manuel cohen

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  • Hexagonal panel with carved relief representing Gionitus, inventor of astronomy, by the Master of Armor, a collaborator of Andrea Pisano, 1334-36, on Giotto's campanile, a freestanding bell tower in Florentine Gothic style designed by Giotto di Bondone, c. 1267-1337, on the Piazza del Duomo next to the Duomo, or Cattedrale di Santa Maria del Fiore, built 1296-1436, in Florence, Tuscany, Italy. The historic centre of Florence is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_ITALY_MC_310.jpg
  • Union of business, sciences and the arts, with Mercury god of commerce, Erato muse of fine arts and poetry, Urania muse of astronomy, and divinities with a horn of plenty and wheel, at the altar of Pluto, allegorical ceiling fresco, 1826, by Charles Meynier, 1763-1832, in the nave, used for galas, conferences and other events, in the Palais Brongniart, or Palais de la Bourse, built by Alexandre-Theodore Brongniart 1808-13 and Eloi Labarre 1813-26, on the Place de la Bourse in the 2nd arrondissement of Paris, France. The nave is a 2 storey hall lined with arcades, housing 500 at conference or 1200 for drinks. The building housed the Bourse de Paris or Paris Stock Exchange from the late 19th century, and Euronext Paris from 2000, and is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_PARIS_MC_1067.jpg
  • Rama Yantra, an upright building used to find the altitude and azimuth of the sun, at Jantar Mantar, a monument completed in 1734 built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh, founder of Jaipur, featuring 19 architectural astronomical instruments, in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. The instruments allow the observation of astronomical positions with the naked eye. They measure time, predict eclipses, track the location of major stars and ascertain the declinations of planets. Jantar Mantar is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_INDIA_MC_068.jpg
  • Rama Yantra, an upright building used to find the altitude and azimuth of the sun, at Jantar Mantar, a monument completed in 1734 built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh, founder of Jaipur, featuring 19 architectural astronomical instruments, in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. The instruments allow the observation of astronomical positions with the naked eye. They measure time, predict eclipses, track the location of major stars and ascertain the declinations of planets. Jantar Mantar is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_INDIA_MC_067.jpg
  • Digamsa, a cylindrical instrument for determining the azimuth or relative angular position, of a celestial object, at Jantar Mantar, a monument completed in 1734 built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh, founder of Jaipur, featuring 19 architectural astronomical instruments, in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. A small gnomon is in the centre of 3 co-axial cylinders, with a string suspended from the centre and aligned to the celestial object, from which a scale can be marked. The instruments allow the observation of astronomical positions with the naked eye. They measure time, predict eclipses, track the location of major stars and ascertain the declinations of planets. Jantar Mantar is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_INDIA_MC_069.jpg
  • Jaya Prakash Yantra, invented by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh, a representation of a half celestial sphere with the rim representing the horizon, used for finding all the positions of the  heavenly bodies, at Jantar Mantar, a monument completed in 1734 built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh, founder of Jaipur, featuring 19 architectural astronomical instruments, in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. The instruments allow the observation of astronomical positions with the naked eye. They measure time, predict eclipses, track the location of major stars and ascertain the declinations of planets. Jantar Mantar is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_INDIA_MC_090.jpg
  • Chakra Yantra, a circular instrument measuring global coordinates of declination and the hour angle of a celestial object, at Jantar Mantar, a monument completed in 1734 built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh, founder of Jaipur, featuring 19 architectural astronomical instruments, in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. The ring in the Chakra Yantra pivots on a polar axis and a sighting tube in its centre moves on a perpendicular axis, allowing the viewing of a celestial object. The instruments allow the observation of astronomical positions with the naked eye. They measure time, predict eclipses, track the location of major stars and ascertain the declinations of planets. Jantar Mantar is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_INDIA_MC_093.jpg
