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  • Coat of arms of Richelieu, with the cardinal's hat above, 19th century copy of the original stained glass window, in the Chapelle de la Sorbonne, or La Chapelle Sainte Ursule de la Sorbonne, built 1635-42 by architect Jacques Lemercier, at the Sorbonne, the main building of the University of Paris, in the 5th arrondissement of Paris, France. Cardinal Richelieu was the principal of the Sorbonne and is buried in the chapel. The chapel is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_PARIS_MC_0677.jpg
  • Effigy of Margaret of Bavaria with angels holding coat of arms, from the tomb of Jean sans Peur, or John the Fearless, 1371-1419, (Jean de Valois or John of Valois, Jean I, duc de Bourgogne, or John I, Duke of Burgundy) and his wife Marguerite de Baviere, or Margaret of Bavaria, 1363- 1423, 1443-70, by Jean de la Huerta, 1413-62, and Antoine le Moiturier, 1425-97, in the Grande Salle du Palais des ducs de Bourgogne, or Salle des Gardes, a 15th century Flamboyant Gothic hall, in the Musee des Beaux-Arts de Dijon, opened 1787 in the Palace of the Dukes of Burgundy in Dijon, Burgundy, France. The tomb consists of painted alabaster effigies with lions and angels, and below, figures of pleurants or weepers among Gothic tracery. The tomb was begun in 1443 (24 years after his death), by Jean de La Huerta, and Antoine le Moiturier after 1456, and finally installed in 1470. The tombs were originally from the Chartreuse de Champmol, or Chartreuse de la Sainte-Trinite de Champmol, a Carthusian monastery which was sacked in the French Revolution and the tombs moved to Dijon cathedral then here in 1827. The effigies are 19th century reconstructions, the originals being destroyed in the French Revolution. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0482.jpg
  • Effigy of Margaret of Bavaria with angels holding coat of arms, from the tomb of Jean sans Peur, or John the Fearless, 1371-1419, (Jean de Valois or John of Valois, Jean I, duc de Bourgogne, or John I, Duke of Burgundy) and his wife Marguerite de Baviere, or Margaret of Bavaria, 1363- 1423, 1443-70, by Jean de la Huerta, 1413-62, and Antoine le Moiturier, 1425-97, in the Grande Salle du Palais des ducs de Bourgogne, or Salle des Gardes, a 15th century Flamboyant Gothic hall, in the Musee des Beaux-Arts de Dijon, opened 1787 in the Palace of the Dukes of Burgundy in Dijon, Burgundy, France. The tomb consists of painted alabaster effigies with lions and angels, and below, figures of pleurants or weepers among Gothic tracery. The tomb was begun in 1443 (24 years after his death), by Jean de La Huerta, and Antoine le Moiturier after 1456, and finally installed in 1470. The tombs were originally from the Chartreuse de Champmol, or Chartreuse de la Sainte-Trinite de Champmol, a Carthusian monastery which was sacked in the French Revolution and the tombs moved to Dijon cathedral then here in 1827. The effigies are 19th century reconstructions, the originals being destroyed in the French Revolution. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0481.jpg
  • Effigy of Margaret of Bavaria with angels holding coat of arms, from the tomb of Jean sans Peur, or John the Fearless, 1371-1419, (Jean de Valois or John of Valois, Jean I, duc de Bourgogne, or John I, Duke of Burgundy) and his wife Marguerite de Baviere, or Margaret of Bavaria, 1363- 1423, 1443-70, by Jean de la Huerta, 1413-62, and Antoine le Moiturier, 1425-97, in the Grande Salle du Palais des ducs de Bourgogne, or Salle des Gardes, a 15th century Flamboyant Gothic hall, in the Musee des Beaux-Arts de Dijon, opened 1787 in the Palace of the Dukes of Burgundy in Dijon, Burgundy, France. The tomb consists of painted alabaster effigies with lions and angels, and below, figures of pleurants or weepers among Gothic tracery. The tomb was begun in 1443 (24 years after his death), by Jean de La Huerta, and Antoine le Moiturier after 1456, and finally installed in 1470. The tombs were originally from the Chartreuse de Champmol, or Chartreuse de la Sainte-Trinite de Champmol, a Carthusian monastery which was sacked in the French Revolution and the tombs moved to Dijon cathedral then here in 1827. The effigies are 19th century reconstructions, the originals being destroyed in the French Revolution. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0459.jpg
  • The Chapel of Our Lady of Mont Carmel, with its early 18th century altarpiece originally from the Church of Grands-Carmes in Perpignan, in Perpignan Cathedral, Perpignan, Pyrenees-Orientales, France. A statue of the Virgin and child is flanked by statues of the Jesuit saints St Stanislas Kostka, 1550-91 and St Louis de Gonzaue, 1568-91. Below is the coat of arms of the monastic order and statuettes of St Francois Xavier, 1506-52, Jesuit missionary in India, and St Jerome, hermit in Palestine and translator of the bible. The Cathedral Basilica of Saint John the Baptist of Perpignan, or Basilique-Cathedrale de Saint-Jean-Baptiste de Perpignan was begun in 1324 by King Sancho of Majorca in Catalan Gothic style, and later finished in the 15th century. The cathedral is listed as a national monument of France. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC1114.jpg
  • Angels with the coat of arms of Cardinal Beaton, 1 of the Beaton panels, in the National Museum of Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland. The 8 carved wooded Beaton panels were made for Cardinal David Beaton, in the 1530s and are late Gothic in style. They may have been made for the cardinal's private apartments in St Andrews Castle and later removed by John Beaton of Balfour, captain of the castle. They were then installed in the dining room of Balfour House in Fife. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC18_SCOTLAND_MC_060.jpg
  • Carved wooden alfarje ceiling with the coat of arms of Pedro I of Castile, in the Patio de las Doncellas, or Courtyard of the Maidens, in the Mudejar Palace, or Palacio del Rey Don Pedro, built by Pedro I of Castile, 1334-1369, in 1364, in the Real Alcazar, a Moorish royal palace in Seville, Andalusia, Spain. The Patio de las Doncellas is a courtyard surrounded by muqarnas arches and a central sunken garden. It is the main courtyard of the palace and was named after the Moorish annual tradition of demanding 100 virgins from their Christian kingdoms. The ground floor is in typical Mudejar style but the upper floor was added 1540-72 and shows Renaissance influences. The Alcazar was first founded as a fort in 913, then developed as a palace in the 11th, 12th and 13th centuries and used by both Muslim and Christian rulers. The Alcazar is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_SPAIN_MC051.jpg
  • Effigy of Margaret of Bavaria with angels holding coat of arms, from the tomb of Jean sans Peur, or John the Fearless, 1371-1419, (Jean de Valois or John of Valois, Jean I, duc de Bourgogne, or John I, Duke of Burgundy) and his wife Marguerite de Baviere, or Margaret of Bavaria, 1363- 1423, 1443-70, by Jean de la Huerta, 1413-62, and Antoine le Moiturier, 1425-97, in the Grande Salle du Palais des ducs de Bourgogne, or Salle des Gardes, a 15th century Flamboyant Gothic hall, in the Musee des Beaux-Arts de Dijon, opened 1787 in the Palace of the Dukes of Burgundy in Dijon, Burgundy, France. The tomb consists of painted alabaster effigies with lions and angels, and below, figures of pleurants or weepers among Gothic tracery. The tomb was begun in 1443 (24 years after his death), by Jean de La Huerta, and Antoine le Moiturier after 1456, and finally installed in 1470. The tombs were originally from the Chartreuse de Champmol, or Chartreuse de la Sainte-Trinite de Champmol, a Carthusian monastery which was sacked in the French Revolution and the tombs moved to Dijon cathedral then here in 1827. The effigies are 19th century reconstructions, the originals being destroyed in the French Revolution. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0480.JPG
  • Effigy of Margaret of Bavaria with angels holding coat of arms, from the tomb of Jean sans Peur, or John the Fearless, 1371-1419, (Jean de Valois or John of Valois, Jean I, duc de Bourgogne, or John I, Duke of Burgundy) and his wife Marguerite de Baviere, or Margaret of Bavaria, 1363- 1423, 1443-70, by Jean de la Huerta, 1413-62, and Antoine le Moiturier, 1425-97, in the Grande Salle du Palais des ducs de Bourgogne, or Salle des Gardes, a 15th century Flamboyant Gothic hall, in the Musee des Beaux-Arts de Dijon, opened 1787 in the Palace of the Dukes of Burgundy in Dijon, Burgundy, France. The tomb consists of painted alabaster effigies with lions and angels, and below, figures of pleurants or weepers among Gothic tracery. The tomb was begun in 1443 (24 years after his death), by Jean de La Huerta, and Antoine le Moiturier after 1456, and finally installed in 1470. The tombs were originally from the Chartreuse de Champmol, or Chartreuse de la Sainte-Trinite de Champmol, a Carthusian monastery which was sacked in the French Revolution and the tombs moved to Dijon cathedral then here in 1827. The effigies are 19th century reconstructions, the originals being destroyed in the French Revolution. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0478.jpg
