manuel cohen

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  • Painted classical scene on the wall of the Study of the Emperor, in the Emperor's Apartment used by Napoleon, in the Royal Palace of Venice, now the Correr Museum, on the Piazza San Marco in Venice, Veneto, Italy. The Napoleonic wing was built 1807-13 designed by Giovanni Antonio Antolini and Giuseppe Maria Soli and was used by Napoleon until 1814, the Emperor of Austria until 1866 and the king of Italy until 1919. The historic centre of Venice is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_ITALY_MC_0175.jpg
  • Study of the Emperor, in the Emperor's Apartment used by Napoleon, in the Royal Palace of Venice, now the Correr Museum, on the Piazza San Marco in Venice, Veneto, Italy. The Napoleonic wing was built 1807-13 designed by Giovanni Antonio Antolini and Giuseppe Maria Soli and was used by Napoleon until 1814, the Emperor of Austria until 1866 and the king of Italy until 1919. The historic centre of Venice is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_ITALY_MC_0173.jpg
  • Bedroom of the Emperor, Castle of Compiegne, Oise, France. Most of the furniture was made by Jacob Desmalter and the chandelier with its thirty-two crystal reflectors dates from 1810. The castle was built in the 18th century in neoclassical style as the Royal residence for the French King Louis XV. It was destroyed during the French Revolution and later restored at the begining of 19th century by Napoleon in First French Emperor style with Louis-Martin Berthault as main architect. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC_PARIS_11_MC232.jpg
  • Bedroom of the Emperor, Castle of Compiegne, Oise, France. Most of the furniture was made by Jacob Desmalter and the chandelier with its thirty-two crystal reflectors dates from 1810. The castle was built in the 18th century in neoclassical style as the Royal residence for the French King Louis XV. It was destroyed during the French Revolution and later restored at the begining of 19th century by Napoleon in First French Emperor style with Louis-Martin Berthault as main architect. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC_PARIS_11_MC228.jpg
  • Emperor Library, Castle of Compiegne, Oise, France. The walnut and gilded wood bookcases and walls were made by Jacob-Desmalter in 1808. A secret door, hidden behind false books, lead to the Empress's apartment. The castle was built in the 18th century in neoclassical style as the Royal residence for the French King Louis XV. It was destroyed during the French Revolution and later restored at the begining of 19th century by Napoléon in First French Emperor style with Louis-Martin Berthault as main architect. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC_PARIS_11_MC229.jpg
  • Minerva between Apollo and Mercury, 1814, Anne-Louis Girodet de Roussy-Trioson (1767-1824), central medallion of the ceiling of the Emperor Library, Castle of Compiegne, Oise, France. The castle was built in the 18th century in neoclassical style as the Royal residence for the French King Louis XV. It was destroyed during the French Revolution and later restored at the begining of 19th century by Napoleon in First French Emperor style with Louis-Martin Berthault as main architect. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC_PARIS_11_MC227.jpg
  • Ceiling painted with classical scenes, detail, in the Study of the Emperor, in the Emperor's Apartment used by Napoleon, in the Royal Palace of Venice, now the Correr Museum, on the Piazza San Marco in Venice, Veneto, Italy. The Napoleonic wing was built 1807-13 designed by Giovanni Antonio Antolini and Giuseppe Maria Soli and was used by Napoleon until 1814, the Emperor of Austria until 1866 and the king of Italy until 1919. The historic centre of Venice is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_ITALY_MC_0178.jpg
  • Painted ceiling, detail, of the Study of the Emperor, in the Emperor's Apartment used by Napoleon, in the Royal Palace of Venice, now the Correr Museum, on the Piazza San Marco in Venice, Veneto, Italy. The Napoleonic wing was built 1807-13 designed by Giovanni Antonio Antolini and Giuseppe Maria Soli and was used by Napoleon until 1814, the Emperor of Austria until 1866 and the king of Italy until 1919. The historic centre of Venice is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_ITALY_MC_0177.jpg
  • Ceiling painted with classical scenes, in the Study of the Emperor, in the Emperor's Apartment used by Napoleon, in the Royal Palace of Venice, now the Correr Museum, on the Piazza San Marco in Venice, Veneto, Italy. The Napoleonic wing was built 1807-13 designed by Giovanni Antonio Antolini and Giuseppe Maria Soli and was used by Napoleon until 1814, the Emperor of Austria until 1866 and the king of Italy until 1919. The historic centre of Venice is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_ITALY_MC_0174.jpg
  • Study of the Emperor, in the Emperor's Apartment used by Napoleon, in the Royal Palace of Venice, now the Correr Museum, on the Piazza San Marco in Venice, Veneto, Italy. The Napoleonic wing was built 1807-13 designed by Giovanni Antonio Antolini and Giuseppe Maria Soli and was used by Napoleon until 1814, the Emperor of Austria until 1866 and the king of Italy until 1919. The historic centre of Venice is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_ITALY_MC_0172.jpg
  • Painted classical scene on the wall of the Study of the Emperor, in the Emperor's Apartment used by Napoleon, in the Royal Palace of Venice, now the Correr Museum, on the Piazza San Marco in Venice, Veneto, Italy. The Napoleonic wing was built 1807-13 designed by Giovanni Antonio Antolini and Giuseppe Maria Soli and was used by Napoleon until 1814, the Emperor of Austria until 1866 and the king of Italy until 1919. The historic centre of Venice is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_ITALY_MC_0221.jpg
  • The Emperor's Mosque, built in 1457 in Classical Ottoman style, the oldest mosque in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The original mosque was built by Isakovic-Hranusic and was rebuilt in 1565 and extended with side rooms in the 19th century. The city was founded by the Ottomans in 1461. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_Sarajevo_MC067.jpg
  • The Emperor's Mosque, built in 1457 in Classical Ottoman style, the oldest mosque in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The original mosque was built by Isakovic-Hranusic and was rebuilt in 1565 and extended with side rooms in the 19th century. The city was founded by the Ottomans in 1461. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_Sarajevo_MC065.jpg
  • Portrait of King Louis XIV, 1638-1715, wearing the costume of a Roman Emperor, engraving by Le Bossu after Corneille. Copyright Collection Particuliere Tropmi / Manuel Cohen