  • Brihat Samrat Yantra, the world's largest gnomon sundial, measuring time in intervals of 2 seconds using shadow cast from the sunlight, at Jantar Mantar, a monument completed in 1734 built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh, founder of Jaipur, featuring 19 architectural astronomical instruments, in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. The instruments allow the observation of astronomical positions with the naked eye. They measure time, predict eclipses, track the location of major stars and ascertain the declinations of planets. Jantar Mantar is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_INDIA_MC_061.jpg
  • Rashi Valaya Yantra, 1 of 12 zodiac circle or ecliptic instruments, at Jantar Mantar, a monument completed in 1734 built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh, founder of Jaipur, featuring 19 architectural astronomical instruments, in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. The instruments allow the observation of astronomical positions with the naked eye. They measure time, predict eclipses, track the location of major stars and ascertain the declinations of planets. Jantar Mantar is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_INDIA_MC_066.jpg
  • Dhruvdarshak Pattika, for viewing the Pole Star, a small trapezoidal structure pointing to the Pole Star on a stone base, used like a compass, at Jantar Mantar, a monument completed in 1734 built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh, founder of Jaipur, featuring 19 architectural astronomical instruments, in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. The instruments allow the observation of astronomical positions with the naked eye. They measure time, predict eclipses, track the location of major stars and ascertain the declinations of planets. Jantar Mantar is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_INDIA_MC_070.jpg
  • Nadivalaya, with a North and a South plate, used to tell the time, using hours, minutes and zenith distance, at Jantar Mantar, a monument completed in 1734 built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh, founder of Jaipur, featuring 19 architectural astronomical instruments, in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. The instruments allow the observation of astronomical positions with the naked eye. They measure time, predict eclipses, track the location of major stars and ascertain the declinations of planets. Jantar Mantar is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_INDIA_MC_072.jpg
  • Dhruvdarshak Pattika, for viewing the Pole Star, a small trapezoidal structure pointing to the Pole Star on a stone base, used like a compass, at Jantar Mantar, a monument completed in 1734 built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh, founder of Jaipur, featuring 19 architectural astronomical instruments, in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. The instruments allow the observation of astronomical positions with the naked eye. They measure time, predict eclipses, track the location of major stars and ascertain the declinations of planets. Jantar Mantar is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_INDIA_MC_074.jpg
  • Narivalaya Dakshin Gola, used to determine whether celestial bodies are in the Northern or Southern hemisphere, and to tell the time, at Jantar Mantar, a monument completed in 1734 built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh, founder of Jaipur, featuring 19 architectural astronomical instruments, in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. The instruments allow the observation of astronomical positions with the naked eye. They measure time, predict eclipses, track the location of major stars and ascertain the declinations of planets. Jantar Mantar is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_INDIA_MC_077.jpg
  • Brihat Samrat Yantra, the world's largest gnomon sundial, measuring time in intervals of 2 seconds using shadow cast from the sunlight, at Jantar Mantar, a monument completed in 1734 built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh, founder of Jaipur, featuring 19 architectural astronomical instruments, in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. The instruments allow the observation of astronomical positions with the naked eye. They measure time, predict eclipses, track the location of major stars and ascertain the declinations of planets. Jantar Mantar is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_INDIA_MC_059.jpg
  • Brihat Samrat Yantra, the world's largest gnomon sundial, measuring time in intervals of 2 seconds using shadow cast from the sunlight, at Jantar Mantar, a monument completed in 1734 built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh, founder of Jaipur, featuring 19 architectural astronomical instruments, in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. The instruments allow the observation of astronomical positions with the naked eye. They measure time, predict eclipses, track the location of major stars and ascertain the declinations of planets. Jantar Mantar is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_INDIA_MC_060.jpg
