Moorish castle, reached through cobbled streets of  houses constructed of wood and plaster with small windows. Albarracin, a beautiful village with National Monument status overlooking the Guadalivar River, lies 28 km from Teruel, in the National Park in the Montes Universales. It is on the border of three Spanish Kingdoms: Castille, Aragon and Valencia, has been occupied for hundreds of years and is known as the Eagles` Nest because it is built on a steep outcrop of rock surrounded by a deep gorge, a natural defence. Its buildings show  Moorish influence and even the name may derive from  the Berber clan Banu Razin who settled in the area during the 9th century. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of Amphitheatre, Italica, Seville, Spain, pictured on December 28, 2006, in the afternoon. The Amphitheatre was built during Hadrian's reign and was the third largest in the Roman Empire, with a capacity of 25,000 in three tiers of seating. The cross shaped pit in the centre was for restraining wild animals. Italica was founded by Scipio Africanus in 206 BC as a centre for soldiers wounded in the Battle of Ilipa, a defeat for Carthage during the Punic Wars, and became a military outpost. The name signifies that the original settlers were from an Italian regiment. It was one of the first cities in Roman Hispania and was the birthplace of two Roman Emperors: Trajan (53-117 AD) and Hadrian (76-138 AD). The city declined after the fall of the Roman Empire. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of Amphitheatre, Italica, Seville, Spain, pictured on December 28, 2006, in the afternoon. The Amphitheatre was built during Hadrian's reign and was the third largest in the Roman Empire, with a capacity of 25,000 in three tiers of seating. The cross shaped pit in the centre was for restraining wild animals. Italica was founded by Scipio Africanus in 206 BC as a centre for soldiers wounded in the Battle of Ilipa, a defeat for Carthage during the Punic Wars, and became a military outpost. The name signifies that the original settlers were from an Italian regiment. It was one of the first cities in Roman Hispania and was the birthplace of two Roman Emperors: Trajan (53-117 AD) and Hadrian (76-138 AD). The city declined after the fall of the Roman Empire. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • Catedral Nuestra Senora de la Encarnacion, or the Basilica Cathedral of Santa Maria la Menor, dedicated to St Mary of the Incarnation, built 1514-35 in Renaissance and Gothic style, high angle view towards the apse, in the Colonial Zone of Santo Domingo, capital of the Dominican Republic, in the Caribbean. The building is also known as the Catedral Primada de America as it is the oldest cathedral in the Americas. Santo Domingo's Colonial Zone is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • High angle view of Real Alcazar, Seville, Spain, pictured on December 27, 2006, in the morning. The Real Alacazar was commissioned by Pedro I of Castile in 1364 to be built in the Mudejar style by Moorish craftsmen. The palace, built on the site of an earlier Moorish palace, is a stunning example of the style and a UNESCO World Heritage site. The gardens are a mixture of French, Moorish and Renaissance styles. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of the Mir-i-Arab Madrasah, 1535, (left) and the Kalyan Minaret, 12th century, (right) Bukhara, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 11, 2010 in the afternoon. The Mir-i Arab Madrasah was built by the Shaybany Ubaydallah Khan, and is still a functioning madrasah. The baked brick minaret, commissioned by Arslan Khan and designed by Bako, is 48 metres high and its diametre is 9 metres at the bottom and 6 metres at the top. Bukhara, a city on the Silk Route is about 2500 years old. Its long history is displayed both through the impressive monuments and the overall town planning and architecture. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view, interior, New Cathedral, Salamanca, Spain, pictured on December 19, 2010, showing the elegant high pillars supporting the decorated ceiling which leads to the Cupola. Salamanca, Spain's most important University city,  has two adjoining Cathedrals, Old and New. The old Romanesque Cathedral was begun in the 12th century, and the new in the 16th century. Its style was designed to be Gothic rather than Renaissance in keeping with its older neighbour, but building continued over several centuries and a Baroque cupola was added in the 18th century. Restoration was necessary after the great Lisbon earthquake, 1755. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • High angle view, interior, New Cathedral, Salamanca, Spain, pictured on December 19, 2010, showing the elegant high pillars supporting the decorated ceiling which leads to the Cupola. Salamanca, Spain's most important University city,  has two adjoining Cathedrals, Old and New. The old Romanesque Cathedral was begun in the 12th century, and the new in the 16th century. Its style was designed to be Gothic rather than Renaissance in keeping with its older neighbour, but building continued over several centuries and a Baroque cupola was added in the 18th century. Restoration was necessary after the great Lisbon earthquake, 1755. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • High angle view of Jameos del Agua nightclub, Lanzarote, Canary Islands, Spain, pictured on November 28, 2010. Designed by local artist Cesar Manrique (1919-92) this nightclub and concert venue for 600 people is built into a volcanic cave. Natural waterfalls flow into a pool whilst seating is raked up the opposite wall.  Lanzarote, the Easternmost of the Canary Islands, lies 125km East of the African coast, in the Atlantic Ocean. Like the other islands in this autonomous Spanish archipelago, Lanzarote is originally Volcanic. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of San Lorenzo Mercato Centrale (Central Market), 1870-74, by Giuseppe Mengoni, Florence, Tuscany, Italy, pictured on June 10, 2007, in the afternoon with the surrounding landscape. This elegant cast-iron and glass building still houses a thriving market. Florence, capital of Tuscany, is world famous for its Renaissance art and architecture. Its historical centre was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1982. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view from the Islam Hodja minaret of the Pahlavan Mahmud Mausoleum, 14th-16th centuries, and in the distance the Matniyaz Divan-begi Madrasah, 1871, and the Kalta Minor, 1855, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 4, 2010, at sunrise. The mausoleum centres on the shrine of Pahlavan Mahmud, Khiva's  patron saint , and is also the burial complex of the Qungrat Khans. 19th and 20th century remodeling extended the complex whose blue dome dominates Khiva's skyline rising above its brick building and domes of the adjacent graveyard. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of trench, Ulugh Beg Observatory, 1420s, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 17, 2010. Ulugh Beg built this observatory to advance astronomical study at his Madrasah and appointed Ali Qushji to direct it. Other astronomers associated with the observatory included Qadizada al-Rumi and Jamshid Kashani. Destroyed by religious fanatics in 1449 the observatory was re-discovered in 1908, by V L Vyatkin. One of his most exciting discoveries was the Fakhri sextant, a large arch used for the observation of the Sun, Moon and other celestial bodies, and to determine midday, which was placed in a trench dug into a hill along the line of the Meridian. Samarkand, a city on the Silk Road, founded as Afrosiab in the 7th century BC, is a meeting point for the world's cultures. Its most important development was in the Timurid period, 14th to 15th centuries. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of rocks emerging from the sea, on the beach near Lungomare d'Ortigia, Ortigia, Syracuse, Sicily, pictured on September 14, 2009, in the morning. The island Ortigia is the historic centre of Syracuse. Its two ports, Porto Grande and Porto Piccolo, were important to the Greeks for colonising Sicily and for trade with the Carthaginians. Today the city is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of grate,  Roman drainage system, Italica, Seville, Spain, pictured on December 28, 2006, in the afternoon. An aqueduct supplied fresh water to the city, and underground drains, visible through grates at road intersections, carried away the waste water. Italica was founded by Scipio Africanus in 206 BC as a centre for soldiers wounded in the Battle of Ilipa, a defeat for Carthage during the Punic Wars, and became a military outpost. The name signifies that the original settlers were from an Italian regiment. It was one of the first cities in Roman Hispania and was the birthplace of two Roman Emperors: Trajan (53-117 AD) and Hadrian (76-138 AD). The city declined after the fall of the Roman Empire. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of barefoot worker in vats, Chouara Tannery, Fez, Morocco, pictured on February 23, 2009 in the evening. Skins still dripping with red dye are draped over a wooden beam. The Chouara tannery is the largest of the four ancient tanneries in the Medina of Fez where the traditional work of the tanners has remained unchanged since the 14th century. It is composed of numerous dried-earth pits where raw skins are treated, pounded, scraped and dyed. Tanners work in vats filled with various coloured liquid dyes derived from plant sources. Colours change every two weeks, poppy flower for red, mint for green, indigo for blue, chedar tree for brown and saffron for yellow. Fez, Morocco's second largest city, and one of the four imperial cities, was founded in 789 by Idris I on the banks of the River Fez. The oldest university in the world is here and the city is still the Moroccan cultural and spiritual centre. Fez has three sectors: the oldest part, the walled city of Fes-el-Bali, houses Morocco's largest medina and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site;  Fes-el-Jedid was founded in 1244 as a new capital by the Merenid dynasty, and contains the Mellah, or Jewish quarter; Ville Nouvelle was built by the French who took over most of Morocco in 1912 and transferred the capital to Rabat. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of reflections in the dyeing pits where men are working, Chouara tannery, Fez, Morocco, pictured on February 23, 2009 at sunset. The Chouara tannery is the largest of the four ancient tanneries in the Medina of Fez where the traditional work of the tanners has remained unchanged since the 14th century. It is composed of numerous dried-earth pits where raw skins are treated, pounded, scraped and dyed. Tanners work in vats filled with various coloured liquid dyes derived from plant sources. Colours change every two weeks, poppy flower for red, mint for green, indigo for blue, chedar tree for brown and saffron for yellow. Fez, Morocco's second largest city, and one of the four imperial cities, was founded in 789 by Idris I on the banks of the River Fez. The oldest university in the world is here and the city is still the Moroccan cultural and spiritual centre. Fez has three sectors: the oldest part, the walled city of Fes-el-Bali, houses Morocco's largest medina and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site;  Fes-el-Jedid was founded in 1244 as a new capital by the Merenid dynasty, and contains the Mellah, or Jewish quarter; Ville Nouvelle was built by the French who took over most of Morocco in 1912 and transferred the capital to Rabat. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of Chouara Tannery, Fez, Morocco, pictured on February 23, 2009 in the evening. A lone tanner works in the shade; behind him the crumbling stuccoed walls soak up the sun. The Chouara tannery is the largest of the four ancient tanneries in the Medina of Fez where the traditional work of the tanners has remained unchanged since the 14th century. It is composed of numerous dried-earth pits where raw skins are treated, pounded, scraped and dyed. Tanners work in vats filled with various coloured liquid dyes derived from plant sources. Colours change every two weeks, poppy flower for red, mint for green, indigo for blue, chedar tree for brown and saffron for yellow. Fez, Morocco's second largest city, and one of the four imperial cities, was founded in 789 by Idris I on the banks of the River Fez. The oldest university in the world is here and the city is still the Moroccan cultural and spiritual centre. Fez has three sectors: the oldest part, the walled city of Fes-el-Bali, houses Morocco's largest medina and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site;  Fes-el-Jedid was founded in 1244 as a new capital by the Merenid dynasty, and contains the Mellah, or Jewish quarter; Ville Nouvelle was built by the French who took over most of Morocco in 1912 and transferred the capital to Rabat. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of wall, Gardens, Real Alcazar, Seville, Spain, pictured on December 26, 2006, in the afternoon. The Real Alacazar was commissioned by Pedro I of Castile in 1364 to be built in the Mudejar style by Moorish craftsmen. The palace, built on the site of an earlier Moorish palace, is a stunning example of the style and a UNESCO World Heritage site. The gardens are a mixture of French, Moorish and Renaissance styles. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of Patio de las Doncellas (Courtyard of the Maidens), Real Alcazar, Seville, Spain, pictured on December 26, 2006, in the morning. The Real Alacazar was commissioned by Pedro I of Castile in 1364 to be built in the Mudejar style by Moorish craftsmen. The palace, built on the site of an earlier Moorish palace, is a stunning example of the style and a UNESCO World heritage site. The garden in the Patio is planned according to Moorish custom. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of Patio de las Doncellas (Courtyard of the Maidens), Real Alcazar, Seville, Spain, pictured on December 26, 2006, in the morning. The upper storey of the Patio was built by Luis de Vega under the reign of Charles V, 1540-1572. The Real Alacazar was commissioned by Pedro I of Castile in 1364 to be built in the Mudejar style by Moorish craftsmen. The palace, built on the site of an earlier Moorish palace, is a stunning example of the style and a UNESCO World heritage site. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of the bank of the River Tormes, Salamanca, Spain, pictured on December 18, 2010 at midday. Leafless bushes, standing in the water, catch the winter sunshine. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • North rose window and transept, high angle view, in the Cathedrale Saint-Maurice d'Angers, a Roman catholic church consecrated in 1096 and built 11th - 16th centuries, in Romanesque, Gothic and Angevin Gothic styles, in Angers, Maine-et-Loire, France. The cathedral houses stained glass windows by Andre Robin from 1451, and is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • High angle view of the bell tower of the church of St Anthony of Padua, late 19th century, El Jadida, Morocco, seen across the rooftops. The Spanish convent church is an example of religious co-habitation in this Atlantic port city. El Jadida, formerly Mazagan, was occuped by the Portuguese from 1502 to 1769. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • High angle view of the Loggia del Consiglio, 1476, Piazza dei Signori, Verona, Italy, seen from the Lamberti Tower. Statues of illustrious citizens of Verona crown the roof of the Loggia del Consiglio, home of the City Council, renovated in the 1870s. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of Loggia del Grano, (Grain Market), 1619, by Giulio Parigi, Orsanmichele, Florence, Tuscany, Italy, pictured on June 8, 2007, in the afternoon. The Loggia del Grano, commissioned by Cosimo II, was a grain store on the upper floors and a market at ground level until 1690, but has since had many other uses including newspaper headquarters, theatre, cinema, and shops. It was restored in 1953 by architects Nello Baroni and Maurizio Tempestini. Florence, capital of Tuscany, is world famous for its Renaissance art and architecture. Its historical centre was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1982. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of Theatre, c. 40-60 AD, Segobriga, Spain, pictured on April 13, 2006, in the afternoon showing the surrounding hills. Seating 2,000 people, the raked auditorium surrounds a semi-circular stage. The theatre was decorated with ornate columns and statues whose ruins remain. Segobriga was founded by the Romans in the 1st century BC, after the Punic wars, and the town was developed during the reign of  Augustus. It became an important administrative centre whose local industry was mining ëspecularis lapisí, a crystallized sheet gypsum used for window glass. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of the cloister of Monestir de Santes Creus, Aiguamurcia, Catalonia, Spain, pictured on May 21, 2006, in the morning. The 13th century cloister is seen from the upper gallery with the abbey's church in the background. The Romanesque lavabo in the patio dates back to the 12th century. The Cistercian Reial Monestir Santa Maria de Santes Creus and its church were built between 1174 and 1225. Following strict Cistercian rule, the Romanesque complex originally featured no architectural embellishments with the exception of ornamented capitals and crenellations on the rooflines. In the 13th century parts of the abbey and the cloister were converted in Gothic style by James II of Aragon who also added the dome to the church. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of mosaic in the House of Neptune, Italica, Seville, Spain, pictured on December 28, 2006, in the morning. The House of Neptune is named for its central mosiac showing the God of the Sea with his trident surrounded by sea creatures. Italica was founded by Scipio Africanus in 206 BC as a centre for soldiers wounded in the Battle of Ilipa, a defeat for Carthage during the Punic Wars, and became a military outpost. The name signifies that the original settlers were from an Italian regiment. It was one of the first cities in Roman Hispania and was the birthplace of two Roman Emperors: Trajan (53-117 AD) and Hadrian (76-138 AD). The city declined after the fall of the Roman Empire. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of man collecting dray wool on a terrace, Chouara Tannery, Fez, Morocco, pictured on February 25, 2009 in the evening. The Chouara tannery is the largest of the four ancient tanneries in the Medina of Fez where the traditional work of the tanners has remained unchanged since the 14th century. It is composed of numerous dried-earth pits where raw skins are treated, pounded, scraped and dyed. Tanners work in vats filled with various coloured liquid dyes derived from plant sources. Colours change every two weeks, poppy flower for red, mint for green, indigo for blue, chedar tree for brown and saffron for yellow. Fez, Morocco's second largest city, and one of the four imperial cities, was founded in 789 by Idris I on the banks of the River Fez. The oldest university in the world is here and the city is still the Moroccan cultural and spiritual centre. Fez has three sectors: the oldest part, the walled city of Fes-el-Bali, houses Morocco's largest medina and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site;  Fes-el-Jedid was founded in 1244 as a new capital by the Merenid dynasty, and contains the Mellah, or Jewish quarter; Ville Nouvelle was built by the French who took over most of Morocco in 1912 and transferred the capital to Rabat. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of the pits used for the first treatment of the raw skins, Chouara Tannery, Fez, Morocco, pictured on February 23, 2009 in the evening. These white pits are filled with ammonia water made from pigeon droppings. The Chouara tannery is the largest of the four ancient tanneries in the Medina of Fez where the traditional work of the tanners has remained unchanged since the 14th century. It is composed of numerous dried-earth pits where raw skins are treated, pounded, scraped and dyed. Tanners work in vats filled with various coloured liquid dyes derived from plant sources. Colours change every two weeks, poppy flower for red, mint for green, indigo for blue, chedar tree for brown and saffron for yellow. Fez, Morocco's second largest city, and one of the four imperial cities, was founded in 789 by Idris I on the banks of the River Fez. The oldest university in the world is here and the city is still the Moroccan cultural and spiritual centre. Fez has three sectors: the oldest part, the walled city of Fes-el-Bali, houses Morocco's largest medina and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site;  Fes-el-Jedid was founded in 1244 as a new capital by the Merenid dynasty, and contains the Mellah, or Jewish quarter; Ville Nouvelle was built by the French who took over most of Morocco in 1912 and transferred the capital to Rabat. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of young boy carrying dry skins and guiding a donkey towards the store, Chouara tannery, Fez, Morocco, pictured on February 23, 2009 in the evening. The long sides of the pits are full of boys in their first year of studying at the tannery school. The Chouara tannery is the largest of the four ancient tanneries in the Medina of Fez where the traditional work of the tanners has remained unchanged since the 14th century. It is composed of numerous dried-earth pits where raw skins are treated, pounded, scraped and dyed. Tanners work in vats filled with various coloured liquid dyes derived from plant sources. Colours change every two weeks, poppy flower for red, mint for green, indigo for blue, chedar tree for brown and saffron for yellow. Fez, Morocco's second largest city, and one of the four imperial cities, was founded in 789 by Idris I on the banks of the River Fez. The oldest university in the world is here and the city is still the Moroccan cultural and spiritual centre. Fez has three sectors: the oldest part, the walled city of Fes-el-Bali, houses Morocco's largest medina and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site;  Fes-el-Jedid was founded in 1244 as a new capital by the Merenid dynasty, and contains the Mellah, or Jewish quarter; Ville Nouvelle was built by the French who took over most of Morocco in 1912 and transferred the capital to Rabat. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of a tanner working in a pit constructed above a small store overlooking the large square of dyeing pits, Chouara Tannery, Fez, Morocco, pictured on February 23, 2009 in the evening. The Chouara tannery is the largest of the four ancient tanneries in the Medina of Fez where the traditional work of the tanners has remained unchanged since the 14th century. It is composed of numerous dried-earth pits where raw skins are treated, pounded, scraped and dyed. Tanners work in vats filled with various coloured liquid dyes derived from plant sources. Colours change every two weeks, poppy flower for red, mint for green, indigo for blue, chedar tree for brown and saffron for yellow. Fez, Morocco's second largest city, and one of the four imperial cities, was founded in 789 by Idris I on the banks of the River Fez. The oldest university in the world is here and the city is still the Moroccan cultural and spiritual centre. Fez has three sectors: the oldest part, the walled city of Fes-el-Bali, houses Morocco's largest medina and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site;  Fes-el-Jedid was founded in 1244 as a new capital by the Merenid dynasty, and contains the Mellah, or Jewish quarter; Ville Nouvelle was built by the French who took over most of Morocco in 1912 and transferred the capital to Rabat. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of the central patio with Roman statue of Minerva and upper portico, Casa de Pilatos, Seville, Spain, pictured on December 30, 2006, in the afternoon. Pilate's House, late 15th century, was built by the Enriquez and Ribera families During the 16th century these families, who had a strong relationship with Italy,  introduced the Renaissance style to Seville. In the palace is the sculpture collection of the Duke of Alcala  who brought back many Classical pieces from Italy and adapted the palace and gardens to exhibiting them in Renaissance style. The buildings were further modified according to Romantic taste in the 19th century and now present a combination of Mudejar-Gothic, Renaissance and Romantic styles. Today the Casa de Pilatos belongs to the Fundacion Casa Ducal de Medicaneli and is the residence of the Dukes of Medicaneli. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of pavilions in the Garden, Real Alcazar, Seville, Spain, pictured on December 26, 2006, in the afternoon. The Real Alacazar was commissioned by Pedro I of Castile in 1364 to be built in the Mudejar style by Moorish craftsmen. The palace, built on the site of an earlier Moorish palace, is a stunning example of the style and a UNESCO World Heritage site. The gardens are a mixture of French, Moorish and Renaisance styles. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of courtyard, Casa de las Conchas, Salamanca, Spain, pictured on December 17, 2010 in the afternoon. The Casa de la Conchas, 15th century, was built as the palace of Rodrigo Maldonado, a knight of the Santiago Order (Order of St James), whose emblem is a shell. Adorning the walls of the palace are carvings of shells, hence the name. It is now a library. Salamanca, an important Spanish University city, is known as La Ciudad Dorada ("The golden city") because of the unique golden colour of its Renaissance sandstone buildings. Founded in 1218 its University is still one of the most important in Spain. Around it the Old Town is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • High angle view of the bank of the River Tormes, Salamanca, Spain, pictured on December 18, 2010 at midday. Frosted leafless bushes, standing in the water, catch the winter sunshine. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • High angle view, interior, New Cathedral, Salamanca, Spain, pictured on December 19, 2010. Salamanca, Spain's most important University city,  has two adjoining Cathedrals, Old and New. The old Romanesque Cathedral was begun in the 12th century, and the new in the 16th century. Its style was designed to be Gothic rather than Renaissance in keeping with its older neighbour, but building continued over several centuries and a Baroque cupola was added in the 18th century. Restoration was necessary after the great Lisbon earthquake, 1755. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • High angle view of St Peter's Cathedral, Vatican City, Rome, Italy, pictured on December 13, 2010 in the morning. The Vatican City, centre of the Roman Catholic Church, is an independent state, founded in 1929. St Peter's Basilica was rebuilt during the Renaissance period. Its first architect was Donato Bramante (1444-1514), and the dome was designed by Michelangelo (1475-1564) and completed by Giacomo della Porta (c.1533-1602). The Piazza di San Pietro with its magnificent Baroque colonnades was designed by Gian Lorenzo Bernini (1598-1680). Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Montmartre, Paris, France. A high angle view over the city rooftops at dusk. Far below the street lights shine whilst all is quiet at chimney level beneath the pink and blue evening sky. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • PARIS, FRANCE - NOVEMBER 21: A high angle view over the Montmartre rooftops on November 21, 2008 in Paris, France. Far below the street lights shine whilst all is quiet at chimney level beneath the pink and blue evening sky. (Photo by Manuel Cohen)
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  • Plant History Glasshouse (formerly the Australian Glasshouse), 1830s, Charles Rohault de Fleury, Jardin des Plantes, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France. High angle view showing the glass and iron roof structure in the early morning winter light. In the distance is the Grande Mosquee de Paris (Great Mosque of Paris).
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  • High Angle view of roof of Bears' Building, Parc Zoologique de Paris, or Zoo de Vincennes, (Zoological Gardens of Paris, also known as Vincennes Zoo), 1934, by Charles Letrosne, 12th arrondissement, Paris, France, pictured on May 5, 2011 in the evening. In November 2008 the 15 hectare Zoo, part of the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (National Museum of Natural History) closed its doors to the public and renovation works will start in September 2011. The Zoo is scheduled to re-open in April 2014. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of the Zoo from the Grand Rocher (Great Rock), with the Paris skyline in the background, Parc Zoologique de Paris, or Zoo de Vincennes, (Zoological Gardens of Paris, also known as Vincennes Zoo), 1934, by Charles Letrosne, 12th arrondissement, Paris, France, pictured on November 19, 2010, in the afternoon. In November 2008 the 15 hectare Zoo, part of the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (National Museum of Natural History) closed its doors to the public and renovation works will start in September 2011. The Zoo is scheduled to re-open in April 2014. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of base of Grand Rocher (Great Rock), from the second stage, with the vulture aviary , Parc Zoologique de Paris, or Zoo de Vincennes, (Zoological Gardens of Paris, also known as Vincennes Zoo), 1934, by Charles Letrosne, 12th arrondissement, Paris, France, pictured on November 19, 2010, in the afternoon. In November 2008 the 15 hectare Zoo, part of the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (National Museum of Natural History) closed its doors to the public and renovation works will start in September 2011. The Zoo is scheduled to re-open in April 2014. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • Plant History Glasshouse (formerly Australian Glasshouse), 1830s, Rohault de Fleury, Jardin des Plantes, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France. High angle view of workers positioning a fossilised tree trunk from Arizona, USA, in the glasshouse.