    LC_History_MC0022.jpg
  • Emperor Charlemagne, 742-814, still wearing his spurs, has won the battle and is greeted warmly by Constantine at the gates of Constantinople. As Emperor of the West, Charlemagne wanted to be on equal terms with Constantine and bring West and East together in peace. The figure on the left is probably Roland. Medallion of Emperor Constantine receiving Charlemagne, from the Charlemagne window, early 13th century, in the ambulatory of Chartres Cathedral, Eure-et-Loir, France. Chartres cathedral was built 1194-1250 and is a fine example of Gothic architecture. Most of its windows date from 1205-40 although a few earlier 12th century examples are also intact. It was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC429.JPG
  • Detail of Deesis mosaic, 12th-13th century, showing Emperor John II Komnenos, Virgin Mary, Jesus Christ, and Empress Irene, Hagia Sophia, 532-37, by Isidore of Miletus and Anthemius of Tralles, Istanbul, Turkey. Hagia Sophia, The Church of the Holy Wisdom, has been a  Byzantine church and an Ottoman mosque and is now a museum. The current building, the third on the site, commissioned by Emperor Justinian I, is a very fine example of Byzantine architecture. The historical areas of the city were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_ISTANBUL_11_MC021.jpg
  • Detail of Deesis mosaic, 12th-13th century, showing Christ flanked by Emperor Constantine IX Monomachus (980-1055), and Empress Zoe (ruled Byzantine Empire 1042-55), Hagia Sophia, 532-37, by Isidore of Miletus and Anthemius of Tralles, Istanbul, Turkey. Hagia Sophia, The Church of the Holy Wisdom, has been a  Byzantine church and an Ottoman mosque and is now a museum. The current building, the third on the site, commissioned by Emperor Justinian I, is a very fine example of Byzantine architecture. The historical areas of the city were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_ISTANBUL_11_MC022.jpg
  • Frieze depicting Emperor Theodosius with Olympian gods, Temple of Hadrian, 2nd century AD, Curetes Street, Ephesus, Izmir, Turkey. The temple was built by Quintilius before 138 AD and was dedicated to the Emperor Hadrian, who came to visit the city from Athens in 128 AD. Inside the temple are friezes depicting the story of the foundation of Ephesus - Androkles shooting a boar, Dionysus in ceremonial procession and the Amazons. The fourth frieze, shown here, depicts Emperor Theodosius, his wife and son (Arcadius), and various Olympian gods including Athena, Apollo, Androcles, Herakles and Artemis. Ephesus was an ancient Greek city founded in the 10th century BC, and later a major Roman city, on the Ionian coast near present day Selcuk. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC400.jpg
  • Inscription dedicated to the Emperor Septimius Severus, c. 197-202 AD, limestone, discovered in 1846 in the ramparts in Langres, in the Musee de Langres, or Langres Museum of Art and History, in Langres, Haute-Marne, France. The inscription reads, 'To the emperor Caesar Auguste Lucius Severe Septimus, Pertinax, Piault, conqueror of the Arabs, of the Adiabene, of the Parthians, vested with tribunal power, acclaimed emperor 11 times, twice consul, father of the fatherland, proconsul, offered by the federated city of Langres. Founded in 1841, the museum has been housed in a new building in the old town since 1997. It exhibits art, artefacts and archaeology from prehistory to the 20th century. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_FRANCE_MC_0938.jpg
  • Portrait of Franz Joseph I, emperor of Austria, husband of empress Elisabeth of Austria or Sissi, in the Sissi apartment of the Royal Palace of Venice, now the Correr Museum, on the Piazza San Marco in Venice, Veneto, Italy. The Napoleonic wing was built 1807-13 designed by Giovanni Antonio Antolini and Giuseppe Maria Soli and was used by Napoleon until 1814, the Emperor of Austria until 1866 and the king of Italy until 1919. The historic centre of Venice is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_ITALY_MC_0222.jpg
  • Detail of bronze statue of Roman Emperor Augustus, Rome, Italy, pictured on December 11, 2010, in the winter midday light. Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus (63BC-14AD) ruled as the first Roman Emperor, 27BC-14AD. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCROME2010_MC003.jpg
  • The iniquitous judgement of emperor Otto, detail, grisaille glass window, 16th century, Flemish, in the Musee des Beaux-Arts de Lyon, a fine arts museum opened 1801 in a former convent on the Place des Terreaux in Lyon, Rhone, France. The window tells the story of a woman whose husband was beheaded for refusing to sleep with the empress. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_FRANCE_MC_0777.jpg
  • First Empire bedroom of the King of Rome's apartment, Castle of Compiegne, Oise, France. Marcion's furniture perfectly matches the wall upholstery and the carpet. King of Rome was Napoleon II, Franz Duke of Reichstadt, son of Napoleon I and second wife Marie Louise of Austria. The castle was built in the 18th century in neoclassical style as the Royal residence for the French King Louis XV. It was destroyed during the French Revolution and later restored at the begining of 19th century by Napoléon in First French Emperor style with Louis-Martin Berthault as main architect. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC_PARIS_11_MC230.jpg
  • The iniquitous judgement of emperor Otto, grisaille glass window, 16th century, Flemish, in the Musee des Beaux-Arts de Lyon, a fine arts museum opened 1801 in a former convent on the Place des Terreaux in Lyon, Rhone, France. The window tells the story of a woman whose husband was beheaded for refusing to sleep with the empress. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_FRANCE_MC_0776.jpg
  • Portrait of Constantine XI Paleologus, Emperor of Constantinople, 1405-43, in the Galerie des Illustres or Gallery of Portraits, early 17th century, in the Chateau de Beauregard, a Renaissance chateau in the Loire Valley, built c. 1545 under Jean du Thiers and further developed after 1617 by Paul Ardier, Comptroller of Wars and Treasurer, in Cellettes, Loir-et-Cher, Centre, France. The Gallery of Portraits is a 26m long room with lapis lazuli ceiling, Delftware tiled floor and decorated with 327 portraits of important European figures living 1328-1643, in the times of Henri III, Henri IV and Louis XIII. The chateau is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC_1000.jpg
  • Bathroom of the King of Rome's apartment, Castle of Compiegne, Oise, France. The mirrored bathroom has a "lawn in flower" carpet woven from fragments of the original. King of Rome was Napoleon II, Franz Duke of Reichstadt, son of Napoleon I and second wife Marie Louise of Austria. The castle was built in the 18th century in neoclassical style as the Royal residence for the French King Louis XV. It was destroyed during the French Revolution and later restored at the begining of 19th century by Napoléon in First French Emperor style with Louis-Martin Berthault as main architect. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC_PARIS_11_MC231.jpg