  • Brihat Samrat Yantra, the world's largest gnomon sundial, measuring time in intervals of 2 seconds using shadow cast from the sunlight, at Jantar Mantar, a monument completed in 1734 built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh, founder of Jaipur, featuring 19 architectural astronomical instruments, in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. The instruments allow the observation of astronomical positions with the naked eye. They measure time, predict eclipses, track the location of major stars and ascertain the declinations of planets. Jantar Mantar is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_INDIA_MC_062.jpg
  • Brihat Samrat Yantra, the world's largest gnomon sundial, measuring time in intervals of 2 seconds using shadow cast from the sunlight, at Jantar Mantar, a monument completed in 1734 built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh, founder of Jaipur, featuring 19 architectural astronomical instruments, in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. The instruments allow the observation of astronomical positions with the naked eye. They measure time, predict eclipses, track the location of major stars and ascertain the declinations of planets. Jantar Mantar is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_INDIA_MC_063.jpg
  • Rashi Valaya Yantra, 1 of 12 zodiac circle or ecliptic instruments, at Jantar Mantar, a monument completed in 1734 built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh, founder of Jaipur, featuring 19 architectural astronomical instruments, in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. The instruments allow the observation of astronomical positions with the naked eye. They measure time, predict eclipses, track the location of major stars and ascertain the declinations of planets. Jantar Mantar is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_INDIA_MC_064.JPG
  • Rashi Valaya Yantra, 1 of 12 zodiac circle or ecliptic instruments, at Jantar Mantar, a monument completed in 1734 built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh, founder of Jaipur, featuring 19 architectural astronomical instruments, in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. The instruments allow the observation of astronomical positions with the naked eye. They measure time, predict eclipses, track the location of major stars and ascertain the declinations of planets. Jantar Mantar is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_INDIA_MC_065.jpg
  • Chakra Yantra, a circular instrument measuring global coordinates of declination and the hour angle of a celestial object, at Jantar Mantar, a monument completed in 1734 built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh, founder of Jaipur, featuring 19 architectural astronomical instruments, in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. The ring in the Chakra Yantra pivots on a polar axis and a sighting tube in its centre moves on a perpendicular axis, allowing the viewing of a celestial object. Behind on the left is the Rama Yantra, an upright building used to find the altitude and azimuth of the sun. The instruments allow the observation of astronomical positions with the naked eye. They measure time, predict eclipses, track the location of major stars and ascertain the declinations of planets. Jantar Mantar is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_INDIA_MC_071.jpg
  • Kapali Yantra, a representation of a half circle celestial sphere, with the rim representing the horizon, for finding the position of celestial bodies, at Jantar Mantar, a monument completed in 1734 built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh, founder of Jaipur, featuring 19 architectural astronomical instruments, in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. The instruments allow the observation of astronomical positions with the naked eye. They measure time, predict eclipses, track the location of major stars and ascertain the declinations of planets. Jantar Mantar is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_INDIA_MC_073.JPG
  • Dhruvdarshak Pattika, for viewing the Pole Star, a small trapezoidal structure pointing to the Pole Star on a stone base, used like a compass, at Jantar Mantar, a monument completed in 1734 built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh, founder of Jaipur, featuring 19 architectural astronomical instruments, in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. The instruments allow the observation of astronomical positions with the naked eye. They measure time, predict eclipses, track the location of major stars and ascertain the declinations of planets. Jantar Mantar is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_INDIA_MC_075.jpg
  • Dhruvdarshak Pattika, for viewing the Pole Star, a small trapezoidal structure pointing to the Pole Star on a stone base, used like a compass, at Jantar Mantar, a monument completed in 1734 built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh, founder of Jaipur, featuring 19 architectural astronomical instruments, in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. The instruments allow the observation of astronomical positions with the naked eye. They measure time, predict eclipses, track the location of major stars and ascertain the declinations of planets. Jantar Mantar is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_INDIA_MC_076.jpg