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  • Plant History Glasshouse (formerly Australian Glasshouse), 1830s, Rohault de Fleury, Jardin des Plantes, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France. High angle view of the interior of the glasshouse showing the glass and metal roof structure and the luxuriant Tropical vegetation lit by the afternoon sun. At the left of the picture a Podocarpus Elongata plant from South West Africa is growing.
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  • New Caledonia Glasshouse (formerly The Mexican Hothouse), 1830s, Charles Rohault de Fleury, Jardin des Plantes, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France. High angle view of rooftop covered in snow, with the trees of the Jardin des Plantes, also snow covered, in the background. The New Caledonia Glasshouse, or Hothouse, was the first French glass and iron building.
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  • Plant History Glasshouse (formerly Australian Glasshouse), 1830s, Rohault de Fleury, Jardin des Plantes, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France.  High angle view of rooftop covered in snow, with the Great Gallery of Evolution to the left and the Grande Mosquee de Paris (Great Mosque of Paris) in the background.
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  • New Caledonia Glasshouse (formerly The Mexican Hothouse) built in the 1830s by Charles Rohault de Fleury, Jardin des Plantes, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France. High angle view showing building work on the access ramp. The New Caledonia Glasshouse, or Hothouse, whose glass and metal structure, framed by bare winter trees, reflects late afternoon light, was the first French glass and iron building.
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  • Desert and Arid Lands Glasshouse, 1930s, Jardin des Plantes, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France. High angle view through the interior showing the glass and metal structure of the walls and roof.
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  • High angle view of external staircase to first stage, Grand Rocher (Great Rock), Parc Zoologique de Paris, or Zoo de Vincennes, (Zoological Gardens of Paris, also known as Vincennes Zoo), 1934, by Charles Letrosne, 12th arrondissement, Paris, France, pictured on November 19, 2010, in the afternoon. In November 2008 the 15 hectare Zoo, part of the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (National Museum of Natural History) closed its doors to the public and renovation works will start in September 2011. The Zoo is scheduled to re-open in April 2014. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of figure of Elan in thin composite, which has been unsealed before being taken away, Parc Zoologique de Paris, or Zoo de Vincennes, (Zoological Gardens of Paris, also known as Vincennes Zoo), 1934, by Charles Letrosne, 12th arrondissement, Paris, France, pictured on June 28, 2011 in the morning. In November 2008 the 15 hectare Zoo, part of the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (National Museum of Natural History) closed its doors to the public and renovation works will start in September 2011. The Zoo is scheduled to re-open in April 2014. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • High angle view of the Big Cat House from the Grand Rocher )Great Rock), Parc Zoologique de Paris, or Zoo de Vincennes, (Zoological Gardens of Paris, also known as Vincennes Zoo), 1934, by Charles Letrosne, 12th arrondissement, Paris, France, pictured on June 28, 2011 in the morning. In November 2008 the 15 hectare Zoo, part of the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (National Museum of Natural History) closed its doors to the public and renovation works will start in September 2011. The Zoo is scheduled to re-open in April 2014. Picture by Manuel Cohen .
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  • High angle view of a reflection of a tree in a pool, Parc Zoologique de Paris, or Zoo de Vincennes, (Zoological Gardens of Paris, also known as Vincennes Zoo), 1934, by Charles Letrosne, 12th arrondissement, Paris, France, pictured on April 12, 2011 in the morning. In November 2008 the 15 hectare Zoo, part of the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (National Museum of Natural History) closed its doors to the public and renovation works will start in September 2011. The Zoo is scheduled to re-open in April 2014. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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