  • Detail of Deesis mosaic, late 10th century, showing Emperor Justinian, 483-565, offering the Hagia Sophia, and Emperor Constantine, offering Constantinople, to the Virgin and Christ Child, in the vestibule of Haghia Sophia, 532-37, by Isidore of Miletus and Anthemius of Tralles, Istanbul, Turkey. Hagia Sophia, The Church of the Holy Wisdom, has been a  Byzantine church and an Ottoman mosque and is now a museum. The current building, the third on the site, commissioned by Justinian I, is a very fine example of Byzantine architecture. The historical areas of the city were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_ISTANBUL_11_MC029.jpg
  • Painted ceiling of the Chamberlain's Hall, restored 2013-14, in the Emperor's Apartment used by Napoleon, in the Royal Palace of Venice, now the Correr Museum, on the Piazza San Marco in Venice, Veneto, Italy. The Napoleonic wing was built 1807-13 designed by Giovanni Antonio Antolini and Giuseppe Maria Soli and was used by Napoleon until 1814, the Emperor of Austria until 1866 and the king of Italy until 1919. The historic centre of Venice is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_ITALY_MC_0183.jpg
  • Chamberlain's Hall, restored 2013-14, in the Emperor's Apartment used by Napoleon, in the Royal Palace of Venice, now the Correr Museum, on the Piazza San Marco in Venice, Veneto, Italy. The Napoleonic wing was built 1807-13 designed by Giovanni Antonio Antolini and Giuseppe Maria Soli and was used by Napoleon until 1814, the Emperor of Austria until 1866 and the king of Italy until 1919. The historic centre of Venice is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_ITALY_MC_0216.jpg
  • Veiled head of Emperor Augustus as Pontifex Maximus, or religious head of the Roman state, 1st century AD, marble, in the Museo Nacional de Arte Romano, or National Museum of Roman Art, designed by Rafael Moneo and built 1981-86, housing Roman collections from the colony of Emerita Augusta, founded in 25 BC by Emperor Augustus, now modern-day Merida, Extremadura, Spain. The sculpture, with a toga draped over Augustus' head, was found in the Aula Sacra in the peristyle of the theatre. The Roman remains in Merida are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_SPAIN_MC_0334.jpg
  • Sculpted capital of Emperor Trajan with the widow (a story from the Golden Legend where a widow begs for vengeance for the death of her son who was murdered by the son of the Emperor), carved 1340-1355, thought to be by Filippo Calendario, 1315-55, from Column 36, depicting Justice, of the ground floor Piazzetta San Marco columns, on the Doge's Palace or Palazzo Ducale, begun 1340 and built in Venetian Gothic style, Venice, Italy. The palace has 2 arcades with 14th and 15th century capitals and sculptures, and a loggia above with a decorative brickwork facade. It was the residence of the Doge of Venice, the supreme authority of the former Republic of Venice, until the Napoleonic occupation in 1797, and is now a museum. The city of Venice is an archipelago of 117 small islands separated by canals and linked by bridges, in the Venetian Lagoon. The historical centre of Venice is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ITALY_MC_0096.jpg
  • Antoninus Pius (Caesar Titus Aelius Hadrianus Antoninus Augustus Pius), Marcus Aurelius' adoptive father and predecessor as emperor, marble bust statue in the Castel Sant'Angelo (Mausoleum of Hadrian), 135-39 by Roman Emperor Hadrian (76-138), Rome, Italy. The Castel Sant'Angelo later became a Papal fortress and is now a museum. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCITALY12_MC083.jpg
  • Audience hall, restored 2013-14, in the Emperor's Apartment used by Napoleon, in the Royal Palace of Venice, now the Correr Museum, on the Piazza San Marco in Venice, Veneto, Italy. The Napoleonic wing was built 1807-13 designed by Giovanni Antonio Antolini and Giuseppe Maria Soli and was used by Napoleon until 1814, the Emperor of Austria until 1866 and the king of Italy until 1919. The historic centre of Venice is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_ITALY_MC_0219.jpg
  • Audience hall, restored 2013-14, in the Emperor's Apartment used by Napoleon, in the Royal Palace of Venice, now the Correr Museum, on the Piazza San Marco in Venice, Veneto, Italy. The Napoleonic wing was built 1807-13 designed by Giovanni Antonio Antolini and Giuseppe Maria Soli and was used by Napoleon until 1814, the Emperor of Austria until 1866 and the king of Italy until 1919. The historic centre of Venice is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_ITALY_MC_0179.jpg
  • Chamberlain's Hall, restored 2013-14, in the Emperor's Apartment used by Napoleon, in the Royal Palace of Venice, now the Correr Museum, on the Piazza San Marco in Venice, Veneto, Italy. The Napoleonic wing was built 1807-13 designed by Giovanni Antonio Antolini and Giuseppe Maria Soli and was used by Napoleon until 1814, the Emperor of Austria until 1866 and the king of Italy until 1919. The historic centre of Venice is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_ITALY_MC_0181.jpg
  • Laurel tree with birds and coiled serpent, Roman marble relief, 1st century AD, in the Museo Nacional de Arte Romano, or National Museum of Roman Art, designed by Rafael Moneo and built 1981-86, housing Roman collections from the colony of Emerita Augusta, founded in 25 BC by Emperor Augustus, now modern-day Merida, Extremadura, Spain. The laurel represents Apollo, associated with the emperor Augustus, founder of Emerita Augusta. The relief formed part of the decoration of the Ara Providentiae in the Forum. The Roman remains in Merida are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_SPAIN_MC_1075.jpg
  • Emperor on horseback fighting a barbarian, with a military trophy and Victoria, Roman relief, 4th century AD, from the theatre of Emerita Augusta, in the Museo Nacional de Arte Romano, or National Museum of Roman Art, designed by Rafael Moneo and built 1981-86, housing Roman collections from the colony of Emerita Augusta, founded in 25 BC by Emperor Augustus, now modern-day Merida, Extremadura, Spain. The Roman remains in Merida are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_SPAIN_MC_1091.jpg
  • Sculpture of Emperor Lucius Verus, 161-169 AD, co-regent with Marcus Aurelius, marble, 2nd century AD, found in the Tarraco Colonial Forum, in the Museu Nacional Arqueologic de Tarragona, in Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain. This was the official idealised image of the emperor distributed throughout the Empire, carved in a local workshop based on a prototype created in Rome by an official sculptor. Tarragona was an important fortified Roman colony named Tarraco and its remains are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_SPAIN_MC_0429.jpg
