manuel cohen

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  • The Royal Elephant decorated with fleur de lys, representing the King, fresco by Rosso Fiorentino, 1535-37, in a carved stucco frame, in the Galerie Francois I, begun 1528, the first great gallery in France and the origination of the Renaissance style in France, Chateau de Fontainebleau, France. The Palace of Fontainebleau is one of the largest French royal palaces and was begun in the early 16th century for Francois I. It was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC428.jpg
  • Painted decorative wall panels, with portrait bust of Marie de Medici, 19th century, in the Guard Room, Chateau de Fontainebleau, France. The Guard Room is the first of the King's apartment and was occupied by the soldiers of the guard. The Palace of Fontainebleau is one of the largest French royal palaces and was begun in the early 16th century for Francois I. It was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC723.jpg
  • Statue of Saint-Louis in the guise of Louis XIII, by Francesco Bordoni, 1580-1654, in La Chapelle de la Trinite or the Chapel of the Trinity in the Chateau de Fontainebleau, France. The Palace of Fontainebleau is one of the largest French royal palaces and was begun in the early 16th century for Francois I. It was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC683.jpg
  • Capital with angel heads in the nave of the Chapelle Haute Saint-Saturnin, begun 1540s under Francois I and decorated by Philippe Delorme, at the Chateau de Fontainebleau, France. The chapel was built with 2 storeys, the upper section for the use of royalty. The Palace of Fontainebleau is one of the largest French royal palaces and was begun in the early 16th century for Francois I. It was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC627.jpg
  • Architectural detail with royal coats of arms from La Chapelle de la Trinite or Chapel of the Trinity, 16th century, originally a monastery church belonging to the Mathurin monks under Saint Louis and re-annexed to the chateau under Francois I, Chateau de Fontainebleau, France. The proto-baroque decor is of the Second Ecole de Fontainebleau style. Louis XV was married in this chapel in the 18th century and Napoleon III was baptised here in the early 19th century. The Palace of Fontainebleau is one of the largest French royal palaces and was begun in the early 16th century for Francois I. It was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC528.jpg
  • Painted decorative wall panels, with initial M and putti, 19th century, in the Guard Room, Chateau de Fontainebleau, France. The Guard Room is the first of the King's apartment and was occupied by the soldiers of the guard. The Palace of Fontainebleau is one of the largest French royal palaces and was begun in the early 16th century for Francois I. It was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC724.jpg
  • Carved and painted wooden ceiling of the Chapelle Haute Saint-Saturnin, begun 1540s under Francois I and decorated by Philippe Delorme, with angel portraits and initials H for Henri IV and M for Marie de Medici, at the Chateau de Fontainebleau, France. The chapel was built with 2 storeys, the upper section for the use of royalty. The Palace of Fontainebleau is one of the largest French royal palaces and was begun in the early 16th century for Francois I. It was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC630.jpg
  • Carved and painted wooden ceiling of the Chapelle Haute Saint-Saturnin, begun 1540s under Francois I and decorated by Philippe Delorme, Chateau de Fontainebleau, France. The chapel was built with 2 storeys, the upper section for the use of royalty. The Palace of Fontainebleau is one of the largest French royal palaces and was begun in the early 16th century for Francois I. It was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC628.jpg
  • Detail of the Royal Elephant decorated with fleur de lys, representing the King, showing the golden salamander of Francois I on his head, fresco by Rosso Fiorentino, 1535-37, in the Galerie Francois I, begun 1528, the first great gallery in France and the origination of the Renaissance style in France, Chateau de Fontainebleau, France. The Palace of Fontainebleau is one of the largest French royal palaces and was begun in the early 16th century for Francois I. It was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC476.jpg
  • Polychrome carved figure of Saint Louis under a neogothic canopy from a processional sceptre, 1820-50, in the Collegiale Notre-Dame de Poissy, a catholic parish church founded c. 1016 by Robert the Pious and rebuilt 1130-60 in late Romanesque and early Gothic styles, in Poissy, Yvelines, France. Saint Louis wears the fleur de lys crown and holds a sceptre and a book, possibly a Book of Trades which he commissioned. The Collegiate Church of Our Lady of Poissy was listed as a Historic Monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_Paris_MC116.jpg
  • Coat of arms with crown and fleur de lys, sculptural detail from the fireplace of the Cabinet Dore or Golden Room of Pierre-Elisabeth de Fontanieu, in the Intendant's apartments, in the Hotel de la Marine, built 1757-74 by Ange-Jacques Gabriel, 1698-1782, architect to King Louis XV, on the Place de la Concorde, in the 8th arrondissement of Paris, France. The building was made to house the Garde-Meuble de la Couronne, the king's furniture collection. The Intendant of the Garde-Meuble was an important officer to the king, and was housed in this building in lavish apartments (Pierre-Elisabeth de Fontanieu from 1765, and Marc-Antoine Thierry de Ville d’Avray from 1786). From 1789, the building became the Ministere de la Marine, the navy ministry. It was restored 2017-20 and is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_FRANCE_MC_0795.jpg
  • Painted decoration with royal insignia fleur de lys and crowns, in the Chapelle Saint Louis, in the ambulatory of the Cathedrale Notre-Dame de Paris, or Notre-Dame cathedral, built 1163-1345 in French Gothic style, on the Ile de la Cite in the 4th arrondissement of Paris, France. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_PARIS_MC_0228.jpg
  • Glazed terracotta floor tile decorated with an interlaced floral design with fleur de lys, 14th century, from the Chateau de Germolles, Burgundy, France, built 1385-1400 as the residence of the Dukes of Burgundy. These tiles decorated the floors of the rooms on the first and second floors of the castle, and are decorated with symbols of the Dukes and Duchesses of Burgundy: daisies, lions, roses, thistles, sheep, suns and lilies. The chateau was built under Philippe le Hardi or Philip the Bold, first Duke of Burgundy of the new royal Valois dynasty, and then given to his wife, Margaret of Flanders, Duchess of Burgundy. The architect Drouet de Dammartin, the sculptors Jean de Marville and Claus Sluter and the painter Jean de Beaumetz all worked on the building. It was subsequently used by Jean sans Peur or John the Fearless, Philippe le Bon or Philip the Good and Charles le Temeraire or Charles the Bold. The chateau is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0262.jpg