  • Effigy of Margaret of Bavaria with angels holding coat of arms, from the tomb of Jean sans Peur, or John the Fearless, 1371-1419, (Jean de Valois or John of Valois, Jean I, duc de Bourgogne, or John I, Duke of Burgundy) and his wife Marguerite de Baviere, or Margaret of Bavaria, 1363- 1423, 1443-70, by Jean de la Huerta, 1413-62, and Antoine le Moiturier, 1425-97, in the Grande Salle du Palais des ducs de Bourgogne, or Salle des Gardes, a 15th century Flamboyant Gothic hall, in the Musee des Beaux-Arts de Dijon, opened 1787 in the Palace of the Dukes of Burgundy in Dijon, Burgundy, France. The tomb consists of painted alabaster effigies with lions and angels, and below, figures of pleurants or weepers among Gothic tracery. The tomb was begun in 1443 (24 years after his death), by Jean de La Huerta, and Antoine le Moiturier after 1456, and finally installed in 1470. The tombs were originally from the Chartreuse de Champmol, or Chartreuse de la Sainte-Trinite de Champmol, a Carthusian monastery which was sacked in the French Revolution and the tombs moved to Dijon cathedral then here in 1827. The effigies are 19th century reconstructions, the originals being destroyed in the French Revolution. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0466.jpg
  • Funerary monument of Charles IV of Anjou, Count of Maine, 1472, by Francesco Laurana, marble effigy lying atop an antique sarcophagus, in the Cathedrale Saint-Julien du Mans or Cathedral of St Julian of Le Mans, Le Mans, Sarthe, Loire, France. Charles IV wears a crown and armour with the fleur de lys and coat of arms of Maine. The cathedral was built from the 6th to the 14th centuries, with both Romanesque and High Gothic elements. It is dedicated to St Julian of Le Mans, the city's first bishop, who established Christianity in the area in the 4th century AD. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0477.jpg
  • Stained glass window with at the top, a prince and princess offered bread and salt on arrival at Marchais castle and below, Prince Rainier and Prince Albert of Monaco with their coat of arms, 1975, in the Grimaldi Chapel in the Basilica of Liesse Notre Dame, built 1134 in Flamboyant Gothic style by the Chevaliers d'Eppes, then rebuilt in 1384 and enlarged in 1480 and again in the 19th century, Liesse-Notre-Dame, Laon, Picardy, France. Pilgrims flock here to worship the Black Virgin, based on Ismeria, the Soudanese daughter of the sultan of Cairo El-Afdhal, who saved the lives of French knights during the Crusades, converted to christianity and married Robert d'Eppes, son of Guillaume II of France. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0370.jpg
  • Stained glass window with Prince Rainier and Prince Albert of Monaco with their coat of arms, 1975, in the Grimaldi Chapel in the Basilica of Liesse Notre Dame, built 1134 in Flamboyant Gothic style by the Chevaliers d'Eppes, then rebuilt in 1384 and enlarged in 1480 and again in the 19th century, Liesse-Notre-Dame, Laon, Picardy, France. Pilgrims flock here to worship the Black Virgin, based on Ismeria, the Soudanese daughter of the sultan of Cairo El-Afdhal, who saved the lives of French knights during the Crusades, converted to christianity and married Robert d'Eppes, son of Guillaume II of France. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0340.jpg
  • Canopied ceremonial bed with a gilded wooden headboard with the family's coat of arms, Louis XV period, in the bedroom of Marechal Adrien Maurice de Noailles, 1678-1766, in the petits appartements in the main building, at the Chateau de Maintenon, built 13th - 18th century, and from 1674, residence of Madame de Maintenon, 1635-1719, second wife of King Louis XIV, at Maintenon, Eure-et-Loir, France. The Noailles family owned the castle from 1698 until the 20th century. The castle is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_FRANCE_MC_0222.jpg
  • Canopied ceremonial bed with a gilded wooden headboard with the family's coat of arms, Louis XV period, in the bedroom of Marechal Adrien Maurice de Noailles, 1678-1766, in the petits appartements in the main building, at the Chateau de Maintenon, built 13th - 18th century, and from 1674, residence of Madame de Maintenon, 1635-1719, second wife of King Louis XIV, at Maintenon, Eure-et-Loir, France. The Noailles family owned the castle from 1698 until the 20th century. The castle is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_FRANCE_MC_0224.jpg
  • Bedroom of Marechal Adrien Maurice de Noailles, 1678-1766, with an 18th century canopied ceremonial bed with a gilded wooden headboard with the family's coat of arms, in the petits appartements in the main building, at the Chateau de Maintenon, built 13th - 18th century, and from 1674, residence of Madame de Maintenon, 1635-1719, second wife of King Louis XIV, at Maintenon, Eure-et-Loir, France. The Noailles family owned the castle from 1698 until the 20th century. The castle is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_FRANCE_MC_0245.jpg
  • Carved stone panel with the coat of arms of the Archibald family, late 17th century, found in Young Street, Edinburgh and given by Thomas Stevenson, in the National Museum of Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC18_SCOTLAND_MC_064.jpg
  • Cavalry helmet, detail with coat of arms, at the Ateliers de la Garde Republicaine, or workshops of the Republican Guard, 10, Avenue de la Republique, Paris, France. The Empire cuirassier cavalry helmets are made from over 80 pieces of steel or brass riveted or welded on site, and a horsehair mane. The Garde Republicaine was founded by Napoleon in 1802. It is part of the Gendarmerie and is responsible for security, guards of honour, military ceremonies and horseback patrols. In its workshops, master craftsmen maintain the equipment used by the horsemen and infantrymen, using traditional and sometimes ancient techniques passed down through the generations. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC18_FRANCE_MC_0575.jpg
  • Coat of arms carved onto a medieval stone tomb inside the castle, at the Rock of Cashel, at Cashel, County Tipperary, Ireland. The complex includes a 12th century round tower, High Cross, Romanesque chapel, 13th century Gothic cathedral, 15th century castle and the restored Hall of the Vicars Choral. According to legend, St Patrick converted Aenghus, King of Munster to christianity here in the 5th century AD. The current buildings date to the 12th and 13th centuries. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC18_Ireland_MC_077.jpg
  • Fresco detail from the ceiling of the Room of the Swans, used as a theatre, in the Winter Apartment, painted 1567-69 by Federico Zuccari, 1542-1609, with the coat of arms of Odoardo Farnese and flying swans, in the Villa Farnese or Villa Caprarola, a 16th century Renaissance and Mannerist fortified villa designed by Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola and built 1559-73 for the Farnese family under Cardinal Alessandro Farnese, in Caprarola, Viterbo, Lazio, Italy. The ceiling was inspired by Giulio Romani's ceiling in Villa Madama. The Villa Farnese is now owned by the state and run by the Polo Museale del Lazio. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ITALY_MC_0377.jpg
  • Canopied ceremonial bed with a gilded wooden headboard with the family's coat of arms, Louis XV period, in the bedroom of Marechal Adrien Maurice de Noailles, 1678-1766, in the petits appartements in the main building, at the Chateau de Maintenon, built 13th - 18th century, and from 1674, residence of Madame de Maintenon, 1635-1719, second wife of King Louis XIV, at Maintenon, Eure-et-Loir, France. The Noailles family owned the castle from 1698 until the 20th century. The castle is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_FRANCE_MC_0223.jpg
  • Arcature with armorial bearing of Marseille, with emblems of Dijon, Toulouse and Nantes, in the hall, 4 storeys high and topped with a pinnacled dome made from glass and a self-supporting steel structure, in the registered head office of Societe Generale, at 29 Boulevard Haussmann in the 9th arrondissement of Paris, France. The steel structure was made by Moysant-Laurent and Savey at the Imphy steelworks. The glazed 18m wide dome was made by Jacques Galand. The bank was founded in 1864 and these buildings were transformed 1906-12 by Jacques Hermant, and in use from 1915. Societe Generale remains one of the largest banks in the world, although its headquarters are now at La Defense. The Haussmann building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    DRN_LC18_SOCIETEGENERALE_MC_065.jpg
  • Arcature with armorial bearing of Paris, with emblems of Roubaix and Saint-Etienne, in the hall, 4 storeys high and topped with a pinnacled dome made from glass and a self-supporting steel structure, in the registered head office of Societe Generale, at 29 Boulevard Haussmann in the 9th arrondissement of Paris, France. The steel structure was made by Moysant-Laurent and Savey at the Imphy steelworks. The glazed 18m wide dome was made by Jacques Galand. The bank was founded in 1864 and these buildings were transformed 1906-12 by Jacques Hermant, and in use from 1915. Societe Generale remains one of the largest banks in the world, although its headquarters are now at La Defense. The Haussmann building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    DRN_LC18_SOCIETEGENERALE_MC_064.jpg
  • Gilded stucco eagle with coats of arms of the kingdoms of Austria and Vavaria, above the door in the Boudoir of the Empress, decorated 1854-56 by Giovanni Rossi, in the Sissi apartments, used by empress Elisabeth of Austria (Sissi) from 1856, in the Royal Palace of Venice, now the Correr Museum, on the Piazza San Marco in Venice, Veneto, Italy. The Napoleonic wing was built 1807-13 designed by Giovanni Antonio Antolini and Giuseppe Maria Soli and was used by Napoleon until 1814, the Emperor of Austria until 1866 and the king of Italy until 1919, and restored 2000-22. The historic centre of Venice is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_ITALY_MC_0160.jpg