  • Veiled head of Emperor Augustus as Pontifex Maximus, or religious head of the Roman state, 1st century AD, marble, in the Museo Nacional de Arte Romano, or National Museum of Roman Art, designed by Rafael Moneo and built 1981-86, housing Roman collections from the colony of Emerita Augusta, founded in 25 BC by Emperor Augustus, now modern-day Merida, Extremadura, Spain. The sculpture, with a toga draped over Augustus' head, was found in the Aula Sacra in the peristyle of the theatre. The Roman remains in Merida are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_SPAIN_MC_0335.jpg
  • Red space rocket, and behind, the Emperor, card no. 4, and a red space rocket, sculptures in Il Giardino dei Tarocchi, a sculpture garden by Niki de Saint Phalle, 1930-2002, based on the esoteric tarot, at Pescia Fiorentina, Grosseto, Tuscany, Italy. The Emperor represents masculine power, aggression, organisation, science, weapons and war. He represents the male protector and the desire to control and conquer. Niki de Saint Phalle begun the project in 1979 and it opened in 1998, holding 22 monumental sculptures of the Greater Mysteries of the tarot. The sculptures are made from concrete and covered in ceramic and mirrored mosaic pieces. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_ITALY_MC_226.jpg
  • The Emperor (left), card no. 4, and a red space rocket, sculptures in Il Giardino dei Tarocchi, a sculpture garden by Niki de Saint Phalle, 1930-2002, based on the esoteric tarot, at Pescia Fiorentina, Grosseto, Tuscany, Italy. The Emperor represents masculine power, aggression, organisation, science, weapons and war. He represents the male protector and the desire to control and conquer. Niki de Saint Phalle begun the project in 1979 and it opened in 1998, holding 22 monumental sculptures of the Greater Mysteries of the tarot. The sculptures are made from concrete and covered in ceramic and mirrored mosaic pieces. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_ITALY_MC_218.jpg
  • The Emperor, card no. 4, sculpture in Il Giardino dei Tarocchi, a sculpture garden by Niki de Saint Phalle, 1930-2002, based on the esoteric tarot, at Pescia Fiorentina, Grosseto, Tuscany, Italy. The Emperor represents masculine power, aggression, organisation, science, weapons and war. He represents the male protector and the desire to control and conquer. Niki de Saint Phalle begun the project in 1979 and it opened in 1998, holding 22 monumental sculptures of the Greater Mysteries of the tarot. The sculptures are made from concrete and covered in ceramic and mirrored mosaic pieces. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_ITALY_MC_185.jpg
  • Emperor Charlemagne, 742-814, with a halo, receives a bishop, on the right, sent by Emperor Constantine. On the left is his trusted advisor Turpin. Both bishops hold a book and wear mitres. Section of Charlemagne receiving a bishop sent by Constantine, from the Charlemagne window, early 13th century, in the ambulatory of Chartres Cathedral, Eure-et-Loir, France. Chartres cathedral was built 1194-1250 and is a fine example of Gothic architecture. Most of its windows date from 1205-40 although a few earlier 12th century examples are also intact. It was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC435.jpg
  • Emperor Charlemagne, with a red cloak, rides a white horse to the Holy Land, beheading an infidel soldier (conical helmets and round shields). The crusade to the Holy Land was a quest for the glory of Christendom and the Emperor Constantine. Section of Charlemagne leaving for the Holy Land, from the Charlemagne window, early 13th century, in the ambulatory of Chartres Cathedral, Eure-et-Loir, France. Chartres cathedral was built 1194-1250 and is a fine example of Gothic architecture. Most of its windows date from 1205-40 although a few earlier 12th century examples are also intact. It was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC436.jpg
  • Statue of the Temple of Domitian, Domitian Square, Ephesus, Izmir, Turkey. This was the first structure in Ephesus to be dedicated to an emperor. It was built on a 100x50m terrace on vaulted foundations. The temple had 8 columns on the short side and 13 columns on the long side, and 4 additional columns in front of the cella. When Domitian was murdered, in order to not lose its neocoros status, the Ephesians re-dedicated the temple to Vespasian, the father of Domitian. Ephesus was an ancient Greek city founded in the 10th century BC, and later a major Roman city, on the Ionian coast near present day Selcuk. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC358.JPG
  • Statues of the Temple of Domitian, Domitian Square, Ephesus, Izmir, Turkey. This was the first structure in Ephesus to be dedicated to an emperor. It was built on a 100x50m terrace on vaulted foundations. The temple had 8 columns on the short side and 13 columns on the long side, and 4 additional columns in front of the cella. When Domitian was murdered, in order to not lose its neocoros status, the Ephesians re-dedicated the temple to Vespasian, the father of Domitian. Ephesus was an ancient Greek city founded in the 10th century BC, and later a major Roman city, on the Ionian coast near present day Selcuk. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC347.jpg
  • Low angle view of statue of Emperor Trajan, Italica, Seville, Spain, pictured on December 28, 2006, in the afternoon. Italica was founded by Scipio Africanus in 206 BC as a centre for soldiers wounded in the Battle of Ilipa, a defeat for Carthage during the Punic Wars, and became a military outpost. The name signifies that the original settlers were from an Italian regiment. It was one of the first cities in Roman Hispania and was the birthplace of two Roman Emperors: Trajan (53-117 AD) and Hadrian (76-138 AD). The city declined after the fall of the Roman Empire. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_ITALICA_DEC06_MC016.jpg
  • Painted ceiling of the Audience hall, restored 2013-14, in the Emperor's Apartment used by Napoleon, in the Royal Palace of Venice, now the Correr Museum, on the Piazza San Marco in Venice, Veneto, Italy. The Napoleonic wing was built 1807-13 designed by Giovanni Antonio Antolini and Giuseppe Maria Soli and was used by Napoleon until 1814, the Emperor of Austria until 1866 and the king of Italy until 1919. The historic centre of Venice is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_ITALY_MC_0223.jpg