  • Chakra Yantra (right), a circular instrument measuring global coordinates of declination and the hour angle of a celestial object, at Jantar Mantar, a monument completed in 1734 built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh, founder of Jaipur, featuring 19 architectural astronomical instruments, in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. The ring in the Chakra Yantra pivots on a polar axis and a sighting tube in its centre moves on a perpendicular axis, allowing the viewing of a celestial object. On the left is the Rama Yantra, an upright building used to find the altitude and azimuth of the sun. The instruments allow the observation of astronomical positions with the naked eye. They measure time, predict eclipses, track the location of major stars and ascertain the declinations of planets. Jantar Mantar is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_INDIA_MC_091.jpg
  • Chakra Yantra, a circular instrument measuring global coordinates of declination and the hour angle of a celestial object, at Jantar Mantar, a monument completed in 1734 built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh, founder of Jaipur, featuring 19 architectural astronomical instruments, in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. The ring in the Chakra Yantra pivots on a polar axis and a sighting tube in its centre moves on a perpendicular axis, allowing the viewing of a celestial object. The instruments allow the observation of astronomical positions with the naked eye. They measure time, predict eclipses, track the location of major stars and ascertain the declinations of planets. Jantar Mantar is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_INDIA_MC_092.jpg
  • Yantra Raj, with large brass disc used as an astrolabe, to measure altitude, zenith distance, declination, longitude and local time, at Jantar Mantar, a monument completed in 1734 built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh, founder of Jaipur, featuring 19 architectural astronomical instruments, in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. The instruments allow the observation of astronomical positions with the naked eye. They measure time, predict eclipses, track the location of major stars and ascertain the declinations of planets. Jantar Mantar is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_INDIA_MC_094.jpg
  • The ozone layer that shields the Earth from the Sun's harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays is showing signs of thickening, after years of getting thinner. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    091414LJ_OzoneLayer_MC001.jpg
  • The ozone layer that shields the Earth from the Sun's harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays is showing signs of thickening, after years of getting thinner. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    091414LJ_OzoneLayer_MC002.jpg
  • Cosmological mosaic, detail of Euphrates, a personification of the river and Tranquillitas, a personification of marine calm as a naked young woman, in a room off the atrium used for business, in Casa del Mitreo, a large Roman house built late 1st - early 2nd century AD, in Emerita Augusta, founded in 25 BC by Emperor Augustus, now Merida, Extremadura, Spain. The mosaic represents the myth of the origin of the Roman universe, depicting earth, heaven and sea and the forces which govern them. The house consists of 3 peristyles or courtyards with columns, and is decorated with mosaics and frescoes. It forms part of the Merida UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_SPAIN_MC_1111.jpg
  • Cosmological mosaic, detail of Natura or Nature, wearing necklace and bracelets, with arm raised to clutch a mantle, in a room off the atrium used for business, in Casa del Mitreo, a large Roman house built late 1st - early 2nd century AD, in Emerita Augusta, founded in 25 BC by Emperor Augustus, now Merida, Extremadura, Spain. The mosaic represents the myth of the origin of the Roman universe, depicting earth, heaven and sea and the forces which govern them. The house consists of 3 peristyles or courtyards with columns, and is decorated with mosaics and frescoes. It forms part of the Merida UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_SPAIN_MC_1110.jpg
  • Central face of the Astronomical Clock depicting Christ surrounded by the 12 apostles, built 1865-68 by clockmaker Auguste Verite, based on a model of the Strasbourg clock, in the Cathedrale Saint-Pierre de Beauvais or Cathedral of St Peter of Beauvais, an incomplete Gothic Roman Catholic cathedral consecrated in 1272, Beauvais, Oise, Picardy, France. The 52 dials display the times of the rising and setting sun and moon, the position of the planets, the current time in 18 cities around the world, and the tidal times. The clock also displays the epact (age of the moon in days on January 1) and the golden number. The cathedral itself consists only of a transept built in the 16th century and choir, with apse and 7 polygonal apsidal chapels from the 13th century. It was listed as a historic monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0614.jpg