  • Glazed terracotta floor tiles decorated with a lion and heraldic fleur de lys patterns, 14th century, from the Chateau de Germolles, Burgundy, France, built 1385-1400 as the residence of the Dukes of Burgundy. These tiles decorated the floors of the rooms on the first and second floors of the castle, and are decorated with symbols of the Dukes and Duchesses of Burgundy: daisies, lions, roses, thistles, sheep, suns and lilies. The chateau was built under Philippe le Hardi or Philip the Bold, first Duke of Burgundy of the new royal Valois dynasty, and then given to his wife, Margaret of Flanders, Duchess of Burgundy. The architect Drouet de Dammartin, the sculptors Jean de Marville and Claus Sluter and the painter Jean de Beaumetz all worked on the building. It was subsequently used by Jean sans Peur or John the Fearless, Philippe le Bon or Philip the Good and Charles le Temeraire or Charles the Bold. The chateau is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0261.jpg
  • Painted portrait of Saint Louis, or King Louis IX of France, wearing a fleur de lys crown, in the baptismal fonts chapel of the Collegiale Notre-Dame de Poissy, a catholic parish church founded c. 1016 by Robert the Pious and rebuilt 1130-60 in late Romanesque and early Gothic styles, in Poissy, Yvelines, France. Saint Louis was baptised here in 1214. The Collegiate Church of Our Lady of Poissy was listed as a Historic Monument in 1840 and has been restored by Eugene Viollet-le-Duc. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_Paris_MC072.jpg
  • Polychrome sculpture of Saint Louis, or King Louis IX of France, wearing a fleur de lys crown, in the Collegiale Notre-Dame de Poissy, a catholic parish church founded c. 1016 by Robert the Pious and rebuilt 1130-60 in late Romanesque and early Gothic styles, in Poissy, Yvelines, France. Saint Louis was baptised here in 1214. The Collegiate Church of Our Lady of Poissy was listed as a Historic Monument in 1840 and has been restored by Eugene Viollet-le-Duc. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_Paris_MC065.jpg
  • Procession of the smiling chosen ones to heaven, sculptural detail from the middle level of the tympanum of the main portal representing the Last Judgement, c. 1230, on the West facade of Bourges Cathedral or the Cathedrale Saint-Etienne de Bourges, built 1195-1230 in French Gothic style and consecrated in 1324, in Bourges, Centre-Val de Loire, France. The saved wear wedding garments and include a queen, a king holding a fleur de lis and a Franciscan monk (possibly St Francis). This level of the tympanum depicts St Michael weighing the souls, with the saved processing to heaven and the damned being led to hell by devils. The cathedral is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0088.jpg
  • Clock and painting, c. 1925, by Jeanne Thil, 1887-1968, of Philippa de Hainaut pleading with her husband Edward II to pardon the Burghers of Calais, in the Smoking Room, in the Chateau de Hardelot, originally the site of a 12th century castle, rebuilt over the centuries and finally redeveloped in the 19th century, in Condette, Pas-de-Calais, France. The current building dates from 1865-72, when its owner, Henry Guy, rebuilt the chateau in Neo-Tudor style. Since 2009 the building has housed the Centre Culturel de l'Entente Cordiale, with an arts programme involving France and Britain. It is situated within the Reserve Naturelle Regionale du Marais de Condette, a protected marshland area. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_1395.jpg
  • Courts of justice at the conviction of Fouquet, 16th December 1661 at th Palais de Justice in Paris, illustration held in the Chateau de Vaux-le-Vicomte, designed by Louis Le Vau, 1612-70, and built 1658-61 for marquis Nicolas Fouquet, in Maincy, Seine-et-Marne, France. The chateau is built in Baroque style, with decoration by Charles Le Brun, 1619-90, and grounds designed by landscape architect Andre le Notre, 1613-1700. The chateau is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_FRANCE_MC_0168.jpg
  • Carved oak door with Gothic heraldic design, on the door of the Petit Salon, opening on to the hall housing the staircase of honour, in Citeco, Musee de l’Economie, a new interactive museum on the economy, opened June 2019, in the Hotel Gaillard, on the Place du General Catroux, in the 17th arrondissement of Paris, France. The Hotel Gaillard was built 1878-82 by architect Jules Fevrier in Neo Renaissance style for the banker Emile Gaillard, and later became a branch of the Banque de France. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_PARIS_MC_0889.jpg
  • Virgin and child welcoming the soul of the bishop, with Saint Denis and Saint-Nicaise, 14th century fresco, restored in 19th century, in the Chapelle des Sept Douleurs, the 8th chapel of the ambulatory, in the Cathedrale Notre-Dame de Paris, or Notre-Dame cathedral, built 1163-1345 in French Gothic style, on the Ile de la Cite in the 4th arrondissement of Paris, France. The chapel was built from 1296 under Simon Matifas de Bucy, 83rd bishop of Paris 1298-1304. Photographed on 17th December 2018 by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_PARIS_MC_0508.jpg
  • Banner of Saint Denis inscribed 'Vive le Christ qui aime les Francs', from the Collegiale Notre-Dame de Poissy, a catholic parish church founded c. 1016 by Robert the Pious and rebuilt 1130-60 in late Romanesque and early Gothic styles, in Poissy, Yvelines, France. The Collegiate Church of Our Lady of Poissy was listed as a Historic Monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_Paris_MC108.jpg
  • Detail of the head of Saint Louis with a halo and wearing a sequinned crown, from a processional banner in the Collegiale Notre-Dame de Poissy, a catholic parish church founded c. 1016 by Robert the Pious and rebuilt 1130-60 in late Romanesque and early Gothic styles, in Poissy, Yvelines, France. Saint Louis or King Louis IX of France was born in Poissy in 1214. The Collegiate Church of Our Lady of Poissy was listed as a Historic Monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_Paris_MC114.jpg
  • Astronomical clock, built to commemorate the marriage of Charles VII and Marie of Anjou here on April 22nd, 1422 and the baptism of their son Louis XI by canon Jean Fusoris, in the nave of Bourges Cathedral or the Cathedrale Saint-Etienne de Bourges, built 1195-1230 in French Gothic style and consecrated in 1324, in Bourges, Centre-Val de Loire, France. The clock's shape resembles a medieval belfry and its painted decoration is by Jean d'Orleans.  The face tells the time, the day of the lunar cycle and the corresponding zodiacal symbol. The original mechanism still works although an upper dial was added in the 17th century and the clock was entirely restored in 1994. The cathedral is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0176.jpg
  • Saint Louis with a sceptre and Christ's crown of thorns, wearing a stole and deacon's tunic, from a processional banner in the Collegiale Notre-Dame de Poissy, a catholic parish church founded c. 1016 by Robert the Pious and rebuilt 1130-60 in late Romanesque and early Gothic styles, in Poissy, Yvelines, France. Saint Louis or King Louis IX of France was born in Poissy in 1214. The Collegiate Church of Our Lady of Poissy was listed as a Historic Monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_Paris_MC107.jpg