  • Audience hall, restored 2013-14, in the Emperor's Apartment used by Napoleon, in the Royal Palace of Venice, now the Correr Museum, on the Piazza San Marco in Venice, Veneto, Italy. The Napoleonic wing was built 1807-13 designed by Giovanni Antonio Antolini and Giuseppe Maria Soli and was used by Napoleon until 1814, the Emperor of Austria until 1866 and the king of Italy until 1919. The historic centre of Venice is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_ITALY_MC_0180.jpg
  • Coins of various denominations including denarius, sestertius, as and half-as, bronze, Gallo-Roman, 1st - 2nd century AD, excavated in the Vesunna domus in Perigueux, in the Musee Vesunna, Perigueux, Dordogne, France. The coins are stamped with the head of an emperor. The Vesunna Gallo-Roman Museum was built by Jean Nouvel and opened in 2003, to protect and house the excavated remains of the Vesunna domus and exhibit artefacts from the region. Vesunna was founded on the site of modern-day Perigueux in c. 16 BC under Emperor Augustus, and was the Gallo-Roman capital of Petrucores territory. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_FRANCE_MC_1104.jpg
  • Veiled head of Emperor Augustus as Pontifex Maximus, or religious head of the Roman state, 1st century AD, marble, in the Museo Nacional de Arte Romano, or National Museum of Roman Art, designed by Rafael Moneo and built 1981-86, housing Roman collections from the colony of Emerita Augusta, founded in 25 BC by Emperor Augustus, now modern-day Merida, Extremadura, Spain. The sculpture, with a toga draped over Augustus' head, was found in the Aula Sacra in the peristyle of the theatre. The Roman remains in Merida are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_SPAIN_MC_0333.jpg
  • Portrait of Francis I of Habsburg-Lorraine, 1708-65, Holy Roman Emperor and husband of Maria-Theresa of Austria, 1740, oil on canvas, by Martin Van Meytens, 1695-1770, from the collection of the Museum der Stadt Wien, Vienna, Austria. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC_HISTORY_MC_0239.jpg
  • Temple of Hadrian, 2nd century AD, Curetes Street, Ephesus, Izmir, Turkey. The temple was built by Quintilius before 138 AD and was dedicated to the Emperor Hadrian, who came to visit the city from Athens in 128 AD. The colonnade in front of the cella supports a so-called Syrian gable. The reliefs over the door lintel depicting the Ephesian foundation myth were added later. Around 300 AD statues of the emperors Diocletian, Constantius, Maximianus and later Theodosius I were erected, of which inscribed bases are preserved. The facade of the temple has 4 Corinthian style columns supporting a curved arch, in the middle of which contains a relief of Tyche, goddess of victory. The side columns are square. The pedestal with inscriptions in front of the temple, are the bases for the statues of emperors Diocletian, Maximian, Constantius I, and Galerius; the originals of the statues have not been found yet. Ephesus was an ancient Greek city founded in the 10th century BC, and later a major Roman city, on the Ionian coast near present day Selcuk. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC397.jpg
  • Portrait of Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor, 1503-64, in the Galerie des Illustres, featuring 327 portraits of important figures from history, commissioned 1620-38 by Paul Ardier, in the Chateau de Beauregard, Renaissance chateau begun late 15th century and extended 16th century by Jean du Thier, in Loir-et-Cher, France. The painters are unidentified and mainly copied portraits from other collections. The decorative work and emblems on the woodwork and coffered ceiling are by Pierre Mosnier. The chateau is listed as a historic monument and forms part of the Loire Valley UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_FRANCE_MC_0945.jpg
  • Portrait of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, 1500-58, in the Galerie des Illustres, featuring 327 portraits of important figures from history, commissioned 1620-38 by Paul Ardier, in the Chateau de Beauregard, Renaissance chateau begun late 15th century and extended 16th century by Jean du Thier, in Loir-et-Cher, France. The painters are unidentified and mainly copied portraits from other collections. The decorative work and emblems on the woodwork and coffered ceiling are by Pierre Mosnier. The chateau is listed as a historic monument and forms part of the Loire Valley UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_FRANCE_MC_0972.jpg
  • Last words of emperor Marcus Aurelius, oil painting on canvas, 1844, by Eugene Delacroix, 1798-1863, in the Musee des Beaux-Arts de Lyon, a fine arts museum opened 1801 in a former convent on the Place des Terreaux in Lyon, Rhone, France. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_FRANCE_MC_0789.jpg
  • Throne of Emperor Franz Joseph from l’Hotel Matignon, former Austrian embassy, in the furniture storage in the Batiment Perret, designed by Auguste Perret, 1874-1954, and built 1935-36, at Le Mobilier National, which commissions and conserves state furniture and administers the Gobelins Manufactory and Beauvais Manufactory, both historic tapestry workshops, in the 13th arrondissement of Paris, France. The concrete colonnaded building has space for workshops, threshing and washing areas, storage rooms and exhibition halls. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_PARIS_MC_131.jpg
  • Emperor Heraclius bearing the Holy Cross, painting, 1522-1530, by Cristovao de Figueiredo, originally painted for the altarpiece of the Santa Cruz Monastery, in the Museu Nacional de Machado de Castro, Coimbra, Portugal. The museum was opened in 1913 and renovated 2004-2012. The city of Coimbra dates back to Roman times and was the capital of Portugal from 1131 to 1255. Its historic buildings are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_PORTUGAL_MC_200.jpg
  • Portrait of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, 1500-58, in the Galerie des Illustres or Gallery of Portraits, early 17th century, in the Chateau de Beauregard, a Renaissance chateau in the Loire Valley, built c. 1545 under Jean du Thiers and further developed after 1617 by Paul Ardier, Comptroller of Wars and Treasurer, in Cellettes, Loir-et-Cher, Centre, France. The Gallery of Portraits is a 26m long room with lapis lazuli ceiling, Delftware tiled floor and decorated with 327 portraits of important European figures living 1328-1643, in the times of Henri III, Henri IV and Louis XIII. The chateau is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC_0954.jpg
  • Statue of Carlos V, or Charles V, 1500-58, Holy Roman Emperor and Charles I of Spain, in 1 of the 4 patios of the Hospital Real or Royal Hospital, designed by Enrique Egas in 1511 as a prison and hospital for the poor, Granada, Andalusia, Southern Spain. Granada was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1984. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_GRANADA_MC258.jpg