  • Staircase of Honour, with stucco coats of arms of European aristocracy joined by marriage to the Borromeos, 1680, by Francesco Maino, in the Palazzo Borromeo, built 1632-1948 by the Borromeo family, on Isola Bella, in the Isole Borromee or Borromean Islands, on Lake Maggiore, Piedmont, Italy. The palazzo, begun 1632, was designed by Angelo Crivelli, for Carlo III Borromeo and his wife Isabella D'Adda, then completed by Carlo Fontana for Giberto III Borromeo and Vitaliano VI Borromeo. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_ITALY_MC_0029.jpg
  • Staircase of Honour, with stucco coats of arms of European aristocracy joined by marriage to the Borromeos, 1680, by Francesco Maino, in the Palazzo Borromeo, built 1632-1948 by the Borromeo family, on Isola Bella, in the Isole Borromee or Borromean Islands, on Lake Maggiore, Piedmont, Italy. The palazzo, begun 1632, was designed by Angelo Crivelli, for Carlo III Borromeo and his wife Isabella D'Adda, then completed by Carlo Fontana for Giberto III Borromeo and Vitaliano VI Borromeo. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_ITALY_MC_0028.jpg
  • Tomb of Roi Rene, duc d'Anjou et roi de Sicile, with painted wall with coats of arms and fleurs de lys, in the wall behind the altar in the choir of the Cathedrale Saint-Maurice d'Angers, a Roman catholic church consecrated in 1096 and built 11th - 16th centuries, in Romanesque, Gothic and Angevin Gothic styles, in Angers, Maine-et-Loire, France. The cathedral is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_FRANCE_MC_0501.jpg
  • Tomb of Roi Rene, duc d'Anjou et roi de Sicile, with painted wall with coats of arms and fleurs de lys, in the wall behind the altar in the choir of the Cathedrale Saint-Maurice d'Angers, a Roman catholic church consecrated in 1096 and built 11th - 16th centuries, in Romanesque, Gothic and Angevin Gothic styles, in Angers, Maine-et-Loire, France. The cathedral is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_FRANCE_MC_0500.jpg
  • Royal arms from Scotorum Historiae by Hector Boece published in Paris 1526, 1 of the Beaton panels, in the National Museum of Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland. The 8 carved wooded Beaton panels were made for Cardinal David Beaton, in the 1530s and are late Gothic in style. They may have been made for the cardinal's private apartments in St Andrews Castle and later removed by John Beaton of Balfour, captain of the castle. They were then installed in the dining room of Balfour House in Fife. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC18_SCOTLAND_MC_061.jpg
  • Architectural detail with royal coats of arms from La Chapelle de la Trinite or Chapel of the Trinity, 16th century, originally a monastery church belonging to the Mathurin monks under Saint Louis and re-annexed to the chateau under Francois I, Chateau de Fontainebleau, France. The proto-baroque decor is of the Second Ecole de Fontainebleau style. Louis XV was married in this chapel in the 18th century and Napoleon III was baptised here in the early 19th century. The Palace of Fontainebleau is one of the largest French royal palaces and was begun in the early 16th century for Francois I. It was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC528.jpg
  • Portrait of Jean Sylvain de Barbe de la Barthe, by Pierre Lacour, 1745-1814, from the collection of the Musee des Arts Decoratifs de Bordeaux, exhibited in the Musee d'Aquitaine, Cours Pasteur, Bordeaux, Aquitaine, France. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC_1329.jpg
  • Angel from the tomb of Jean sans Peur, or John the Fearless, 1371-1419, (Jean de Valois or John of Valois, Jean I, duc de Bourgogne, or John I, Duke of Burgundy) and his wife Marguerite de Baviere, or Margaret of Bavaria, 1363- 1423, 1443-70, by Jean de la Huerta, 1413-62, and Antoine le Moiturier, 1425-97, in the Grande Salle du Palais des ducs de Bourgogne, or Salle des Gardes, a 15th century Flamboyant Gothic hall, in the Musee des Beaux-Arts de Dijon, opened 1787 in the Palace of the Dukes of Burgundy in Dijon, Burgundy, France. The tomb consists of painted alabaster effigies with lions and angels, and below, figures of pleurants or weepers among Gothic tracery. The tomb was begun in 1443 (24 years after his death), by Jean de La Huerta, and Antoine le Moiturier after 1456, and finally installed in 1470. The tombs were originally from the Chartreuse de Champmol, or Chartreuse de la Sainte-Trinite de Champmol, a Carthusian monastery which was sacked in the French Revolution and the tombs moved to Dijon cathedral then here in 1827. The effigies are 19th century reconstructions, the originals being destroyed in the French Revolution. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0491.jpg
  • Tomb of Jean sans Peur, or John the Fearless, 1371-1419, (Jean de Valois or John of Valois, Jean I, duc de Bourgogne, or John I, Duke of Burgundy) and his wife Marguerite de Baviere, or Margaret of Bavaria, 1363- 1423, 1443-70, by Jean de la Huerta, 1413-62, and Antoine le Moiturier, 1425-97, in the Grande Salle du Palais des ducs de Bourgogne, or Salle des Gardes, a 15th century Flamboyant Gothic hall, in the Musee des Beaux-Arts de Dijon, opened 1787 in the Palace of the Dukes of Burgundy in Dijon, Burgundy, France. The tomb consists of painted alabaster effigies with lions and angels, and below, figures of pleurants or weepers among Gothic tracery. The tomb was begun in 1443 (24 years after his death), by Jean de La Huerta, and Antoine le Moiturier after 1456, and finally installed in 1470. The tombs were originally from the Chartreuse de Champmol, or Chartreuse de la Sainte-Trinite de Champmol, a Carthusian monastery which was sacked in the French Revolution and the tombs moved to Dijon cathedral then here in 1827. The effigies are 19th century reconstructions, the originals being destroyed in the French Revolution. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0470.jpg
  • Tomb of Jean sans Peur, or John the Fearless, 1371-1419, (Jean de Valois or John of Valois, Jean I, duc de Bourgogne, or John I, Duke of Burgundy) and his wife Marguerite de Baviere, or Margaret of Bavaria, 1363- 1423, 1443-70, by Jean de la Huerta, 1413-62, and Antoine le Moiturier, 1425-97, in the Grande Salle du Palais des ducs de Bourgogne, or Salle des Gardes, a 15th century Flamboyant Gothic hall, in the Musee des Beaux-Arts de Dijon, opened 1787 in the Palace of the Dukes of Burgundy in Dijon, Burgundy, France. The tomb consists of painted alabaster effigies with lions and angels, and below, figures of pleurants or weepers among Gothic tracery. The tomb was begun in 1443 (24 years after his death), by Jean de La Huerta, and Antoine le Moiturier after 1456, and finally installed in 1470. The tombs were originally from the Chartreuse de Champmol, or Chartreuse de la Sainte-Trinite de Champmol, a Carthusian monastery which was sacked in the French Revolution and the tombs moved to Dijon cathedral then here in 1827. The effigies are 19th century reconstructions, the originals being destroyed in the French Revolution. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0472.jpg
  • Tomb of Jean sans Peur, or John the Fearless, 1371-1419, (Jean de Valois or John of Valois, Jean I, duc de Bourgogne, or John I, Duke of Burgundy) and his wife Marguerite de Baviere, or Margaret of Bavaria, 1363- 1423, 1443-70, by Jean de la Huerta, 1413-62, and Antoine le Moiturier, 1425-97, in the Grande Salle du Palais des ducs de Bourgogne, or Salle des Gardes, a 15th century Flamboyant Gothic hall, in the Musee des Beaux-Arts de Dijon, opened 1787 in the Palace of the Dukes of Burgundy in Dijon, Burgundy, France. The tomb consists of painted alabaster effigies with lions and angels, and below, figures of pleurants or weepers among Gothic tracery. The tomb was begun in 1443 (24 years after his death), by Jean de La Huerta, and Antoine le Moiturier after 1456, and finally installed in 1470. The tombs were originally from the Chartreuse de Champmol, or Chartreuse de la Sainte-Trinite de Champmol, a Carthusian monastery which was sacked in the French Revolution and the tombs moved to Dijon cathedral then here in 1827. The effigies are 19th century reconstructions, the originals being destroyed in the French Revolution. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0456.jpg
  • Tomb of Jean sans Peur, or John the Fearless, 1371-1419, (Jean de Valois or John of Valois, Jean I, duc de Bourgogne, or John I, Duke of Burgundy) and his wife Marguerite de Baviere, or Margaret of Bavaria, 1363- 1423, 1443-70, by Jean de la Huerta, 1413-62, and Antoine le Moiturier, 1425-97, in the Grande Salle du Palais des ducs de Bourgogne, or Salle des Gardes, a 15th century Flamboyant Gothic hall, in the Musee des Beaux-Arts de Dijon, opened 1787 in the Palace of the Dukes of Burgundy in Dijon, Burgundy, France. The tomb consists of painted alabaster effigies with lions and angels, and below, figures of pleurants or weepers among Gothic tracery. The tomb was begun in 1443 (24 years after his death), by Jean de La Huerta, and Antoine le Moiturier after 1456, and finally installed in 1470. The tombs were originally from the Chartreuse de Champmol, or Chartreuse de la Sainte-Trinite de Champmol, a Carthusian monastery which was sacked in the French Revolution and the tombs moved to Dijon cathedral then here in 1827. The effigies are 19th century reconstructions, the originals being destroyed in the French Revolution. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0458.jpg