  • Part of the facade of the Cour d'Honneur of the Palais de Justice or Palace of Justice, with allegorical statues on the balustrade, a clock and sculpted figures holding the French coat of arms, Ile de la Cite, Paris, France. The building largely dates to the 19th century, with restoration work under Joseph-Louis Duc, 1802-79, although this has been the site of law courts since Roman times. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_Paris_MC191.jpg
  • Relief on the tympanum of the postern or pedestrian entrance, restored by Caudron in the 19th century, with St Michael the archangel holding a phylactery and a vase of fleur de lys, symbol of purity, on the main facade of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The 3 fleur de lys flowers are in 3 stages of maturity, showing the cycle of life. Both the vase and fate flowers are hexagonal, like the Seal of Solomon. St Michael stands on the coat of arms of Jacques Coeur, with 3 hearts and 3 shells (coquilles Saint-Jacques). St Michael is a reference to 'Notre Dame Saint-Michel', the first galley chartered by Jacques Coeur. The angel hovering represents interactions between earth and air. The fruit trees may also link to red and white sulphur. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. Fulcanelli stated that Jacques Coeur was an alchemist and it is believed that some of these symbols refer to alchemy. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0229.jpg
  • Relief on the tympanum of the postern or pedestrian entrance, restored by Caudron in the 19th century, with St Michael the archangel holding a phylactery and a vase of fleur de lys, symbol of purity, on the main facade of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The 3 fleur de lys flowers are in 3 stages of maturity, showing the cycle of life. Both the vase and fate flowers are hexagonal, like the Seal of Solomon. St Michael stands on the coat of arms of Jacques Coeur, with 3 hearts and 3 shells (coquilles Saint-Jacques). St Michael is a reference to 'Notre Dame Saint-Michel', the first galley chartered by Jacques Coeur. The angel hovering represents interactions between earth and air. The fruit trees may also link to red and white sulphur. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. Fulcanelli stated that Jacques Coeur was an alchemist and it is believed that some of these symbols refer to alchemy. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0218.jpg
  • Fleur de lys design on a pouch, detail of the marble effigy of Charles I of Anjou, 1226-85, king of Naples and Sicily 1266-85, son of Louis VII and Blanche of Castile, dressed in chainmail as a knight and holding a heart and a broken sword, commissioned c. 1326 by Queen Clementia of Hungary, his great-granddaughter, in the Basilique Saint-Denis, Paris, France. Only his heart is buried here. The basilica is a large medieval 12th century Gothic abbey church and burial site of French kings from 10th - 18th centuries. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC18_FRANCE_MC_0264.jpg
  • Head of a statue of Saint Louis or King Louis IX of France, 1951, by Albert-Marius Patrisse, 1892-1964, Poissy, Yvelines, France. Saint Louis was born in Poissy in 1214 and baptised in the Collegiale Notre-Dame de Poissy (next to this statue) in the same year. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_Paris_MC089.jpg
  • Scene of a man playing King Louis XIV of France, 1638-1715, seated on a throne. Image taken from the filming of 'Paris la ville a remonter le temps' written by Carlo de Boutiny and Alain Zenou, directed by Xavier Lefebvre, a Gedeon Programmes production. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC11_FRANCE_MC009.jpg
  • Shield with fleur de lys design, from the effigy of Louis de France, 1275-1319, count of Evreux, son of Philippe III the Bold, commissioned in the early 14th century for the Eglise des Jacobins in Paris and moved to Saint-Denis in 1817, in the Basilique Saint-Denis, Paris, France. The basilica is a large medieval 12th century Gothic abbey church and burial site of French kings from 10th - 18th centuries. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC18_FRANCE_MC_0306.jpg
  • Fleur de lys design, detail of effigy of Charles, 1270-1325, count of Valois, son of Philippe III and Isabelle of Aragon, originally from the Eglise des Jacobins in Paris, brought to Saint-Denis in 1817, made early 14th century in marble, in the Basilique Saint-Denis, Paris, France. The basilica is a large medieval 12th century Gothic abbey church and burial site of French kings from 10th - 18th centuries. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC18_FRANCE_MC_0298.jpg
  • Prophets, possibly Josiah, Joachim and Enos, 3 of 18 lancet windows beneath the North rose window, a rose window with central medallion of the Virgin and child surrounded by doves, angels, prophets and fleur de lys, built c. 1250-60 under Jean de Chelles, in the North transept of the Cathedrale Notre-Dame de Paris, or Notre-Dame cathedral, built 1163-1345 in French Gothic style, on the Ile de la Cite in the 4th arrondissement of Paris, France. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_PARIS_MC_0352.jpg
  • Prophets, possibly Noboam, Asa and Jehoshaphat, 3 of 18 lancet windows beneath the North rose window, a rose window with central medallion of the Virgin and child surrounded by doves, angels, prophets and fleur de lys, built c. 1250-60 under Jean de Chelles, in the North transept of the Cathedrale Notre-Dame de Paris, or Notre-Dame cathedral, built 1163-1345 in French Gothic style, on the Ile de la Cite in the 4th arrondissement of Paris, France. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_PARIS_MC_0347.jpg
  • Smoking Room, with wood panelling and fleur de lys decorative frieze, in the Chateau de Hardelot, originally the site of a 12th century castle, rebuilt over the centuries and finally redeveloped in the 19th century, in Condette, Pas-de-Calais, France. The current building dates from 1865-72, when its owner, Henry Guy, rebuilt the chateau in Neo-Tudor style. Since 2009 the building has housed the Centre Culturel de l'Entente Cordiale, with an arts programme involving France and Britain. It is situated within the Reserve Naturelle Regionale du Marais de Condette, a protected marshland area. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_1394.jpg
  • North rose window, detail, a rose window with central medallion of the Virgin and child surrounded by doves, angels, prophets and fleur de lys, above 18 lancet windows, built c. 1250-60 under Jean de Chelles, in the North transept of the Cathedrale Notre-Dame de Paris, or Notre-Dame cathedral, built 1163-1345 in French Gothic style, on the Ile de la Cite in the 4th arrondissement of Paris, France. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_PARIS_MC_0346.jpg
  • Prophets, possibly Manasseh, Micah and Amos, 3 of 18 lancet windows beneath the North rose window, a rose window with central medallion of the Virgin and child surrounded by doves, angels, prophets and fleur de lys, built c. 1250-60 under Jean de Chelles, in the North transept of the Cathedrale Notre-Dame de Paris, or Notre-Dame cathedral, built 1163-1345 in French Gothic style, on the Ile de la Cite in the 4th arrondissement of Paris, France. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_PARIS_MC_0351.jpg