  • The Emperor at the Battle of Pavia in 1525, relief by Niccolo Da Corte, 1547, on the facade of the Palace of Charles V, designed by Pedro Machuca in the 16th century in Renaissance style as a residence for the Holy Roman Emperor in the Alhambra, Granada, Andalusia, Southern Spain. The Alhambra was begun in the 11th century as a castle, and in the 13th and 14th centuries served as the royal palace of the Nasrid sultans. The huge complex contains the Alcazaba, Nasrid palaces, gardens and Generalife. Granada was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1984. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_GRANADA_MC069.jpg
  • The Emperor at the Battle of Pavia in 1525, relief by Niccolo Da Corte, 1547, on the facade of the Palace of Charles V, designed by Pedro Machuca in the 16th century in Renaissance style as a residence for the Holy Roman Emperor in the Alhambra, Granada, Andalusia, Southern Spain. The Alhambra was begun in the 11th century as a castle, and in the 13th and 14th centuries served as the royal palace of the Nasrid sultans. The huge complex contains the Alcazaba, Nasrid palaces, gardens and Generalife. Granada was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1984. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_GRANADA_MC068.jpg
  • The Emperor at the Battle of Pavia in 1525, relief by Niccolo Da Corte, 1547, on the facade of the Palace of Charles V, designed by Pedro Machuca in the 16th century in Renaissance style as a residence for the Holy Roman Emperor in the Alhambra, Granada, Andalusia, Southern Spain. The Alhambra was begun in the 11th century as a castle, and in the 13th and 14th centuries served as the royal palace of the Nasrid sultans. The huge complex contains the Alcazaba, Nasrid palaces, gardens and Generalife. Granada was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1984. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_GRANADA_MC066.jpg
  • Constantine, Emperor of the East at Constantinople, is concerned about the rise of Islam, and dreams about the strength of Charlemagne, seen here on the right on horseback, with a white helmet, spear and red shield. An angel points at Charlemagne. Section of the dream of Constantine, from the Charlemagne window, early 13th century, in the ambulatory of Chartres Cathedral, Eure-et-Loir, France. Chartres cathedral was built 1194-1250 and is a fine example of Gothic architecture. Most of its windows date from 1205-40 although a few earlier 12th century examples are also intact. It was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC442.jpg
  • Constantine, Emperor of the East, offers 3 gold and silver reliquaries to Charlemagne as a gesture of thanks for delivering the Holy Land. They may contain the crown of thorns, a piece of the true cross and the shroud of Christ. This section may attest to the authenticity of Chartres' relics. Section of Constantine offering relics to Charlemagne, from the Charlemagne window, early 13th century, in the ambulatory of Chartres Cathedral, Eure-et-Loir, France. Chartres cathedral was built 1194-1250 and is a fine example of Gothic architecture. Most of its windows date from 1205-40 although a few earlier 12th century examples are also intact. It was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC443.jpg
  • Temple of Hadrian, 2nd century AD, Curetes Street, Ephesus, Izmir, Turkey. The temple was built by Quintilius before 138 AD and was dedicated to the Emperor Hadrian, who came to visit the city from Athens in 128 AD. The colonnade in front of the cella supports a so-called Syrian gable. The reliefs over the door lintel depicting the Ephesian foundation myth were added later. Around 300 AD statues of the emperors Diocletian, Constantius, Maximianus and later Theodosius I were erected, of which inscribed bases are preserved. The facade of the temple has 4 Corinthian style columns supporting a curved arch, in the middle of which contains a relief of Tyche, goddess of victory. The side columns are square. The pedestal with inscriptions in front of the temple, are the bases for the statues of emperors Diocletian, Maximian, Constantius I, and Galerius; the originals of the statues have not been found yet. Ephesus was an ancient Greek city founded in the 10th century BC, and later a major Roman city, on the Ionian coast near present day Selcuk. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC386.jpg
  • Temple of Hadrian, 2nd century AD, Curetes Street, Ephesus, Izmir, Turkey. The temple was built by Quintilius before 138 AD and was dedicated to the Emperor Hadrian, who came to visit the city from Athens in 128 AD. The colonnade in front of the cella supports a so-called Syrian gable. The reliefs over the door lintel depicting the Ephesian foundation myth were added later. Around 300 AD statues of the emperors Diocletian, Constantius, Maximianus and later Theodosius I were erected, of which inscribed bases are preserved. The facade of the temple has 4 Corinthian style columns supporting a curved arch, in the middle of which contains a relief of Tyche, goddess of victory. The side columns are square. The pedestal with inscriptions in front of the temple, are the bases for the statues of emperors Diocletian, Maximian, Constantius I, and Galerius; the originals of the statues have not been found yet. Inside the temple above the door, a human figure, probably Medusa, stands with ornaments of acanthus leaves. Ephesus was an ancient Greek city founded in the 10th century BC, and later a major Roman city, on the Ionian coast near present day Selcuk. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC300.jpg
  • Detail of bronze sculpture of Roman Emperor Nerva, pictured in Rome, Italy, on December 11, 2010, in the midday light. Marcus Cocceius Nerva Caesar Augustus (30-98), reigned 96-98. His predecessor, Domitian, was assassinated. Nerva was succeeded by Trajan. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCROME2010_MC002.jpg
  • Detail of bronze sculpture of Roman Emperor Nerva, pictured in Rome, Italy, on December 11, 2010, in the midday light. Marcus Cocceius Nerva Caesar Augustus (30-98), reigned 96-98. His predecessor, Domitian, was assassinated. Nerva was succeeded by Trajan. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCROME2010_MC001.jpg
  • Emperor Nero (37-68AD), plaster cast, Macellum, Pompeii, Italy. The original statue portraying the Emperor Nero as a young man, is now situated in National Museum of Naples. The Macellum, 2nd century BC, Pompeii's covered food market  on the North East of the Forum, contained an Imperial Shrine demonstrating that the cult developed before the 79AD earthquake. Pompeii was seriously damaged by an earthquake in 62AD and engulfed by Volcanic ash after a major eruption of Mount Vesuvius in August 79AD. It lay almost undisturbed  until archaeologists started to excavate it seriously in the 18th century. Photograph by Manuel Cohen.