  • Effigies from the tomb of Jean sans Peur, or John the Fearless, 1371-1419, (Jean de Valois or John of Valois, Jean I, duc de Bourgogne, or John I, Duke of Burgundy) and his wife Marguerite de Baviere, or Margaret of Bavaria, 1363- 1423, 1443-70, by Jean de la Huerta, 1413-62, and Antoine le Moiturier, 1425-97, in the Grande Salle du Palais des ducs de Bourgogne, or Salle des Gardes, a 15th century Flamboyant Gothic hall, in the Musee des Beaux-Arts de Dijon, opened 1787 in the Palace of the Dukes of Burgundy in Dijon, Burgundy, France. The tomb consists of painted alabaster effigies with lions and angels, and below, figures of pleurants or weepers among Gothic tracery. The tomb was begun in 1443 (24 years after his death), by Jean de La Huerta, and Antoine le Moiturier after 1456, and finally installed in 1470. The tombs were originally from the Chartreuse de Champmol, or Chartreuse de la Sainte-Trinite de Champmol, a Carthusian monastery which was sacked in the French Revolution and the tombs moved to Dijon cathedral then here in 1827. The effigies are 19th century reconstructions, the originals being destroyed in the French Revolution. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0460.jpg
  • Tomb of Jean sans Peur, or John the Fearless, 1371-1419, (Jean de Valois or John of Valois, Jean I, duc de Bourgogne, or John I, Duke of Burgundy) and his wife Marguerite de Baviere, or Margaret of Bavaria, 1363- 1423, 1443-70, by Jean de la Huerta, 1413-62, and Antoine le Moiturier, 1425-97, in the Grande Salle du Palais des ducs de Bourgogne, or Salle des Gardes, a 15th century Flamboyant Gothic hall, in the Musee des Beaux-Arts de Dijon, opened 1787 in the Palace of the Dukes of Burgundy in Dijon, Burgundy, France. The tomb consists of painted alabaster effigies with lions and angels, and below, figures of pleurants or weepers among Gothic tracery. The tomb was begun in 1443 (24 years after his death), by Jean de La Huerta, and Antoine le Moiturier after 1456, and finally installed in 1470. The tombs were originally from the Chartreuse de Champmol, or Chartreuse de la Sainte-Trinite de Champmol, a Carthusian monastery which was sacked in the French Revolution and the tombs moved to Dijon cathedral then here in 1827. The effigies are 19th century reconstructions, the originals being destroyed in the French Revolution. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0453.jpg
  • Tomb of Jean sans Peur, or John the Fearless, 1371-1419, (Jean de Valois or John of Valois, Jean I, duc de Bourgogne, or John I, Duke of Burgundy) and his wife Marguerite de Baviere, or Margaret of Bavaria, 1363- 1423, 1443-70, by Jean de la Huerta, 1413-62, and Antoine le Moiturier, 1425-97, in the Grande Salle du Palais des ducs de Bourgogne, or Salle des Gardes, a 15th century Flamboyant Gothic hall, in the Musee des Beaux-Arts de Dijon, opened 1787 in the Palace of the Dukes of Burgundy in Dijon, Burgundy, France. The tomb consists of painted alabaster effigies with lions and angels, and below, figures of pleurants or weepers among Gothic tracery. The tomb was begun in 1443 (24 years after his death), by Jean de La Huerta, and Antoine le Moiturier after 1456, and finally installed in 1470. The tombs were originally from the Chartreuse de Champmol, or Chartreuse de la Sainte-Trinite de Champmol, a Carthusian monastery which was sacked in the French Revolution and the tombs moved to Dijon cathedral then here in 1827. The effigies are 19th century reconstructions, the originals being destroyed in the French Revolution. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0454.jpg
  • Stained glass window of Sainte-Preuve castle, with its owner the Princess of Caraman Chimay giving flowers to a missionary Virgin, 1975, in a chapel in the Basilica of Liesse Notre Dame, built 1134 in Flamboyant Gothic style by the Chevaliers d'Eppes, then rebuilt in 1384 and enlarged in 1480 and again in the 19th century, Liesse-Notre-Dame, Laon, Picardy, France. Pilgrims flock here to worship the Black Virgin, based on Ismeria, the Soudanese daughter of the sultan of Cairo El-Afdhal, who saved the lives of French knights during the Crusades, converted to christianity and married Robert d'Eppes, son of Guillaume II of France. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Thomas puts his fingers to the wounds of the resurrected Christ, as he does not believe in the miracle of his resurrection without seeing and touching. Section of Doubting Thomas, from the Life of St Thomas stained glass window, 1220-30, in the ambulatory of Chartres Cathedral, Eure-et-Loir, France. Chartres cathedral was built 1194-1250 and is a fine example of Gothic architecture. Most of its windows date from 1205-40 although a few earlier 12th century examples are also intact. It was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Cavalry helmet, detail, at the Ateliers de la Garde Republicaine, or workshops of the Republican Guard, 10, Avenue de la Republique, Paris, France. The Empire cuirassier cavalry helmets are made from over 80 pieces of steel or brass riveted or welded on site, and a horsehair mane. The Garde Republicaine was founded by Napoleon in 1802. It is part of the Gendarmerie and is responsible for security, guards of honour, military ceremonies and horseback patrols. In its workshops, master craftsmen maintain the equipment used by the horsemen and infantrymen, using traditional and sometimes ancient techniques passed down through the generations. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Portrait of Joan of Arc, 1873, by Paul Dubois Fusain, drawing on paper, from the collection of the Musee de Reims, displayed in the Tour Jeanne d'Arc, or Joan of Arc Tower, the donjon or keep and only remaining part of the Chateau de Rouen, built 1204 by Philippe Auguste or King Philip II of France, in Rouen, Normandy, France. Joan of Arc was tried and tortured in this tower. It is a 3-storey building with one room per floor and a pointed roof which was rebuilt in the 19th century. The Tour Jeanne-d'Arc is listed as a monument historique. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • St Peter holding the keys of heaven and below, the donor family, stained glass window by Romain Buron of Gisors, 1530, restored c. 1950, in the Collegiate Church of Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais, built 12th to 16th centuries in Gothic and Renaissance styles, in Gisors, Eure, Haute-Normandie, France. The church was consecrated in 1119 by Calixtus II but the nave was rebuilt from 1160 after a fire. The church was listed as a historic monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Portrait of King James II, given by the king in the 1680s to the Benedictine order, in the Dining Room of Kylemore Castle, built in the 19th century by Mitchell and Margaret Henry and converted to a Benedictine monastery, Kylemore Abbey, in 1920, in Connemara, County Galway, Ireland. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Portrait of Madame Barbe de la Barthe, by Pierre Lacour, 1745-1814, from the collection of the Musee des Arts Decoratifs de Bordeaux, exhibited in the Musee d'Aquitaine, Cours Pasteur, Bordeaux, Aquitaine, France. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Funerary monument of Charles de Fresnoy, 1573-1624, by Michel II Bourdin, 1609-86, French sculptor, consisting of kneeling statue, prie-dieu, helmet, gloves and 2 armorial plaques, in Le MUDO, or the Musee de l'Oise, Beauvais, Picardy, France. This monument is listed as a Tresor National. It was originally in the church at Neuilly-en-Thelle until the French Revolution, then passed through the family. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Funerary monument of Charles de Fresnoy, 1573-1624, by Michel II Bourdin, 1609-86, French sculptor, consisting of kneeling statue, prie-dieu, helmet, gloves and 2 armorial plaques, in Le MUDO, or the Musee de l'Oise, Beauvais, Picardy, France. This monument is listed as a Tresor National. It was originally in the church at Neuilly-en-Thelle until the French Revolution, then passed through the family. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Funerary monument of Charles de Fresnoy, 1573-1624, by Michel II Bourdin, 1609-86, French sculptor, consisting of kneeling statue, prie-dieu, helmet, gloves and 2 armorial plaques, in Le MUDO, or the Musee de l'Oise, Beauvais, Picardy, France. This monument is listed as a Tresor National. It was originally in the church at Neuilly-en-Thelle until the French Revolution, then passed through the family. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • TOLEDO, SPAIN - APRIL 11 : A general view of the city walls, on April 11, 2006 in Toledo, Spain. The old city is fortified by walls pierced by grand gateways. Toledo is a former capital of Spain, and cultural centre where Jews, Muslims and Christians co-existed.  El Greco (1541-1614) painted several views of the city. ((Photo by Manuel Cohen)
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  • TOLEDO, SPAIN - APRIL 13 : A view along the Alcantara Bridge, on April 13, 2006 in Toledo, Spain. The bridge was originally built in 866 AD, near the ruins of a Roman bridge. In 1257 it was washed away, except for the piers and abutments, and then reconstructed by Alfonso X. It was restored in the 15th and 16th centuries. The gate, one of the oldest in the city, was restored in the 1980s. Toledo, a former capital of Spain, and cultural centre where Jews, Muslims and Christians co-existed.  (Photo by Manuel Cohen)
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  • TOLEDO, SPAIN - APRIL 12 : A view along the San Martin Bridge, on April 12, 2006 in Toledo, Spain. The bridge over the River Tagus was completed in the early 14th century to link the east and west sides of the town.  Toledo is a former capital of Spain, and cultural centre where Jews, Muslims and Christians co-existed.  (Photo by Manuel Cohen)