  • Emperor Charlemagne, 742-814, leaves with a small group of mounted soldiers towards Spain, following the Milky Way. He turns to talk to his advisor, the bishop Turpin. The young soldier on a white horse is Roland. Medallion of Charlemagne leaving with his soldiers, from the Charlemagne window, early 13th century, in the ambulatory of Chartres Cathedral, Eure-et-Loir, France. Chartres cathedral was built 1194-1250 and is a fine example of Gothic architecture. Most of its windows date from 1205-40 although a few earlier 12th century examples are also intact. It was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC431.jpg
  • Low angle view of a passageway in the Mnajdra Temple complex, c.3600-3200 BC, Malta, pictured on June 5, 2008, in the morning. The Republic of Malta consists of seven islands in the Mediterranean Sea of which Malta, Gozo and Comino have been inhabited since c.5,200 BC. It has been ruled by Phoenicians (Malat is Punic for safe haven), Greeks, Romans, Fatimids, Sicilians, Knights of St John, French and the British, from whom it became independent in 1964. Nine of Malta's important historical monuments are UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including  the well preserved Mnajdra Temple complex. Spectacularly sited on the Southern coast of Malta the three temples radiate from an oval forecourt. The lower temple is astronomically aligned so that the sun's rays shine straight through the doorway on the equinoxes. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    Malta08_MC_026.jpg
  • Temple of the Niches, Mayapan, old Maya capital, c. 1250, destroyed during civil war in 1441, Yucatan, Mexico Picture by Manuel Cohen
    amaya060691.jpg
  • Aries, Scorpio and Virgo, with an Olympian god holding a child, from the vault of the Chapel of Our Lady of the Rosary, built 1649, dedicated to the Virgin of the Rosary, patron saint of the Dominicans, in the Church and Convent of the Dominicans, built 1510, the first catholic building in the New World, in the Colonial Zone of Santo Domingo, capital of the Dominican Republic, in the Caribbean. The vault of the chapel is decorated with the 12 zodiacal signs around the sun and Olympian gods, and is also known as the Zodiac Chapel. The convent became the University Santo Tomas de Aquino in 1538, the first university in the Americas. Santo Domingo's Colonial Zone is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC18_DominicanRepublic_MC_265.jpg
  • Aries, Scorpio and Virgo, from the vault of the Chapel of Our Lady of the Rosary, built 1649, dedicated to the Virgin of the Rosary, patron saint of the Dominicans, in the Church and Convent of the Dominicans, built 1510, the first catholic building in the New World, in the Colonial Zone of Santo Domingo, capital of the Dominican Republic, in the Caribbean. The vault of the chapel is decorated with the 12 zodiacal signs around the sun and Olympian gods, and is also known as the Zodiac Chapel. The convent became the University Santo Tomas de Aquino in 1538, the first university in the Americas. Santo Domingo's Colonial Zone is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC18_DominicanRepublic_MC_194.jpg
  • Chimney Rock (left) and Companion Rock (right), with a full moon rising, at Chimney Rock National Monument, in Chimney Rock State Park, in San Juan National Forest, South West Colorado, USA. Every 18.6 years, the moon pauses and rises in the same place for 3 years, between Chimney Rock and Companion Rock as viewed from the Great House Pueblo, in a Major Lunar Standstill. The ridge was an ancestral Puebloan site occupied 925-1125 AD by around 2000 Indians. Chimney Rock was made a National Monument in 2012 and is listed on the US National Register of Historic Places and the Colorado State Register of Historic Properties. Picture by Howard Rowe / Manuel Cohen
    LC16_COLORADO_MC_076.jpg
  • Upper section of the Astronomical Clock with Christ, angels and moving figures, built 1865-68 by clockmaker Auguste Verite, based on a model of the Strasbourg clock, in the Cathedrale Saint-Pierre de Beauvais or Cathedral of St Peter of Beauvais, an incomplete Gothic Roman Catholic cathedral consecrated in 1272, Beauvais, Oise, Picardy, France. The 52 dials display the times of the rising and setting sun and moon, the position of the planets, the current time in 18 cities around the world, and the tidal times. The clock also displays the epact (age of the moon in days on January 1) and the golden number. The cathedral itself consists only of a transept built in the 16th century and choir, with apse and 7 polygonal apsidal chapels from the 13th century. It was listed as a historic monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0654.jpg