  • Prophets, possibly Solomon, Nathan and Nahum, 3 of 18 lancet windows beneath the North rose window, a rose window with central medallion of the Virgin and child surrounded by doves, angels, prophets and fleur de lys, built c. 1250-60 under Jean de Chelles, in the North transept of the Cathedrale Notre-Dame de Paris, or Notre-Dame cathedral, built 1163-1345 in French Gothic style, on the Ile de la Cite in the 4th arrondissement of Paris, France. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_PARIS_MC_0350.jpg
  • Prophets, possibly Ezias, Saul and David, 3 of 18 lancet windows beneath the North rose window, a rose window with central medallion of the Virgin and child surrounded by doves, angels, prophets and fleur de lys, built c. 1250-60 under Jean de Chelles, in the North transept of the Cathedrale Notre-Dame de Paris, or Notre-Dame cathedral, built 1163-1345 in French Gothic style, on the Ile de la Cite in the 4th arrondissement of Paris, France. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_PARIS_MC_0349.jpg
  • Prophets, possibly Joram, Joas and Amaziah, 3 of 18 lancet windows beneath the North rose window, a rose window with central medallion of the Virgin and child surrounded by doves, angels, prophets and fleur de lys, built c. 1250-60 under Jean de Chelles, in the North transept of the Cathedrale Notre-Dame de Paris, or Notre-Dame cathedral, built 1163-1345 in French Gothic style, on the Ile de la Cite in the 4th arrondissement of Paris, France. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_PARIS_MC_0348.jpg
  • Sculpted detail of an angel holding a coat of arms with 3 crescent moons, in the chapel of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Fulcanelli stated that Jacques Coeur was an alchemist and the moon in its various phases is a common hermetic symbol. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0296.jpg
  • Relief of 2 winged deer, a doe and a buck, above the door to the Salle des Festins or Hall of Feasts, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The animals are symbols of royalty, but also hermetic symbols - Fulcanelli stated that Jacques Coeur was an alchemist and it is believed that some of these symbols refer to alchemy. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0245.jpg
  • Polychrome carved figure of Saint Louis under a neogothic canopy from a processional sceptre, 1820-50, in the Collegiale Notre-Dame de Poissy, a catholic parish church founded c. 1016 by Robert the Pious and rebuilt 1130-60 in late Romanesque and early Gothic styles, in Poissy, Yvelines, France. Saint Louis wears the fleur de lys crown and holds a sceptre and a book, possibly a Book of Trades which he commissioned. The Collegiate Church of Our Lady of Poissy was listed as a Historic Monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_Paris_MC138.jpg
  • coffre a vêtements, Bourgogne, deuxième moitié du 15 âme siècle<br />
le decor sculpté de la face est symétrique. Au centre se trouve la serrure sous laquelle est représentée une fleur de Lys stylisée. De part et d’autre au dessus d’une série de lancettes, des arcs en accolades surmontent des rosaces. une frise de petits quatre feuilles et de trilobés borden le haut du coffre. la caisse dont les feuilles sont assemblées a queues d’aronde dans les angles repose sur un socle (restitué) et est fermé par un couvercle plat<br />
<br />
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Les Hospices de Beaune ou Hôtel-Dieu de Beaune est un Hôtel-Dieu / Hospices de style gothique flamboyant avec toiture en tuile vernissée de Bourgogne, fondé au xve siècle par le chancelier des ducs de Bourgogne Nicolas Rolin et son épouse Guigone de Salins, à Beaune en Côte-d'Or en Bourgogne
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0233.jpg
  • Armorial shields of Isabella of Portugal, 1428-96, with lions, towers and fleur de lys, decorative detail from the Salle des Povres or Room of the Poor of Les Hospices de Beaune, or Hotel-Dieu de Beaune, a charitable almshouse and hospital for the poor, built 1443-57 by Flemish architect Jacques Wiscrer, and founded by Nicolas Rolin, chancellor of Burgundy, and his wife Guigone de Salins, in Beaune, Cote d'Or, Burgundy, France. The hospital was run by the nuns of the order of Les Soeurs Hospitalieres de Beaune, and remained a hospital until the 1970s. The building now houses the Musee de l'Histoire de la Medecine, or Museum of the History of Medicine, and is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0020.jpg
  • Chimney breast covered with hand-painted wallpaper featuring fleur de lys and a crown, detail, in the Chambre de la Reine or Queen's Bedroom, decorated in 16th century Renaissance style and restored by Felix Duban in 1861-66, on the first floor of the Francois I wing, built early 16th century in Italian Renaissance style, at the Chateau Royal de Blois, built 13th - 17th century in Blois in the Loire Valley, Loir-et-Cher, Centre, France. This is thought to be the room in which Catherine de Medici died in 1589. The chateau has 564 rooms and 75 staircases and is listed as a historic monument and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0794.jpg
  • Oak trunk used to store clothing, late 15th century, with symmetrical carving of lancets with quatrelobes and a stylised fleur de lys, in Les Hospices de Beaune, or Hotel-Dieu de Beaune, a charitable almshouse and hospital for the poor, built 1443-57 by Flemish architect Jacques Wiscrer, and founded by Nicolas Rolin, chancellor of Burgundy, and his wife Guigone de Salins, in Beaune, Cote d'Or, Burgundy, France. The hospital was run by the nuns of the order of Les Soeurs Hospitalieres de Beaune, and remained a hospital until the 1970s. The building now houses the Musee de l'Histoire de la Medecine, or Museum of the History of Medicine, and is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0232.jpg
  • Oak trunk used to store clothing, late 15th century, with symmetrical carving of lancets with quatrelobes and a stylised fleur de lys, in Les Hospices de Beaune, or Hotel-Dieu de Beaune, a charitable almshouse and hospital for the poor, built 1443-57 by Flemish architect Jacques Wiscrer, and founded by Nicolas Rolin, chancellor of Burgundy, and his wife Guigone de Salins, in Beaune, Cote d'Or, Burgundy, France. The hospital was run by the nuns of the order of Les Soeurs Hospitalieres de Beaune, and remained a hospital until the 1970s. The building now houses the Musee de l'Histoire de la Medecine, or Museum of the History of Medicine, and is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0090.jpg
  • Oak trunk used to store clothing, late 15th century, with symmetrical carving of lancets with quatrelobes and a stylised fleur de lys, in Les Hospices de Beaune, or Hotel-Dieu de Beaune, a charitable almshouse and hospital for the poor, built 1443-57 by Flemish architect Jacques Wiscrer, and founded by Nicolas Rolin, chancellor of Burgundy, and his wife Guigone de Salins, in Beaune, Cote d'Or, Burgundy, France. The hospital was run by the nuns of the order of Les Soeurs Hospitalieres de Beaune, and remained a hospital until the 1970s. The building now houses the Musee de l'Histoire de la Medecine, or Museum of the History of Medicine, and is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0089.jpg
  • Polychrome sculpture of Saint Louis, or King Louis IX of France, wearing a fleur de lys crown, in the Collegiale Notre-Dame de Poissy, a catholic parish church founded c. 1016 by Robert the Pious and rebuilt 1130-60 in late Romanesque and early Gothic styles, in Poissy, Yvelines, France. Saint Louis was baptised here in 1214. The Collegiate Church of Our Lady of Poissy was listed as a Historic Monument in 1840 and has been restored by Eugene Viollet-le-Duc. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_Paris_MC136.jpg