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  • Coat of arms of the Inquisition in Barcelona, plaque, 1487, on the facade of the Museu Mares de la Carrer de los Comtes, in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The Inquisition was installed in 1487 in the Palau Reial Major by Alonso de Espina, where there were 13 cells and torture rooms. The coat of arms features symbols of the Inquisition, the cross, olive branch, sword and chain of the Order of the Golden Fleece. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Detail of stone mosaic on the portal of Eglise Notre Dame des Anges, Collioure, France. The mosaic depicts an amended version of the town's coat of arms showing the Chateau Royal and sea, with the addition of a sailing boat. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • St Anne, mother of Mary, holding the child Virgin in her left arm and a lily in her right hand, symbol of purity and divine election, with the coat of arms of France below with gold fleur de lys on a blue background, lancet window from under the main North Rose stained glass window, 1233, on the Northern side of the transept of Chartres Cathedral, Eure-et-Loir, France. In 1204, Louis I, Count of Blois and Chartres, brought back the relics of St Anne from the 4th crusade after the fall of Constantinople, to Chartres. This window was offered by Blanche of Castile, then regent, mother of the future Saint Louis. Chartres cathedral was built 1194-1250 and is a fine example of Gothic architecture. Most of its windows date from 1205-40 although a few earlier 12th century examples are also intact. It was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Detail of grated boxes (loges grillées) located at the Gods or Paradise (paradis or poulailler in French), upper balcony, on the frieze of the floor appears the megaphone (porte-voix) with Napoleon's gilded coat of arms, Theatre Imperial Napoleon III de Fontainebleau (Fontainebleau Theatre Napoleon III), 1853-1856, by Hector Lefuel, Fontainebleau, Seine-et-Marne, France. Restoration of the theatre began in Spring 2013 thanks to an agreement between the Emirate of Abu Dhabi and the French Governement dedicating 5 M€ to the restoration.  In recognition of the sponsorship by the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, French Governement decided to rename the theatre as "Theatre Cheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan" (Cheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan Theatre). The achievement of the first stage of renovation has allowed the opening of the theatre to the public on May 3, 2014. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Detail of megaphone (porte-voix) with Napoleon's gilded coat of arms, Theatre Imperial Napoleon III de Fontainebleau (Fontainebleau Theatre Napoleon III), 1853-1856, by Hector Lefuel, Fontainebleau, Seine-et-Marne, France. Restoration of the theatre began in Spring 2013 thanks to an agreement between the Emirate of Abu Dhabi and the French Governement dedicating 5 M€ to the restoration.  In recognition of the sponsorship by the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, French Governement decided to rename the theatre as "Theatre Cheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan" (Cheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan Theatre). The achievement of the first stage of renovation has allowed the opening of the theatre to the public on May 3, 2014. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Detail of megaphone (porte-voix) with Napoleon's gilded coat of arms, Theatre Imperial Napoleon III de Fontainebleau (Fontainebleau Theatre Napoleon III), 1853-1856, by Hector Lefuel, Fontainebleau, Seine-et-Marne, France. Restoration of the theatre began in Spring 2013 thanks to an agreement between the Emirate of Abu Dhabi and the French Governement dedicating 5 M€ to the restoration.  In recognition of the sponsorship by the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, French Governement decided to rename the theatre as "Theatre Cheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan" (Cheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan Theatre). The achievement of the first stage of renovation has allowed the opening of the theatre to the public on May 3, 2014. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Baroque statue of a patroness of Palermo with coat of arms, facade of one the buildings closing the octagonal Quattro Canti square, officially known as Piazza Vigliena, Palermo, Sicily, Italy. It was laid out in 1608-1620 by Giulio Lasso at the crossing of two principal streets and was one of the first major examples of town planning in Europe. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Detail of a relief of Castilian coat of arms, Auberge de Castille (Il-Berga ta' Kastilja), 1571, Valletta, Malta, pictured on June 7, 2008, in the afternoon.  The Republic of Malta consists of seven islands in the Mediterranean Sea of which Malta, Gozo and Comino have been inhabited since c.5,200 BC. Nine of Malta's important historical monuments are UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including  the capital city, Valletta, also known as the Fortress City. Built in the late 16th century and mainly Baroque in style it is named after its founder Jean Parisot de Valette (c.1494-1568), Grand Master of the Order of St John. The Knights of St John built an auberge, or inn, for each nationality of knight who passed through Malta. This one, for Castilians, was designed by Girolamo Cassar, and re-modelled in 1741, probably by Andrea Belli. It is now the Prime Minister's office. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
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  • Stained glass window, All Hallows by the Tower, London, UK, founded 675 AD, by The Saxon Abbey of Barking. This stained glass window by M C Farrer Bell, c. 1956, shows the coat of arms of King Edward IV, 1442-83, who established chapel here in middle of 15th century. His arms contain fleur de lys of France representing the Trinity. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Relief on the tympanum of the postern or pedestrian entrance, restored by Caudron in the 19th century, with St Michael the archangel holding a phylactery and a vase of fleur de lys, symbol of purity, on the main facade of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The 3 fleur de lys flowers are in 3 stages of maturity, showing the cycle of life. Both the vase and fate flowers are hexagonal, like the Seal of Solomon. St Michael stands on the coat of arms of Jacques Coeur, with 3 hearts and 3 shells (coquilles Saint-Jacques). St Michael is a reference to 'Notre Dame Saint-Michel', the first galley chartered by Jacques Coeur. The angel hovering represents interactions between earth and air. The fruit trees may also link to red and white sulphur. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. Fulcanelli stated that Jacques Coeur was an alchemist and it is believed that some of these symbols refer to alchemy. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Back of the armorial chair of Jean Sans Peur (Jean de Valois or Jean I duc de Bourgogne), or John the Fearless (John of Valois or John I Duke of Burgundy), 1371-1419, carved by Jean de Liege, 1330-81, in the Musee des Beaux-Arts de Dijon, opened 1787 in the Palace of the Dukes of Burgundy in Dijon, Burgundy, France. The upper section is the coat of arms of Jean Sans Peur, with the lion of his mother Margaret of Flanders, and below are the symbols of Bethel County and the County of Burgundy, and angels holding musical instruments such as the unicorde, flute and viola. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Oak trunk used to store clothing, late 15th century, with coat of arms of Guigone de Salins (tower and key), originally 1 of 4 identical trunks, in Les Hospices de Beaune, or Hotel-Dieu de Beaune, a charitable almshouse and hospital for the poor, built 1443-57 by Flemish architect Jacques Wiscrer, and founded by Nicolas Rolin, chancellor of Burgundy, and his wife Guigone de Salins, in Beaune, Cote d'Or, Burgundy, France. The hospital was run by the nuns of the order of Les Soeurs Hospitalieres de Beaune, and remained a hospital until the 1970s. The building now houses the Musee de l'Histoire de la Medecine, or Museum of the History of Medicine, and is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • St Anthony tapestry, with St Anthony the hermit with his bell and book, saint protector of the Hospices, and the motto of Nicolas Rolin, Seulle and a star, coat of arms, N and G initials and a bird on a branch, late 15th century, in Les Hospices de Beaune, or Hotel-Dieu de Beaune, a charitable almshouse and hospital for the poor, built 1443-57 by Flemish architect Jacques Wiscrer, and founded by Nicolas Rolin, chancellor of Burgundy, and his wife Guigone de Salins, in Beaune, Cote d'Or, Burgundy, France. The hospital was run by the nuns of the order of Les Soeurs Hospitalieres de Beaune, and remained a hospital until the 1970s. The building now houses the Musee de l'Histoire de la Medecine, or Museum of the History of Medicine, and is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Coat of arms of the kings of France with 2 angels and fleur de lys, in the Royal Oratory, or private chapel of the king, in the Francois I wing of the Chateau de Chambord, designed by Domenico da Cortona and built 1519-47 in French Renaissance style under King Francois I, at Chambord, Loir-et-Cher, France. The largest of the Loire Valley chateaux, Chambord has a central keep with 4 bastion towers on the corners, a moat and an elaborate decorative roofline. The