  • Celestial map of the Southern hemisphere on the side of the Astronomical Clock, built 1865-68 by clockmaker Auguste Verite, based on a model of the Strasbourg clock, in the Cathedrale Saint-Pierre de Beauvais or Cathedral of St Peter of Beauvais, an incomplete Gothic Roman Catholic cathedral consecrated in 1272, Beauvais, Oise, Picardy, France. The 52 dials display the times of the rising and setting sun and moon, the position of the planets, the current time in 18 cities around the world, and the tidal times. The clock also displays the epact (age of the moon in days on January 1) and the golden number. The cathedral itself consists only of a transept built in the 16th century and choir, with apse and 7 polygonal apsidal chapels from the 13th century. It was listed as a historic monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0625.jpg
  • Central face of the Astronomical Clock with the number 12 named midnight with a crescent moon, built 1865-68 by clockmaker Auguste Verite, based on a model of the Strasbourg clock, in the Cathedrale Saint-Pierre de Beauvais or Cathedral of St Peter of Beauvais, an incomplete Gothic Roman Catholic cathedral consecrated in 1272, Beauvais, Oise, Picardy, France. The 52 dials display the times of the rising and setting sun and moon, the position of the planets, the current time in 18 cities around the world, and the tidal times. The clock also displays the epact (age of the moon in days on January 1) and the golden number. The cathedral itself consists only of a transept built in the 16th century and choir, with apse and 7 polygonal apsidal chapels from the 13th century. It was listed as a historic monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0622.jpg
  • Central face of the Astronomical Clock depicting Christ, built 1865-68 by clockmaker Auguste Verite, based on a model of the Strasbourg clock, in the Cathedrale Saint-Pierre de Beauvais or Cathedral of St Peter of Beauvais, an incomplete Gothic Roman Catholic cathedral consecrated in 1272, Beauvais, Oise, Picardy, France. The 52 dials display the times of the rising and setting sun and moon, the position of the planets, the current time in 18 cities around the world, and the tidal times. The clock also displays the epact (age of the moon in days on January 1) and the golden number. The cathedral itself consists only of a transept built in the 16th century and choir, with apse and 7 polygonal apsidal chapels from the 13th century. It was listed as a historic monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0618.jpg
  • Upper section of the Astronomical Clock with Christ, angels and moving figures, built 1865-68 by clockmaker Auguste Verite, based on a model of the Strasbourg clock, in the Cathedrale Saint-Pierre de Beauvais or Cathedral of St Peter of Beauvais, an incomplete Gothic Roman Catholic cathedral consecrated in 1272, Beauvais, Oise, Picardy, France. The 52 dials display the times of the rising and setting sun and moon, the position of the planets, the current time in 18 cities around the world, and the tidal times. The clock also displays the epact (age of the moon in days on January 1) and the golden number. The cathedral itself consists only of a transept built in the 16th century and choir, with apse and 7 polygonal apsidal chapels from the 13th century. It was listed as a historic monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0616.jpg
  • A computer manipulated image of solar eclipse, how earth, moon and sun come into straight line. (Picture by Avantis/Manuel Cohen)
    03152015_SolarEclipse_Avantis_001.jpg
  • Statue of Jerome Lalande, astronomer, 1732-1807, by Jean-Joseph Perraud in the Beauvais Rotonde, in the Cour Napoleon at the Musee du Louvre, Paris, France. A series of 86 statues of famous men were placed in this courtyard 1853-57 under the architects Louis Visconti and Hector Lefuel. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_Paris_MC198.jpg
  • Teacher in a schoolroom and children learning about geography and science, from mosaic mural by Walter Womacka entitled Unser Leben or Our Life, depicting various occupations in East Berlin, on the facade of the Haus des Lehrers or House of the Teachers, built 1962-64 in East Germany or the GDR, Berlin, Germany. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_BERLIN_MC0674.jpg
  • The Orloj or Prague Astronomical Clock, made by Hanus and installed in 1410 on the southern wall of the Old Town Hall on Old Town Square, Prague, Czech Republic. The clock mechanism has 3 main components: the astronomical dial, representing the position of the Sun and Moon in the sky and displaying various astronomical details; "The Walk of the Apostles", a clockwork hourly show of figures of the Apostles and other moving sculptures striking the time; and a calendar dial with medallions representing the months. It is the third-oldest astronomical clock in the world and the oldest one still working. The historic centre of Prague was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1992. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_PRAGUE_MC137.jpg