  • Crowned knight with horse trampling a figure in front of a crowned woman, representing the victory of Christianity over Islam or paganism, with fleur de lys background, fresco, late 12th century, in the Templar Chapel at the Commanderie de Cressac or Commanderie du Dognon, at Le Temple, in Cressac-Saint-Genis, Charente, France. The chapel was built 1150-60 by the Templars on the Santiago de Compostela pilgrimage route and was originally part of a commandery, providing funds to support the Knights Hospitallers in the crusades in the Holy Land. The chapel is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_FRANCE_MC_0730.jpg
  • Glazed terracotta floor tile decorated with an interlaced floral design with fleur de lys, 14th century, from the Chateau de Germolles, Burgundy, France, built 1385-1400 as the residence of the Dukes of Burgundy. These tiles decorated the floors of the rooms on the first and second floors of the castle, and are decorated with symbols of the Dukes and Duchesses of Burgundy: daisies, lions, roses, thistles, sheep, suns and lilies. The chateau was built under Philippe le Hardi or Philip the Bold, first Duke of Burgundy of the new royal Valois dynasty, and then given to his wife, Margaret of Flanders, Duchess of Burgundy. The architect Drouet de Dammartin, the sculptors Jean de Marville and Claus Sluter and the painter Jean de Beaumetz all worked on the building. It was subsequently used by Jean sans Peur or John the Fearless, Philippe le Bon or Philip the Good and Charles le Temeraire or Charles the Bold. The chateau is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0225.jpg
  • Polychrome sculpture of Saint Louis, or King Louis IX of France, wearing a fleur de lys crown, in the Collegiale Notre-Dame de Poissy, a catholic parish church founded c. 1016 by Robert the Pious and rebuilt 1130-60 in late Romanesque and early Gothic styles, in Poissy, Yvelines, France. Saint Louis was baptised here in 1214. The Collegiate Church of Our Lady of Poissy was listed as a Historic Monument in 1840 and has been restored by Eugene Viollet-le-Duc. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_Paris_MC137.jpg
  • Dais and royal throne covered in an embroidered velvet canopy and cloth with fleur de lys design, remade in 2007, in the Salle du Roi, or King's Hall, used by Francois I for meals and audiences, on the first floor of the Francois I wing, built early 16th century in Italian Renaissance style, at the Chateau Royal de Blois, built 13th - 17th century in Blois in the Loire Valley, Loir-et-Cher, Centre, France. The hand-painted wallpaper, tiled floor and painted ceiling, were restored by Felix Duban in 1861-66. The chateau has 564 rooms and 75 staircases and is listed as a historic monument and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0752.jpg
  • Glazed terracotta floor tiles decorated with a lion and heraldic fleur de lys patterns, 14th century, from the Chateau de Germolles, Burgundy, France, built 1385-1400 as the residence of the Dukes of Burgundy. These tiles decorated the floors of the rooms on the first and second floors of the castle, and are decorated with symbols of the Dukes and Duchesses of Burgundy: daisies, lions, roses, thistles, sheep, suns and lilies. The chateau was built under Philippe le Hardi or Philip the Bold, first Duke of Burgundy of the new royal Valois dynasty, and then given to his wife, Margaret of Flanders, Duchess of Burgundy. The architect Drouet de Dammartin, the sculptors Jean de Marville and Claus Sluter and the painter Jean de Beaumetz all worked on the building. It was subsequently used by Jean sans Peur or John the Fearless, Philippe le Bon or Philip the Good and Charles le Temeraire or Charles the Bold. The chateau is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0224.jpg
  • Crusaders and Saracens fighting in the crusades, with fleur de lys background, fresco, late 12th century, on the north wall of the Templar Chapel at the Commanderie de Cressac or Commanderie du Dognon, at Le Temple, in Cressac-Saint-Genis, Charente, France. The chapel was built 1150-60 by the Templars on the Santiago de Compostela pilgrimage route and was originally part of a commandery, providing funds to support the Knights Hospitallers in the crusades in the Holy Land. The chapel is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_FRANCE_MC_0718.jpg
  • Columns with fleur de lys decoration along the facade of the Louis XII wing, built 1498-1500 in Gothic style with some Renaissance elements, at the Chateau Royal de Blois, built 13th - 17th century in Blois in the Loire Valley, Loir-et-Cher, Centre, France. The chateau has 564 rooms and 75 staircases and is listed as a historic monument and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0906.jpg
  • Cherubs holding a coat of arms with 3 fleur de lys, cul-de-lampe corbel sculpture from the monumental spiral staircase, 16th century, French School, on the interior South East facade of the Francois I wing, in Renaissance style, at the Chateau Royal de Blois, built 13th - 17th century in Blois in the Loire Valley, Loir-et-Cher, Centre, France. The staircase is covered in bas-relief sculptures and looks onto the courtyard of the chateau. The chateau has 564 rooms and 75 staircases and is listed as a historic monument and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0862.jpg
  • Fireplace and dais with throne under a canopy, in the Salle des Etats Generaux, or Estates General Room, built in 1214 in Gothic style under Thibaut VI, Count of Blois-Champagne, in the Chateau Royal de Blois, built 13th - 17th century in Blois in the Loire Valley, Loir-et-Cher, Centre, France. The large hall is covered by a wooden frame forming 2 naves, supported by 6 arches on 5 columns. In 1861-66 Felix Duban restored the room in Neo-Gothic style, painting the vaulted ceiling with a fleur de lys design. The hall is named after the 2 Estates General of Blois in 1576 and 1588, called by Henri III. The chateau has 564 rooms and 75 staircases and is listed as a historic monument and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0846.JPG
  • Saracen soldier with rondache or round shield, and fleur de lys background, fresco, late 12th century, on the north wall of the Templar Chapel at the Commanderie de Cressac or Commanderie du Dognon, at Le Temple, in Cressac-Saint-Genis, Charente, France. The chapel was built 1150-60 by the Templars on the Santiago de Compostela pilgrimage route and was originally part of a commandery, providing funds to support the Knights Hospitallers in the crusades in the Holy Land. The chapel is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_FRANCE_MC_0715.jpg
  • Detail of the embroidered velvet cloth and cushion with fleur de lys design on the royal throne, remade in 2007, in the Salle du Roi, or King's Hall, used by Francois I for meals and audiences, on the first floor of the Francois I wing, built early 16th century in Italian Renaissance style, at the Chateau Royal de Blois, built 13th - 17th century in Blois in the Loire Valley, Loir-et-Cher, Centre, France. The hand-painted wallpaper, tiled floor and painted ceiling, were restored by Felix Duban in 1861-66. The chateau has 564 rooms and 75 staircases and is listed as a historic monument and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0779.jpg