    LCITALY070483.JPG
  • The Emperor at the Battle of Pavia in 1525, relief by Niccolo Da Corte, 1547, on the facade of the Palace of Charles V, designed by Pedro Machuca in the 16th century in Renaissance style as a residence for the Holy Roman Emperor in the Alhambra, Granada, Andalusia, Southern Spain. The Alhambra was begun in the 11th century as a castle, and in the 13th and 14th centuries served as the royal palace of the Nasrid sultans. The huge complex contains the Alcazaba, Nasrid palaces, gardens and Generalife. Granada was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1984. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_GRANADA_MC076.jpg
  • Temple of Hadrian, 2nd century AD, Curetes Street, Ephesus, Izmir, Turkey. The temple was built by Quintilius before 138 AD and was dedicated to the Emperor Hadrian, who came to visit the city from Athens in 128 AD. The colonnade in front of the cella supports a so-called Syrian gable. The reliefs over the door lintel depicting the Ephesian foundation myth were added later. Around 300 AD statues of the emperors Diocletian, Constantius, Maximianus and later Theodosius I were erected, of which inscribed bases are preserved. The facade of the temple has 4 Corinthian style columns supporting a curved arch, in the middle of which contains a relief of Tyche, goddess of victory. The side columns are square. The pedestal with inscriptions in front of the temple, are the bases for the statues of emperors Diocletian, Maximian, Constantius I, and Galerius; the originals of the statues have not been found yet. Inside the temple above the door, a human figure, probably Medusa, stands with ornaments of acanthus leaves. Ephesus was an ancient Greek city founded in the 10th century BC, and later a major Roman city, on the Ionian coast near present day Selcuk. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Turkey_MC301.jpg
  • Domus Flavia (Flavian Palace), rising high above Circus Maximus on Palatine Hill, Rome, Italy. Completed in 92 AD in the reign of Titus Flavius Domitianus, known as the Emperor Domitian, the Flavian Palace was attributed to his master architect, Rabirius. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCITALY12_MC597.jpg
  • Domus Flavia (Flavian Palace), rising high above Circus Maximus on Palatine Hill, Rome, Italy. Completed in 92 AD in the reign of Titus Flavius Domitianus, known as the Emperor Domitian, the Flavian Palace was attributed to his master architect, Rabirius. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCITALY12_MC602.jpg
  • Domus Flavia (Flavian Palace), rising high above Circus Maximus on Palatine Hill, Rome, Italy. Completed in 92 AD in the reign of Titus Flavius Domitianus, known as the Emperor Domitian, the Flavian Palace was attributed to his master architect, Rabirius. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCITALY12_MC599.jpg
  • Domus Flavia (Flavian Palace), rising high above Circus Maximus on Palatine Hill, Rome, Italy. Completed in 92 AD in the reign of Titus Flavius Domitianus, known as the Emperor Domitian, the Flavian Palace was attributed to his master architect, Rabirius. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCITALY12_MC600.jpg
  • Nerva (Marcus Cocceius Nerva Caesar Augustus), 30 - 98 AD, Roman Emperor, bronze patina statue in the Trajan's Forum, Rome, Italy, Baroque church of Santissimo Nome di Maria al Foro Traiano (Church of the Most Holy Name of Mary at the Trajan Forum) visible in the background. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCITALY12_MC118.jpg
  • Main altar with original 7th-century icon of the Madonna and Child and apse decorated with a golden mosaic featuring crosses, Rotunda of the Pantheon, ancient temple in Rome dating from 125 AD by Emperor Hadrian (reconstruction), later converted into the church of Santa Maria ad Martyres, Rome, Italy. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCITALY12_MC109.jpg
  • General view of Hagia Sophia, 532-37, by Isidore of Miletus and Anthemius of Tralles, Istanbul, Turkey, floodlit in the evening. Hagia Sophia, The Church of the Holy Wisdom, has been a  Byzantine church and an Ottoman mosque and is now a museum. The current building, the third on the site, commissioned by Emperor Justinian I, is a very fine example of Byzantine architecture. The historical areas of the city were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_ISTANBUL_11_MC103.jpg
  • Panoramic view of Hagia Sophia, 532-37, by Isidore of Miletus and Anthemius of Tralles, Istanbul, Turkey, at sunset. Hagia Sophia, The Church of the Holy Wisdom, has been a  Byzantine church and an Ottoman mosque and is now a museum. The current building, the third on the site, commissioned by Emperor Justinian I, is a very fine example of Byzantine architecture. The historical areas of the city were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_ISTANBUL_11_MC102.jpg
  • General view of Hagia Sophia, 532-37, by Isidore of Miletus and Anthemius of Tralles, Istanbul, Turkey. Hagia Sophia, The Church of the Holy Wisdom, has been a  Byzantine church and an Ottoman mosque and is now a museum. The current building, the third on the site, commissioned by Emperor Justinian I, is a very fine example of Byzantine architecture. The historical areas were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_ISTANBUL_11_MC034.jpg
  • General view of Hagia Sophia, 532-37, by Isidore of Miletus and Anthemius of Tralles, Istanbul, Turkey. Hagia Sophia, The Church of the Holy Wisdom, has been a  Byzantine church and an Ottoman mosque and is now a museum. The current building, the third on the site, commissioned by Emperor Justinian I, is a very fine example of Byzantine architecture. The historical areas of the city were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_ISTANBUL_11_MC033.jpg
  • General view of Hagia Sophia, 532-37, by Isidore of Miletus and Anthemius of Tralles, Istanbul, Turkey. Hagia Sophia, The Church of the Holy Wisdom, has been a  Byzantine church and an Ottoman mosque and is now a museum. The current building, the third on the site, commissioned by Emperor Justinian I, is a very fine example of Byzantine architecture. The historical areas of the city were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_ISTANBUL_11_MC030.jpg
  • Detail of Deesis mosaic, 12th-13th century, showing Jesus Christ, Hagia Sophia, 532-37, by Isidore of Miletus and Anthemius of Tralles, Istanbul, Turkey. Hagia Sophia, The Church of the Holy Wisdom, has been a  Byzantine church and an Ottoman mosque and is now a museum. The current building, the third on the site, commissioned by Emperor Justinian I, is a very fine example of Byzantine architecture. The historical areas of the city were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_ISTANBUL_11_MC019.jpg
  • Detail of Deesis mosaic, 12th-13th century, showing Virgin Mary, Jesus Christ, and John the Baptist, Hagia Sophia, 532-37, by Isidore of Miletus and Anthemius of Tralles, Istanbul, Turkey. Hagia Sophia, The Church of the Holy Wisdom, has been a  Byzantine church and an Ottoman mosque and is now a museum. The current building, the third on the site, commissioned by Emperor Justinian I, is a very fine example of Byzantine architecture. The historical areas of the city were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_ISTANBUL_11_MC018.jpg