  • Emperor Charlemagne, 742-814, with a halo and holding a sceptre, gazes in wonder at the Milky Way and wonders where it leads, accompanied by 2 followers. Section of Charlemagne watching the Milky Way, from the Charlemagne window, early 13th century, in the ambulatory of Chartres Cathedral, Eure-et-Loir, France. Chartres cathedral was built 1194-1250 and is a fine example of Gothic architecture. Most of its windows date from 1205-40 although a few earlier 12th century examples are also intact. It was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_FRANCE_MC437.jpg
  • Zodiac fresco on domed ceiling of caldarium or hot room, Qasr Amra, Jordan. This fresco is an accurate representation of the heavens and the zodiac, with 35 identifiable constellations. It is the earliest painted image of the night sky on a dome. The original castle complex was built in 723-743 by Walid Ibn Yazid, the future Umayyad Caliph Walid II. It was a fortress with military garrison and residence of the Umayyad Caliphs. Today only the royal pleasure cabin remains, with reception hall and hammam or bath house. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC12_Jordan_MC335.jpg
  • Zodiac fresco on domed ceiling of caldarium or hot room, Qasr Amra, Jordan. This fresco is an accurate representation of the heavens and the zodiac, with 35 identifiable constellations. It is the earliest painted image of the night sky on a dome. The original castle complex was built in 723-743 by Walid Ibn Yazid, the future Umayyad Caliph Walid II. It was a fortress with military garrison and residence of the Umayyad Caliphs. Today only the royal pleasure cabin remains, with reception hall and hammam or bath house. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC12_Jordan_MC336.jpg
  • Zodiac fresco on domed ceiling of caldarium or hot room, Qasr Amra, Jordan. This detail is of a centaur representing Sagittarius. The fresco is an accurate representation of the heavens and the zodiac, with 35 identifiable constellations. It is the earliest painted image of the night sky on a dome. Here we can see evidence of graffiti damage. The original castle complex was built in 723-743 by Walid Ibn Yazid, the future Umayyad Caliph Walid II. It was a fortress with military garrison and residence of the Umayyad Caliphs. Today only the royal pleasure cabin remains, with reception hall and hammam or bath house. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC12_Jordan_MC364.jpg
  • Gnomon or Meridian Line, installed 1743, and sculpture of St Peter, Eglise Saint-Sulpice (St Sulpitius' Church), c.1646-1745, Paris, France. The Gnomon, an astronomical instrument installed with the approval of the Observatory, running from the nave to this obelisk, features in the popular novel, The Da Vinci Code, 2003, by Dan Brown. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC12_Paris_MC033.jpg
  • General view of Ulug Beg Observatory, 1420s, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 17, 2010, in the afternoon. Ulugh Beg built this observatory to advance astronomical study at his Madrasah and appointed Ali Qushji to direct it. Other astronomers associated with the observatory included Qadizada al-Rumi and Jamshid Kashani. Destroyed by religious fanatics in 1449 the observatory was re-discovered in 1908, by V L Vyatkin. One of his most exciting discoveries was the Fakhri sextant, a large arch used for the observation of the Sun, Moon and other celestial bodies, and to determine midday, which was placed in a trench dug into a hill along the line of the Meridian. Samarkand, a city on the Silk Road, founded as Afrosiab in the 7th century BC, is a meeting point for the world's cultures. Its most important development was in the Timurid period, 14th to 15th centuries. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC092.jpg
  • Aerial view of the Mnajdra Temple complex, c.3600-3200 BC, Malta, pictured on June 5, 2008, in the morning. The Republic of Malta consists of seven islands in the Mediterranean Sea of which Malta, Gozo and Comino have been inhabited since c.5,200 BC. It has been ruled by Phoenicians (Malat is Punic for safe haven), Greeks, Romans, Fatimids, Sicilians, Knights of St John, French and the British, from whom it became independent in 1964. Nine of Malta's important historical monuments are UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including  the well preserved Mnajdra Temple complex. Spectacularly sited on the Southern coast of Malta the three temples radiate from an oval forecourt. The lower temple is astronomically aligned so that the sun's rays shine straight through the doorway on the equinoxes. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    Malta08_MC_060.jpg
  • Aerial view of the Mnajdra Temple complex, c.3600-3200 BC, Malta, pictured on June 5, 2008, in the morning. The Republic of Malta consists of seven islands in the Mediterranean Sea of which Malta, Gozo and Comino have been inhabited since c.5,200 BC. It has been ruled by Phoenicians (Malat is Punic for safe haven), Greeks, Romans, Fatimids, Sicilians, Knights of St John, French and the British, from whom it became independent in 1964. Nine of Malta's important historical monuments are UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including  the well preserved Mnajdra Temple complex. Spectacularly sited on the Southern coast of Malta the three temples radiate from an oval forecourt. The lower temple is astronomically aligned so that the sun's rays shine straight through the doorway on the equinoxes. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    Malta08_MC_059.jpg