  • Gatehouse of the Citadelle de Blaye or Blaye Citadel, with a stone fleur de lys, symbol of the French monarchy, atop the turret, Blaye, Aquitaine, France. The citadel was built as a military fortress in 1685-89 by the military architect Francois Ferry and is one of 12 sites on the Vauban network. It overlooks the Gironde Estuary. It is listed as a historic monument and is part of the Fortifications of Vauban UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0196.jpg
  • Gatehouse of the Citadelle de Blaye or Blaye Citadel at sunset, with a stone fleur de lys, symbol of the French monarchy, atop the turret, Blaye, Aquitaine, France. The citadel was built as a military fortress in 1685-89 by the military architect Francois Ferry and is one of 12 sites on the Vauban network. It overlooks the Gironde Estuary. It is listed as a historic monument and is part of the Fortifications of Vauban UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0204.jpg
  • Gatehouse of the Citadelle de Blaye or Blaye Citadel, with a stone fleur de lys, symbol of the French monarchy, atop the turret, Blaye, Aquitaine, France. The citadel was built as a military fortress in 1685-89 by the military architect Francois Ferry and is one of 12 sites on the Vauban network. It overlooks the Gironde Estuary. It is listed as a historic monument and is part of the Fortifications of Vauban UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0195.jpg
  • Statue of Joan of Arc (Jeanne d'Arc), 'Jehanne au sacre', 1901, by Prosper díEpinal, in an apsidal chapel in the Cathedrale Notre-Dame de Reims or Reims Cathedral, Reims, Champagne-Ardenne, France. Her armour is bronze, her face ivory, and her tunic is yellow marble with fleurs de lys incrusted with lapis lazuli. The cathedral was built 1211-75 in French Gothic style with work continuing into the 14th century, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1991. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0549.jpg
  • Face of statue of Joan of Arc (Jeanne d'Arc), 'Jehanne au sacre', 1901, by Prosper díEpinal, in an apsidal chapel in the Cathedrale Notre-Dame de Reims or Reims Cathedral, Reims, Champagne-Ardenne, France. Her armour is bronze, her face ivory, and her tunic is yellow marble with fleurs de lys incrusted with lapis lazuli. The cathedral was built 1211-75 in French Gothic style with work continuing into the 14th century, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1991. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0529.jpg
  • Statue of Joan of Arc (Jeanne d'Arc), 'Jehanne au sacre', 1901, by Prosper d'Epinal, in an apsidal chapel in the Cathedrale Notre-Dame de Reims or Reims Cathedral, Reims, Champagne-Ardenne, France. Her armour is bronze, her face ivory, and her tunic is yellow marble with fleurs de lys incrusted with lapis lazuli. The cathedral was built 1211-75 in French Gothic style with work continuing into the 14th century, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1991. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0642.jpg
  • Statue of Joan of Arc (Jeanne d'Arc), 'Jehanne au sacre', 1901, by Prosper díEpinal, in an apsidal chapel in the Cathedrale Notre-Dame de Reims or Reims Cathedral, Reims, Champagne-Ardenne, France. Her armour is bronze, her face ivory, and her tunic is yellow marble with fleurs de lys incrusted with lapis lazuli. The cathedral was built 1211-75 in French Gothic style with work continuing into the 14th century, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1991. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0548.jpg
  • Statue of Joan of Arc (Jeanne d'Arc), 'Jehanne au sacre', 1901, by Prosper díEpinal, in an apsidal chapel in the Cathedrale Notre-Dame de Reims or Reims Cathedral, Reims, Champagne-Ardenne, France. Her armour is bronze, her face ivory, and her tunic is yellow marble with fleurs de lys incrusted with lapis lazuli. The cathedral was built 1211-75 in French Gothic style with work continuing into the 14th century, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1991. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0556.jpg
  • Statue of Joan of Arc (Jeanne d'Arc), 'Jehanne au sacre', 1901, by Prosper díEpinal, in an apsidal chapel in the Cathedrale Notre-Dame de Reims or Reims Cathedral, Reims, Champagne-Ardenne, France. Her armour is bronze, her face ivory, and her tunic is yellow marble with fleurs de lys incrusted with lapis lazuli. The cathedral was built 1211-75 in French Gothic style with work continuing into the 14th century, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1991. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0547.jpg
  • Statue of Joan of Arc (Jeanne d'Arc), 'Jehanne au sacre', 1901, by Prosper díEpinal, in an apsidal chapel in the Cathedrale Notre-Dame de Reims or Reims Cathedral, Reims, Champagne-Ardenne, France. Her armour is bronze, her face ivory, and her tunic is yellow marble with fleurs de lys incrusted with lapis lazuli. The cathedral was built 1211-75 in French Gothic style with work continuing into the 14th century, and was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1991. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0546.jpg
  • Relief of putti holding the royal coat of arms with flour de lys and a necklace of shells, above the doorway leading to the Chambre de la Reine or Queen's Bedroom, in the Salle du Roi, or King's Hall, used by Francois I for meals and audiences, on the first floor of the Francois I wing, built early 16th century in Italian Renaissance style, at the Chateau Royal de Blois, built 13th - 17th century in Blois in the Loire Valley, Loir-et-Cher, Centre, France. The hand-painted wallpaper, tiled floor and painted ceiling, were restored by Felix Duban in 1861-66. The chateau has 564 rooms and 75 staircases and is listed as a historic monument and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0880.jpg
  • Tympanum in the South gallery over the door to the chapel, with angels appearing to the Virgin Mary and her symbol, the fleur de lys or lily, with God and the holy spirit, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The 3 flowers are in different stages of maturity, symbolising the cycle of life. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0311.jpg
  • Angel waving banner with the coat of arms of Louis I duc d'Anjou, above the Gothic canopy of the First Reader, reading the Book of Revelation, detail of the first piece depicting the Seven Seals, from the Tenture de l'Apocalypse or Apocalypse Tapestry, made 1373-82 by Nicolas Bataille in the workshop of Robert Poincon after preparatory drawings by Hennequin de Bruges, in the Musee de la Tapisserie de l'Apocalypse, in the Chateau d'Angers, Angers, Maine-et-Loire, France. The tapestry was commissioned by Louis I duc d'Anjou and depicts the Apocalypse of John. It measures 140m and is divided into 6 pieces with 90 scenes. Although bequeathed to Angers Cathedral by King Rene in the 15th century, the tapestry was reconstructed and restored in the 19th century, listed as a historic monument and exhibited in the castle. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_FRANCE_MC_0630.jpg