chateau is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Coat of arms of the kings of France with 2 angels, Order of Chivalry of Saint-Michel, fleur de lys, initial F and salamanders, in the Royal Oratory, or private chapel of the king, in the Francois I wing of the Chateau de Chambord, designed by Domenico da Cortona and built 1519-47 in French Renaissance style under King Francois I, at Chambord, Loir-et-Cher, France. The largest of the Loire Valley chateaux, Chambord has a central keep with 4 bastion towers on the corners, a moat and an elaborate decorative roofline. The chateau is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Angel waving banner with the coat of arms of Louis I duc d'Anjou, above the Gothic canopy of the First Reader, reading the Book of Revelation, detail of the first piece depicting the Seven Seals, from the Tenture de l'Apocalypse or Apocalypse Tapestry, made 1373-82 by Nicolas Bataille in the workshop of Robert Poincon after preparatory drawings by Hennequin de Bruges, in the Musee de la Tapisserie de l'Apocalypse, in the Chateau d'Angers, Angers, Maine-et-Loire, France. The tapestry was commissioned by Louis I duc d'Anjou and depicts the Apocalypse of John. It measures 140m and is divided into 6 pieces with 90 scenes. Although bequeathed to Angers Cathedral by King Rene in the 15th century, the tapestry was reconstructed and restored in the 19th century, listed as a historic monument and exhibited in the castle. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Third Reader, depicting a man seated under a Gothic canopy reading the Book of Revelation, with angel above holding a banner with the coat of arms of Louis I duc d'Anjou, detail of the third piece depicting the Dragon, from the Tenture de l'Apocalypse or Apocalypse Tapestry, made 1373-82 by Nicolas Bataille in the workshop of Robert Poincon after preparatory drawings by Hennequin de Bruges, in the Musee de la Tapisserie de l'Apocalypse, in the Chateau d'Angers, Angers, Maine-et-Loire, France. The tapestry was commissioned by Louis I duc d'Anjou and depicts the Apocalypse of John. It measures 140m and is divided into 6 pieces with 90 scenes. Although bequeathed to Angers Cathedral by King Rene in the 15th century, the tapestry was reconstructed and restored in the 19th century, listed as a historic monument and exhibited in the castle. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Exhibition, with on the right, sculpture of the coat of arms of the city of Barcelona and of the Marquis of Campo (reverse), from the fountain on the Placa de Sant Pere, 19th century, exhibited at MUHBA Oliva Artes, a former factory and machinery workshop, built in 1920, reworked by architect Jordi Badia to become a cultural space in Poblenou, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The building is used as a museum on the history and heritage of the contemporary urban city, welcoming educational activities, visits and workshops. It also houses a permanent exhibition entitled Interrogar Barcelona. The site is part of MUHBA, the Museu d'Historia de Barcelona. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Coat of arms of the city of Barcelona and of the Marquis of Campo (reverse), from the fountain on the Placa de Sant Pere, 19th century, exhibited at MUHBA Oliva Artes, a former factory and machinery workshop, built in 1920, reworked by architect Jordi Badia to become a cultural space in Poblenou, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The building is used as a museum on the history and heritage of the contemporary urban city, welcoming educational activities, visits and workshops. It also houses a permanent exhibition entitled Interrogar Barcelona. The site is part of MUHBA, the Museu d'Historia de Barcelona. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_SPAIN_MC_380.jpg
  • Coat of arms of the city of Barcelona and of the Marquis of Campo (reverse), from the fountain on the Placa de Sant Pere, 19th century, exhibited at MUHBA Oliva Artes, a former factory and machinery workshop, built in 1920, reworked by architect Jordi Badia to become a cultural space in Poblenou, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The building is used as a museum on the history and heritage of the contemporary urban city, welcoming educational activities, visits and workshops. It also houses a permanent exhibition entitled Interrogar Barcelona. The site is part of MUHBA, the Museu d'Historia de Barcelona. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Stone relief of the coat of arms of the Porcelet family, name of an abbot at Saint-Guilhem, French, with pig and flowers, late 13th - early 14th century, in the Saint-Guilhem Cloister, 12th - 13th century, from the monastery of Saint-Guilhem-le-Desert in France, at The Cloisters, a museum specialising in European medieval architecture, sculpture and decorative arts, part of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, at Fort Tryon Park, Manhattan, New York, USA. The collection includes Byzantine, Romanesque, Gothic and Renaissance works from 12th to 15th centuries. The building was designed by Charles Collens and encompasses 4 original cloisters, Cuxa, Saint-Guilhem, Bonnefont and Trie, which were dismantled in Europe and reassembled here. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Relief carving of the initials and coat of arms of abbess Louise de Bourbon, in the West gallery of the main Grand-Moutier Cloister, rebuilt by Louise de Bourbon in classical style 1530-60, at Fontevraud Abbey, Fontevraud-l'Abbaye, Loire Valley, Maine-et-Loire, France. The cloister was originally Romanesque but was rebuilt in the 16th century. The abbey was founded in 1100 by Robert of Arbrissel, who created the Order of Fontevraud. It was a double monastery for monks and nuns, run by an abbess. The abbey is listed as a historic monument and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Stone carving of 2 figures holding a coat of arms featuring 3 acorns, in the hall housing the staircase of honour, in Citeco, Musee de l’Economie, a new interactive museum on the economy, opened June 2019, in the Hotel Gaillard, on the Place du General Catroux, in the 17th arrondissement of Paris, France. The Hotel Gaillard was built 1878-82 by architect Jules Fevrier in Neo Renaissance style for the banker Emile Gaillard, and later became a branch of the Banque de France. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Cathedra, a high-backed throne for a bishop, made for Francois de Laval in the 17th century and bearing his coat of arms, topped with a crosier of gilded wood, in the Cathedral Saint-Samson, begun in the 13th century on the site of an older church and completed in the 18th century, in Dol-de-Bretagne, Brittany, France. Before the 18th century in place of the crosier was a pyxis, sculpted by Tarle, now lost. The cathedral is dedicated to one of the founding saints of Brittany and until 1801 was the seat of the archbishopric of Dol. Picture by Manuel Cohen
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  • Cathedra, a high-backed throne for a bishop, made for Francois de Laval in the 17th century and bearing his coat of arms, topped with a crosier of gilded wood, in the Cathedral Saint-Samson, begun in the 13th century on the site of an older church and completed in the 18th century, in Dol-de-Bretagne, Brittany, France. Before the 18th century in place of the crosier was a pyxis, sculpted by Tarle, now lost. The cathedral is dedicated to one of the founding saints of Brittany and until 1801 was the seat of the archbishopric of Dol. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC18_FRANCE_MC_0128.jpg
  • Double headed eagle, coat of arms of Charles V of Spain, Holy Roman Emperor, on the main facade of the Catedral Nuestra Senora de la Encarnacion, or the Basilica Cathedral of Santa Maria la Menor, dedicated to St Mary of the Incarnation, built 1514-35 in Renaissance and Gothic style, in the Colonial Zone of Santo Domingo, capital of the Dominican Republic, in the Caribbean. The building is also known as the Catedral Primada de America as it is the oldest cathedral in the Americas. Santo Domingo's Colonial Zone is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC18_DominicanRepublic_MC_238.jpg
  • Ramparts, and on the right, the Porte Saint Vincent, a city gate built in 1708, in the walled city of Saint-Malo, on the coast of Brittany, North West France. The 2 escutcheons carved on the gate depict the coat of arms of the City (portcullis and ermine of the Dukes of Brittany) and of the Duchy of Brittany. The city itself was rebuilt 1948-60 after being largely destroyed during World War Two. It is a port which has traditionally been home to the corsairs, French privateers and sometimes pirates, and is heavily fortified with ramparts, a castle, fort and fortified tidal islands. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0712.jpg
  • Relief of the coat of arms of a province of Cuba, on the facade of the Fondation Rosa Abreu de Grancher, designed by Albert Laprade, 1883 - 1978, and inaugurated in 1932, to house Cuban students, in the Cite Internationale Universitaire de Paris, in the 14th arrondissement of Paris, France. The CIUP or Cite U was founded in 1925 after the First World War by Andre Honnorat and Emile Deutsch de la Meurthe to create a place of cooperation and peace amongst students and researchers from around the world. It consists of 5,800 rooms in 40 residences, accepting another 12,000 student residents each year. Picture by Manuel Cohen. L'autorisation de reproduire cette œuvre doit etre demandee aupres de l'ADAGP/Permission to reproduce this work of art must be obtained from DACS.