  • High angle view of interior showing Islamic elements in the ceiling, Hagia Sophia, 532-37, by Isidore of Miletus and Anthemius of Tralles, Istanbul, Turkey. Hagia Sophia, The Church of the Holy Wisdom, has been a  Byzantine church and an Ottoman mosque and is now a museum. The current building, the third on the site, commissioned by Emperor Justinian I, is a very fine example of Byzantine architecture. The historical areas of the city were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_ISTANBUL_11_MC016.jpg
  • View from below of interior and domes showing Islamic elements in the ceiling,  Hagia Sophia, 532-37, by Isidore of Miletus and Anthemius of Tralles, Istanbul, Turkey. Hagia Sophia, The Church of the Holy Wisdom, has been a  Byzantine church and an Ottoman mosque and is now a museum. The current building, the third on the site, commissioned by Emperor Justinian I, is a very fine example of Byzantine architecture. The historical areas of the city were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_ISTANBUL_11_MC011.jpg
  • View from below of interior and domes showing Islamic elements in the ceiling,  Hagia Sophia, 532-37, by Isidore of Miletus and Anthemius of Tralles, Istanbul, Turkey. Hagia Sophia, The Church of the Holy Wisdom, has been a  Byzantine church and an Ottoman mosque and is now a museum. The current building, the third on the site, commissioned by Emperor Justinian I, is a very fine example of Byzantine architecture. The historical areas of the city were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_ISTANBUL_11_MC010.jpg
  • View from below of interior and domes showing Islamic elements in the ceiling,  Hagia Sophia, 532-37, by Isidore of Miletus and Anthemius of Tralles, Istanbul, Turkey. Hagia Sophia, The Church of the Holy Wisdom, has been a  Byzantine church and an Ottoman mosque and is now a museum. The current building, the third on the site, commissioned by Emperor Justinian I, is a very fine example of Byzantine architecture. The historical areas of the city were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_ISTANBUL_11_MC009.jpg
  • Domus Flavia (Flavian Palace), rising high above Circus Maximus on Palatine Hill, Rome, Italy. Completed in 92 AD in the reign of Titus Flavius Domitianus, known as the Emperor Domitian, the Flavian Palace was attributed to his master architect, Rabirius. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCITALY12_MC603.jpg
  • Domus Flavia (Flavian Palace), rising high above Circus Maximus on Palatine Hill, Rome, Italy. Completed in 92 AD in the reign of Titus Flavius Domitianus, known as the Emperor Domitian, the Flavian Palace was attributed to his master architect, Rabirius. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCITALY12_MC601.jpg
  • Domus Flavia (Flavian Palace), rising high above Circus Maximus on Palatine Hill, Rome, Italy. Completed in 92 AD in the reign of Titus Flavius Domitianus, known as the Emperor Domitian, the Flavian Palace was attributed to his master architect, Rabirius. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCITALY12_MC598.jpg
  • Panoramic view of Hagia Sophia, 532-37, by Isidore of Miletus and Anthemius of Tralles, with the Topkapi Palace on the left, Istanbul, Turkey. Hagia Sophia, The Church of the Holy Wisdom, has been a  Byzantine church and an Ottoman mosque and is now a museum. The current building, the third on the site, commissioned by Emperor Justinian I, is a very fine example of Byzantine architecture. The historical areas of the city were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_ISTANBUL_11_MC100.jpg
  • General view of Hagia Sophia, 532-37, by Isidore of Miletus and Anthemius of Tralles, Istanbul, Turkey. Hagia Sophia, The Church of the Holy Wisdom, has been a  Byzantine church and an Ottoman mosque and is now a museum. The current building, the third on the site, commissioned by Emperor Justinian I, is a very fine example of Byzantine architecture. The historical areas of the city were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_ISTANBUL_11_MC035.jpg
  • General view of Hagia Sophia, 532-37, by Isidore of Miletus and Anthemius of Tralles, Istanbul, Turkey, pictured on May 21, 2011, at sunset. Hagia Sophia, The Church of the Holy Wisdom, has been a  Byzantine church and an Ottoman mosque and is now a museum. The current building, the third on the site, commissioned by Emperor Justinian I, is a very fine example of Byzantine architecture. The historical areas of the city were declared a UNECSO World Heritage Site in 1985. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_ISTANBUL_11_MC032.jpg
  • General view of Hagia Sophia, 532-37, by Isidore of Miletus and Anthemius of Tralles, Istanbul, Turkey. Hagia Sophia, The Church of the Holy Wisdom, has been a  Byzantine church and an Ottoman mosque and is now a museum. The current building, the third on the site, commissioned by Emperor Justinian I, is a very fine example of Byzantine architecture. The historical areas of the city were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_ISTANBUL_11_MC031.jpg
  • High angle view of interior, Hagia Sophia, 532-37, by Isidore of Miletus and Anthemius of Tralles, Istanbul, Turkey. Hagia Sophia, The Church of the Holy Wisdom, has been a  Byzantine church and an Ottoman mosque and is now a museum. The current building, the third on the site, commissioned by Emperor Justinian I, is a very fine example of Byzantine architecture. The historical areas of the city were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_ISTANBUL_11_MC026.jpg
  • Detail of Deesis mosaic of the Virgin Mary and Jesus (Theotokos and Christ), 12th-13th century, Hagia Sophia, 532-37, by Isidore of Miletus and Anthemius of Tralles, Istanbul, Turkey. Hagia Sophia, The Church of the Holy Wisdom, has been a  Byzantine church and an Ottoman mosque and is now a museum. The current building, the third on the site, commissioned by Emperor Justinian I, is a very fine example of Byzantine architecture. The historical areas of the city were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_ISTANBUL_11_MC023.jpg
  • High angle view of interior showing Islamic elements from the balcony of the tribune, Hagia Sophia, 532-37, by Isidore of Miletus and Anthemius of Tralles, Istanbul, Turkey. Hagia Sophia, The Church of the Holy Wisdom, has been a  Byzantine church and an Ottoman mosque and is now a museum. The current building, the third on the site, commissioned by Emperor Justinian I, is a very fine example of Byzantine architecture. The historical areas of the city were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_ISTANBUL_11_MC017.jpg
  • View from below of interior and domes showing Islamic elements in the ceiling, Hagia Sophia, 532-37, by Isidore of Miletus and Anthemius of Tralles, Istanbul, Turkey. Hagia Sophia, The Church of the Holy Wisdom, has been a  Byzantine church and an Ottoman mosque and is now a museum. The current building, the third on the site, commissioned by Emperor Justinian I, is a very fine example of Byzantine architecture. The historical areas of the city were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_ISTANBUL_11_MC013.jpg
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