  • Third Reader, depicting a man seated under a Gothic canopy reading the Book of Revelation, with angel above holding a banner with the coat of arms of Louis I duc d'Anjou, detail of the third piece depicting the Dragon, from the Tenture de l'Apocalypse or Apocalypse Tapestry, made 1373-82 by Nicolas Bataille in the workshop of Robert Poincon after preparatory drawings by Hennequin de Bruges, in the Musee de la Tapisserie de l'Apocalypse, in the Chateau d'Angers, Angers, Maine-et-Loire, France. The tapestry was commissioned by Louis I duc d'Anjou and depicts the Apocalypse of John. It measures 140m and is divided into 6 pieces with 90 scenes. Although bequeathed to Angers Cathedral by King Rene in the 15th century, the tapestry was reconstructed and restored in the 19th century, listed as a historic monument and exhibited in the castle. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_FRANCE_MC_0659.jpg
  • Third Reader, depicting a man seated under a Gothic canopy reading the Book of Revelation, with angel above holding a banner with the coat of arms of Louis I duc d'Anjou, detail of the third piece depicting the Dragon, from the Tenture de l'Apocalypse or Apocalypse Tapestry, made 1373-82 by Nicolas Bataille in the workshop of Robert Poincon after preparatory drawings by Hennequin de Bruges, in the Musee de la Tapisserie de l'Apocalypse, in the Chateau d'Angers, Angers, Maine-et-Loire, France. The tapestry was commissioned by Louis I duc d'Anjou and depicts the Apocalypse of John. It measures 140m and is divided into 6 pieces with 90 scenes. Although bequeathed to Angers Cathedral by King Rene in the 15th century, the tapestry was reconstructed and restored in the 19th century, listed as a historic monument and exhibited in the castle. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    Pano_CC_2457_CC_2460.jpg
  • Angel waving banner with the coat of arms of Louis I duc d'Anjou, above the Gothic canopy of the First Reader, reading the Book of Revelation, detail of the first piece depicting the Seven Seals, from the Tenture de l'Apocalypse or Apocalypse Tapestry, made 1373-82 by Nicolas Bataille in the workshop of Robert Poincon after preparatory drawings by Hennequin de Bruges, in the Musee de la Tapisserie de l'Apocalypse, in the Chateau d'Angers, Angers, Maine-et-Loire, France. The tapestry was commissioned by Louis I duc d'Anjou and depicts the Apocalypse of John. It measures 140m and is divided into 6 pieces with 90 scenes. Although bequeathed to Angers Cathedral by King Rene in the 15th century, the tapestry was reconstructed and restored in the 19th century, listed as a historic monument and exhibited in the castle. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    Pano_CC_2143_CC_2144.jpg
  • Coats of arms of the Dukes of Burgundy, from the Altarpiece of Saints and Martyrs, 1390-99, in gilded polychromed oak, carved by Jacques de Baerze, 14th century, and painted and gilded by Melchior Broederlam, 1350-1409, originally in the Chartreuse de Champmol, in the Musee des Beaux-Arts de Dijon, opened 1787 in the Palace of the Dukes of Burgundy in Dijon, Burgundy, France. The altarpiece was commissioned in 1390 and installed in 1399 in the Chapterhouse at Champmol. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0193.jpg
  • Crusader charging the Saracens, fresco, late 12th century, on the north wall of the Templar Chapel at the Commanderie de Cressac or Commanderie du Dognon, at Le Temple, in Cressac-Saint-Genis, Charente, France. The chapel was built 1150-60 by the Templars on the Santiago de Compostela pilgrimage route and was originally part of a commandery, providing funds to support the Knights Hospitallers in the crusades in the Holy Land. The chapel is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_FRANCE_MC_0709.jpg
  • Crusader charging the Saracens, fresco, late 12th century, on the north wall of the Templar Chapel at the Commanderie de Cressac or Commanderie du Dognon, at Le Temple, in Cressac-Saint-Genis, Charente, France. The chapel was built 1150-60 by the Templars on the Santiago de Compostela pilgrimage route and was originally part of a commandery, providing funds to support the Knights Hospitallers in the crusades in the Holy Land. The chapel is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_FRANCE_MC_0706.jpg
  • Crusader charging the Saracens, fresco, late 12th century, on the north wall of the Templar Chapel at the Commanderie de Cressac or Commanderie du Dognon, at Le Temple, in Cressac-Saint-Genis, Charente, France. The chapel was built 1150-60 by the Templars on the Santiago de Compostela pilgrimage route and was originally part of a commandery, providing funds to support the Knights Hospitallers in the crusades in the Holy Land. The chapel is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_FRANCE_MC_0724.jpg
  • Equestrian statue of King Louis XII, 1462-1515, 15th century, on the Louis XII wing above the entrance to the Chateau Royal de Blois, built 13th - 17th century in Blois in the Loire Valley, Loir-et-Cher, Centre, France. The chateau has 564 rooms and 75 staircases and is listed as a historic monument and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0858.jpg
  • Stained glass window of St Joan of Arc by Max Ingrand, 1957, in the Gothic choir of the Chapelle Saint-Calais, built 1498-1508, in the courtyard on the Louis XII wing of the Chateau Royal de Blois, built 13th - 17th century in Blois in the Loire Valley, Loir-et-Cher, Centre, France. The chapel was consecrated in 1508 by Antoine Dufour, bishop of Marseille. The choir with its vaulted ceiling and stained glass by Max Ingrand, 1957, remains, although the nave was destroyed by Mansart during works under Gaston d'OrlÈans.The chateau has 564 rooms and 75 staircases and is listed as a historic monument and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC_1429.jpg
  • Equestrian statue of King Louis XII, 1462-1515, 15th century, on the Louis XII wing above the entrance to the Chateau Royal de Blois, built 13th - 17th century in Blois in the Loire Valley, Loir-et-Cher, Centre, France. The chateau has 564 rooms and 75 staircases and is listed as a historic monument and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC_1431.jpg
  • Sulptural detail on the rib-vaults of the ceiling of the interior ramp of the Tour des Minimes, with figures holding a coat of arms with 3 fleur de lys, at the Chateau d'Amboise, a medieval castle of the Loire Valley which became a royal residence in the 15th century and was largely reworked in the 15th and 16th centuries, at Amboise, Indre-et-Loire, Centre, France. The tower has a wide, shallow ramp large enough to allow horses and carriages access to the terrace of the royal residence, situated above the river, and was built in Renaissance style. The chateau is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC_0937.jpg
  • St Anne, mother of Mary, holding the child Virgin in her left arm and a lily in her right hand, symbol of purity and divine election, with the coat of arms of France below with gold fleur de lys on a blue background, lancet window from under the main North Rose stained glass window, 1233, on the Northern side of the transept of Chartres Cathedral, Eure-et-Loir, France. In 1204, Louis I, Count of Blois and Chartres, brought back the relics of St Anne from the 4th crusade after the fall of Constantinople, to Chartres. This window was offered by Blanche of Castile, then regent, mother of the future Saint Louis. Chartres cathedral was built 1194-1250 and is a fine example of Gothic architecture. Most of its windows date from 1205-40 although a few earlier 12th century examples are also intact. It was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC609.jpg