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0449.jpg
  • Relief on the tympanum of the postern or pedestrian entrance, restored by Caudron in the 19th century, with St Michael the archangel holding a phylactery and a vase of fleur de lys, symbol of purity, on the main facade of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The 3 fleur de lys flowers are in 3 stages of maturity, showing the cycle of life. Both the vase and fate flowers are hexagonal, like the Seal of Solomon. St Michael stands on the coat of arms of Jacques Coeur, with 3 hearts and 3 shells (coquilles Saint-Jacques). St Michael is a reference to 'Notre Dame Saint-Michel', the first galley chartered by Jacques Coeur. The angel hovering represents interactions between earth and air. The fruit trees may also link to red and white sulphur. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. Fulcanelli stated that Jacques Coeur was an alchemist and it is believed that some of these symbols refer to alchemy. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0218.jpg
  • Detail of a stained glass window with floral cross design and the coat of arms of the hospital, by Rigalt Granell & Cia, in the Domenech i Montaner Room in the Administration Pavilion, built 1905-10, at the Hospital de Sant Pau, or Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, built 1902-30, designed by Catalan Modernist architect Lluis Domenech i Montaner, 1850-1923, in El Guinardo, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The original medieval hospital of 1401 was replaced with this complex in the 20th century thanks to capital provided in the will of Pau Gil. The hospital consists of 27 pavilions surrounded by gardens and linked by tunnels, using the Modernist Art Nouveau style with great attention to detail. On the death of the architect, his son Pere Domenech i Roura took over the project. The complex was listed in 1997 as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_SPAIN_MC208.jpg
  • Relief of the coat of arms of the Santa Creu and Sant Pau hospitals flanked by angels and topped by a dragon, by Pau Gargallo, 1881-1934, in the galleried chapel in the Domenech i Montaner Room, in the Administration Pavilion, built 1905-10, at the Hospital de Sant Pau, or Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, built 1902-30, designed by Catalan Modernist architect Lluis Domenech i Montaner, 1850-1923, in El Guinardo, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The original medieval hospital of 1401 was replaced with this complex in the 20th century thanks to capital provided in the will of Pau Gil. The hospital consists of 27 pavilions surrounded by gardens and linked by tunnels, using the Modernist Art Nouveau style with great attention to detail. On the death of the architect, his son Pere Domenech i Roura took over the project. The complex was listed in 1997 as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_SPAIN_MC209.jpg
  • Galleried chapel with relief of the coat of arms of the Santa Creu and Sant Pau hospitals, by Pau Gargallo, 1881-1934, (left) and a carving of the Holy Cross (right), in the Domenech i Montaner Room, in the Administration Pavilion, built 1905-10, at the Hospital de Sant Pau, or Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, built 1902-30, designed by Catalan Modernist architect Lluis Domenech i Montaner, 1850-1923, in El Guinardo, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The original medieval hospital of 1401 was replaced with this complex in the 20th century thanks to capital provided in the will of Pau Gil. The hospital consists of 27 pavilions surrounded by gardens and linked by tunnels, using the Modernist Art Nouveau style with great attention to detail. On the death of the architect, his son Pere Domenech i Roura took over the project. The complex was listed in 1997 as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_SPAIN_MC210.jpg
  • Detail of the relief of the coat of arms of the Santa Creu and Sant Pau hospitals flanked by angels, by Pau Gargallo, 1881-1934, in the galleried chapel in the Domenech i Montaner Room, in the Administration Pavilion, built 1905-10, at the Hospital de Sant Pau, or Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, built 1902-30, designed by Catalan Modernist architect Lluis Domenech i Montaner, 1850-1923, in El Guinardo, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The original medieval hospital of 1401 was replaced with this complex in the 20th century thanks to capital provided in the will of Pau Gil. The hospital consists of 27 pavilions surrounded by gardens and linked by tunnels, using the Modernist Art Nouveau style with great attention to detail. On the death of the architect, his son Pere Domenech i Roura took over the project. The complex was listed in 1997 as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_SPAIN_MC206.jpg
  • Relief of the coat of arms of the Santa Creu and Sant Pau hospitals flanked by angels and topped by a dragon, by Pau Gargallo, 1881-1934, in the galleried chapel in the Domenech i Montaner Room, in the Administration Pavilion, built 1905-10, at the Hospital de Sant Pau, or Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, built 1902-30, designed by Catalan Modernist architect Lluis Domenech i Montaner, 1850-1923, in El Guinardo, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The original medieval hospital of 1401 was replaced with this complex in the 20th century thanks to capital provided in the will of Pau Gil. The hospital consists of 27 pavilions surrounded by gardens and linked by tunnels, using the Modernist Art Nouveau style with great attention to detail. On the death of the architect, his son Pere Domenech i Roura took over the project. The complex was listed in 1997 as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_SPAIN_MC205.jpg
  • Relief of the coat of arms of the Santa Creu and Sant Pau hospitals flanked by angels and topped by a dragon, by Pau Gargallo, 1881-1934, in the galleried chapel in the Domenech i Montaner Room, in the Administration Pavilion, built 1905-10, at the Hospital de Sant Pau, or Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, built 1902-30, designed by Catalan Modernist architect Lluis Domenech i Montaner, 1850-1923, in El Guinardo, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The original medieval hospital of 1401 was replaced with this complex in the 20th century thanks to capital provided in the will of Pau Gil. The hospital consists of 27 pavilions surrounded by gardens and linked by tunnels, using the Modernist Art Nouveau style with great attention to detail. On the death of the architect, his son Pere Domenech i Roura took over the project. The complex was listed in 1997 as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_SPAIN_MC187.jpg
  • Galleried chapel with relief of the coat of arms of the Santa Creu and Sant Pau hospitals, by Pau Gargallo, 1881-1934, and ribbed ceiling covered in ceramic mosaics, in the Domenech i Montaner Room, in the Administration Pavilion, built 1905-10, at the Hospital de Sant Pau, or Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, built 1902-30, designed by Catalan Modernist architect Lluis Domenech i Montaner, 1850-1923, in El Guinardo, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The original medieval hospital of 1401 was replaced with this complex in the 20th century thanks to capital provided in the will of Pau Gil. The hospital consists of 27 pavilions surrounded by gardens and linked by tunnels, using the Modernist Art Nouveau style with great attention to detail. On the death of the architect, his son Pere Domenech i Roura took over the project. The complex was listed in 1997 as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_SPAIN_MC190.jpg
  • Galleried chapel with relief of the coat of arms of the Santa Creu and Sant Pau hospitals, by Pau Gargallo, 1881-1934, and around the arch, the Holy Cross and initial G for Pau Gil, in the Domenech i Montaner Room, in the Administration Pavilion, built 1905-10, at the Hospital de Sant Pau, or Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, built 1902-30, designed by Catalan Modernist architect Lluis Domenech i Montaner, 1850-1923, in El Guinardo, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The original medieval hospital of 1401 was replaced with this complex in the 20th century thanks to capital provided in the will of Pau Gil. The hospital consists of 27 pavilions surrounded by gardens and linked by tunnels, using the Modernist Art Nouveau style with great attention to detail. On the death of the architect, his son Pere Domenech i Roura took over the project. The complex was listed in 1997 as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_SPAIN_MC343.jpg