  • Solomon, son of David, with the attributes of the Capetian kings, including crown, fleur de lys sceptre and a blue cloak lined with ermine, lancet window from under the main North Rose stained glass window, 1233, on the Northern side of the transept of Chartres Cathedral, Eure-et-Loir, France. This window was offered by Blanche of Castile, then regent, mother of the future Saint Louis. Chartres cathedral was built 1194-1250 and is a fine example of Gothic architecture. Most of its windows date from 1205-40 although a few earlier 12th century examples are also intact. It was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC560.jpg
  • Funerary monument of Charles IV of Anjou, Count of Maine, 1472, by Francesco Laurana, marble effigy lying atop an antique sarcophagus, in the Cathedrale Saint-Julien du Mans or Cathedral of St Julian of Le Mans, Le Mans, Sarthe, Loire, France. Charles IV wears a crown and armour with the fleur de lys and coat of arms of Maine. The cathedral was built from the 6th to the 14th centuries, with both Romanesque and High Gothic elements. It is dedicated to St Julian of Le Mans, the city's first bishop, who established Christianity in the area in the 4th century AD. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0477.jpg
  • Coat of arms of France, a blue shield covered in golden fleur de lys, lower section of the lancet window of St Anne from under the main North Rose stained glass window, 1233, on the Northern side of the transept of Chartres Cathedral, Eure-et-Loir, France. This window was offered by Blanche of Castile, then regent, mother of the future Saint Louis. Chartres cathedral was built 1194-1250 and is a fine example of Gothic architecture. Most of its windows date from 1205-40 although a few earlier 12th century examples are also intact. It was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC583.jpg
  • The prophet Zechariah, the coat of arms of France (gold fleur de lys on a blue background) and of Castile (3-storeyed golden tower on a red background), from the North Rose stained glass window, 1233, on the Northern side of the transept of Chartres Cathedral, Eure-et-Loir, France. This window was offered by Blanche of Castile, then regent, mother of the future Saint Louis. Chartres cathedral was built 1194-1250 and is a fine example of Gothic architecture. Most of its windows date from 1205-40 although a few earlier 12th century examples are also intact. It was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC582.jpg
  • Stained glass window, Fontenay Abbey, Marmagne, Cote d'Or, France. This Cistercian abbey was founded by Saint Bernard of Clairvaux in 1119, built in the Romanesque style. The abbey itself housed 300 monks from 1200, but was sacked during the French Revolution. This window is from the flat apse or chevet at the end of the nave of the church, and is typically Cistercian in its use of simple lines. Numerical ratios often corresponding to music were applied to the designs. The central window has a repeating fleur de lys pattern. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC245.JPG
  • Solomon, son of David, with the attributes of the Capetian kings, including crown, fleur de lys sceptre and a blue cloak lined with ermine, and below, his son Jeroboam, who kneels before the golden calves in the temples of Dan and Bethel, lancet window from under the main North Rose stained glass window, 1233, on the Northern side of the transept of Chartres Cathedral, Eure-et-Loir, France. This window was offered by Blanche of Castile, then regent, mother of the future Saint Louis. Chartres cathedral was built 1194-1250 and is a fine example of Gothic architecture. Most of its windows date from 1205-40 although a few earlier 12th century examples are also intact. It was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC611.jpg
  • Hallmark of Louis XV, 1710-74, and Louis XVI, 1754-93, made in 1750 by the workshop of Simier, royal bookbinders, with 3 fleur de lys surrounded by a chain of office and a crown. This metal stamp was used to produce the gold hallmark on the reproduction case for the Crown Jewels of France, made by Herbert Horovitz and his team of jewellers in Geneva, Switzerland.  Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Tomb of Roi Rene, duc d'Anjou et roi de Sicile, with painted wall with coats of arms and fleurs de lys, in the wall behind the altar in the choir of the Cathedrale Saint-Maurice d'Angers, a Roman catholic church consecrated in 1096 and built 11th - 16th centuries, in Romanesque, Gothic and Angevin Gothic styles, in Angers, Maine-et-Loire, France. The cathedral is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_FRANCE_MC_0501.jpg
  • Tomb of Roi Rene, duc d'Anjou et roi de Sicile, with painted wall with coats of arms and fleurs de lys, in the wall behind the altar in the choir of the Cathedrale Saint-Maurice d'Angers, a Roman catholic church consecrated in 1096 and built 11th - 16th centuries, in Romanesque, Gothic and Angevin Gothic styles, in Angers, Maine-et-Loire, France. The cathedral is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_FRANCE_MC_0500.jpg
  • Saint Louis with fleurs de lys, crown, sceptre and hand of justice, stone relief on the arches at the entrance to the Salle Capitulaire or Chapter House from the cloister, covered with carvings, at Fontevraud Abbey, Fontevraud-l'Abbaye, Loire Valley, Maine-et-Loire, France. The abbey was founded in 1100 by Robert of Arbrissel, who created the Order of Fontevraud. It was a double monastery for monks and nuns, run by an abbess. The abbey is listed as a historic monument and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_FRANCE_MC_0057.jpg
  • Sculpted stone frieze with figures amongst grape vines, and walls painted with fleurs de lys, in the Salle du Festin, in the Musee du Tau in the Palais du Tau, the palace of the Archbishop of Reims, rebuilt 1498-1509 and modified 1671-1710, in Reims, Marne, Grand Est, France. The palace is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_FRANCE_MC_1448.jpg
  • Stained glass window, All Hallows by the Tower, London, UK, founded 675 AD, by The Saxon Abbey of Barking. This stained glass window by M C Farrer Bell, c. 1956, shows the coat of arms of King Edward IV, 1442-83, who established chapel here in middle of 15th century. His arms contain fleur de lys of France representing the Trinity. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC_London_MC036.jpg
  • Relief carving of the initials and coat of arms of abbess Louise de Bourbon, in the West gallery of the main Grand-Moutier Cloister, rebuilt by Louise de Bourbon in classical style 1530-60, at Fontevraud Abbey, Fontevraud-l'Abbaye, Loire Valley, Maine-et-Loire, France. The cloister was originally Romanesque but was rebuilt in the 16th century. The abbey was founded in 1100 by Robert of Arbrissel, who created the Order of Fontevraud. It was a double monastery for monks and nuns, run by an abbess. The abbey is listed as a historic monument and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_FRANCE_MC_0124.jpg
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