  • Galleried chapel with relief of the coat of arms of the Santa Creu and Sant Pau hospitals, by Pau Gargallo, 1881-1934, and around the arch, the Holy Cross and initial G for Pau Gil, in the Domenech i Montaner Room, in the Administration Pavilion, built 1905-10, at the Hospital de Sant Pau, or Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, built 1902-30, designed by Catalan Modernist architect Lluis Domenech i Montaner, 1850-1923, in El Guinardo, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The original medieval hospital of 1401 was replaced with this complex in the 20th century thanks to capital provided in the will of Pau Gil. The hospital consists of 27 pavilions surrounded by gardens and linked by tunnels, using the Modernist Art Nouveau style with great attention to detail. On the death of the architect, his son Pere Domenech i Roura took over the project. The complex was listed in 1997 as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_SPAIN_MC344.jpg
  • Angel sculpture by Eusebi Arnau, 1864-1933, with lions holding the coat of arms of the Holy Cross and St Paul, atop the facade of the Operations Pavilion, built 1902-12, at the Hospital de Sant Pau, or Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, built 1902-30, designed by Catalan Modernist architect Lluis Domenech i Montaner, 1850-1923, in El Guinardo, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The original medieval hospital of 1401 was replaced with this complex in the 20th century thanks to capital provided in the will of Pau Gil. The hospital consists of 27 pavilions surrounded by gardens and linked by tunnels, using the Modernist Art Nouveau style with great attention to detail. On the death of the architect, his son Pere Domenech i Roura took over the project. The complex was listed in 1997 as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_SPAIN_MC322.jpg
  • Carved stonework with a winged lion, crown and coat of arms bearing a thistle and rose design on the main facade of Pavilion no. 6 'dels distingits' of the Institut Pere Mata, a psychiatric hospital built 1897-1912 in Modernist style by Lluis Domenech i Montaner, 1850-1923, Catalan Modernist architect, in Reus, Catalonia, Spain. The building is of brick on a stone plinth with decorative window surrounds, set in landscaped grounds. Pavilion no. 6 was used to house wealthy patients in great comfort and modernity, and was in use until 1986. It is now open to the public as part of Reus' Modernist Route and run by the town of Reus, whereas the rest of the building remains a hospital. The building is listed as a Cultural Asset of National Interest. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_SPAIN_MC142.jpg
  • Carved stonework with a winged lion, crown and coat of arms bearing a thistle and rose design on the main facade of Pavilion no. 6 'dels distingits' of the Institut Pere Mata, a psychiatric hospital built 1897-1912 in Modernist style by Lluis Domenech i Montaner, 1850-1923, Catalan Modernist architect, in Reus, Catalonia, Spain. The building is of brick on a stone plinth with decorative window surrounds, set in landscaped grounds. Pavilion no. 6 was used to house wealthy patients in great comfort and modernity, and was in use until 1986. It is now open to the public as part of Reus' Modernist Route and run by the town of Reus, whereas the rest of the building remains a hospital. The building is listed as a Cultural Asset of National Interest. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_SPAIN_MC143.jpg
  • Back of the armorial chair of Jean Sans Peur (Jean de Valois or Jean I duc de Bourgogne), or John the Fearless (John of Valois or John I Duke of Burgundy), 1371-1419, carved by Jean de Liege, 1330-81, in the Musee des Beaux-Arts de Dijon, opened 1787 in the Palace of the Dukes of Burgundy in Dijon, Burgundy, France. The upper section is the coat of arms of Jean Sans Peur, with the lion of his mother Margaret of Flanders, and below are the symbols of Bethel County and the County of Burgundy, and angels holding musical instruments such as the unicorde, flute and viola. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0194.jpg
  • Tapestry of Guigone de Salins, with the motto of Nicolas Rolin, Seulle and a star, coat of arms, N and G initials and a bird on a branch, 15th century, in Les Hospices de Beaune, or Hotel-Dieu de Beaune, a charitable almshouse and hospital for the poor, built 1443-57 by Flemish architect Jacques Wiscrer, and founded by Nicolas Rolin, chancellor of Burgundy, and his wife Guigone de Salins, in Beaune, Cote d'Or, Burgundy, France. The hospital was run by the nuns of the order of Les Soeurs Hospitalieres de Beaune, and remained a hospital until the 1970s. The building now houses the Musee de l'Histoire de la Medecine, or Museum of the History of Medicine, and is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0229.jpg
  • Tapestry of Guigone de Salins, with the motto of Nicolas Rolin, Seulle and a star, coat of arms, N and G initials and a bird on a branch, 15th century, in Les Hospices de Beaune, or Hotel-Dieu de Beaune, a charitable almshouse and hospital for the poor, built 1443-57 by Flemish architect Jacques Wiscrer, and founded by Nicolas Rolin, chancellor of Burgundy, and his wife Guigone de Salins, in Beaune, Cote d'Or, Burgundy, France. The hospital was run by the nuns of the order of Les Soeurs Hospitalieres de Beaune, and remained a hospital until the 1970s. The building now houses the Musee de l'Histoire de la Medecine, or Museum of the History of Medicine, and is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0026.jpg
  • Detail of an ornamental weathervane in gilded lead and copper gold leaf on the courtyard facade, at the Les Hospices de Beaune, or Hotel-Dieu de Beaune, a charitable almshouse and hospital for the poor, built 1443-57 by Flemish architect Jacques Wiscrer, and founded by Nicolas Rolin, chancellor of Burgundy, and his wife Guigone de Salins, in Beaune, Cote d'Or, Burgundy, France. There are 56 weathervanes on the buildings, this one showing the coat of arms of Guigone de Salins, with 3 gold keys representing her husband Rolin and a gold crenelated tower on a blue background for herself. Beneath the spire is a star within a sun with curved rays of gilded lead, symbol of charity. The buildings, set around an internal courtyard, are in Northern Renaissance and Flamboyant Gothic style, with half-timber galleries, ornate rooftops with Burgundian glazed tiles in geometric patterns and dormer windows. The hospital was run by the nuns of the order of Les Soeurs Hospitalieres de Beaune, and remained a hospital until the 1970s. The building now houses the Musee de l'Histoire de la Medecine, or Museum of the History of Medicine, and is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0104.jpg
  • Detail of an oak trunk used to store clothing, late 15th century, with coat of arms of Guigone de Salins (tower and key), originally 1 of 4 identical trunks, in Les Hospices de Beaune, or Hotel-Dieu de Beaune, a charitable almshouse and hospital for the poor, built 1443-57 by Flemish architect Jacques Wiscrer, and founded by Nicolas Rolin, chancellor of Burgundy, and his wife Guigone de Salins, in Beaune, Cote d'Or, Burgundy, France. The hospital was run by the nuns of the order of Les Soeurs Hospitalieres de Beaune, and remained a hospital until the 1970s. The building now houses the Musee de l'Histoire de la Medecine, or Museum of the History of Medicine, and is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0111.jpg
  • Oak trunk used to store clothing, late 15th century, with coat of arms of Guigone de Salins (tower and key), originally 1 of 4 identical trunks, in Les Hospices de Beaune, or Hotel-Dieu de Beaune, a charitable almshouse and hospital for the poor, built 1443-57 by Flemish architect Jacques Wiscrer, and founded by Nicolas Rolin, chancellor of Burgundy, and his wife Guigone de Salins, in Beaune, Cote d'Or, Burgundy, France. The hospital was run by the nuns of the order of Les Soeurs Hospitalieres de Beaune, and remained a hospital until the 1970s. The building now houses the Musee de l'Histoire de la Medecine, or Museum of the History of Medicine, and is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0110.jpg
  • Chancellor Rolin, 1376-1462, with his coat of arms, detail from the stained glass window, 15th century, in the Chapel, in the Salle des Povres or Room of the Poor, in Les Hospices de Beaune, or Hotel-Dieu de Beaune, a charitable almshouse and hospital for the poor, built 1443-57 by Flemish architect Jacques Wiscrer, and founded by Nicolas Rolin, chancellor of Burgundy, and his wife Guigone de Salins, in Beaune, Cote d'Or, Burgundy, France. The hospital was run by the nuns of the order of Les Soeurs Hospitalieres de Beaune, and remained a hospital until the 1970s. The building now houses the Musee de l'Histoire de la Medecine, or Museum of the History of Medicine, and is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0131.jpg
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