  • Aerial view of the Mnajdra Temple complex, c.3600-3200 BC, Malta, pictured on June 5, 2008, in the morning. The Republic of Malta consists of seven islands in the Mediterranean Sea of which Malta, Gozo and Comino have been inhabited since c.5,200 BC. It has been ruled by Phoenicians (Malat is Punic for safe haven), Greeks, Romans, Fatimids, Sicilians, Knights of St John, French and the British, from whom it became independent in 1964. Nine of Malta's important historical monuments are UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including  the well preserved Mnajdra Temple complex. Spectacularly sited on the Southern coast of Malta the three temples radiate from an oval forecourt. The lower temple is astronomically aligned so that the sun's rays shine straight through the doorway on the equinoxes. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    Malta08_MC_058.jpg
  • Aerial view of the Mnajdra Temple complex, c.3600-3200 BC, Malta, pictured on June 5, 2008, in the morning. The Republic of Malta consists of seven islands in the Mediterranean Sea of which Malta, Gozo and Comino have been inhabited since c.5,200 BC. It has been ruled by Phoenicians (Malat is Punic for safe haven), Greeks, Romans, Fatimids, Sicilians, Knights of St John, French and the British, from whom it became independent in 1964. Nine of Malta's important historical monuments are UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including  the well preserved Mnajdra Temple complex. Spectacularly sited on the Southern coast of Malta the three temples radiate from an oval forecourt. The lower temple is astronomically aligned so that the sun's rays shine straight through the doorway on the equinoxes. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    Malta08_MC_057.jpg
  • Low angle view of a passageway in the Mnajdra Temple complex, c.3600-3200 BC, Malta, pictured on June 5, 2008, in the morning. The Republic of Malta consists of seven islands in the Mediterranean Sea of which Malta, Gozo and Comino have been inhabited since c.5,200 BC. It has been ruled by Phoenicians (Malat is Punic for safe haven), Greeks, Romans, Fatimids, Sicilians, Knights of St John, French and the British, from whom it became independent in 1964. Nine of Malta's important historical monuments are UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including  the well preserved Mnajdra Temple complex. Spectacularly sited on the Southern coast of Malta the three temples radiate from an oval forecourt. The lower temple is astronomically aligned so that the sun's rays shine straight through the doorway on the equinoxes. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    Malta08_MC_028.jpg
  • Low angle view of a stone window frame in the Mnajdra Temple complex, c.3600-3200 BC, Malta, pictured on June 5, 2008, in the morning. The Republic of Malta consists of seven islands in the Mediterranean Sea of which Malta, Gozo and Comino have been inhabited since c.5,200 BC. It has been ruled by Phoenicians (Malat is Punic for safe haven), Greeks, Romans, Fatimids, Sicilians, Knights of St John, French and the British, from whom it became independent in 1964. Nine of Malta's important historical monuments are UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including  the well preserved Mnajdra Temple complex. Spectacularly sited on the Southern coast of Malta the three temples radiate from an oval forecourt. The lower temple is astronomically aligned so that the sun's rays shine straight through the doorway on the equinoxes. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    Malta08_MC_027.jpg
  • Temple of 7 Dolls with 4 staircases orientated to the cardinal points and topped with central tower for celestial observations, Doorway on each side of the structure and windows on each side of the east and west entrances, 5th-8th century, Dzibilchaltun, Yucatan, Mexico. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    AMAYA060832.jpg
  • Temple of the Warriors, Mayapan, old Maya capital, c. 1250, destroyed during civil war in 1441, Yucatan, Mexico Picture by Manuel Cohen
    amaya060693.jpg
  • Temple of the Niches with the Pyramid of Kukulcan in the distance, Mayapan, old Maya capital, c. 1250, destroyed during civil war in 1441, Yucatan, Mexico Picture by Manuel Cohen
    amaya060692.jpg
  • Round temple called the Observatory, Mayapan, old Maya capital, c. 1250, destroyed during civil war in 1441, Yucatan, Mexico Picture by Manuel Cohen
    amaya060689.jpg
  • Carving of the god of rain, Chaac with the symbol of corn (¤) above the mask, The Astronomical Observatory, called El Caracol (Snail) because of the spiral staircase inside it, Toltec architecture, 900-1100 AD, Chichen Itza, Yucatan, Mexico. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    amaya060661.jpg
  • The Astronomical Observatory, called El Caracol (Snail) because of the spiral staircase inside it, rectangular platform of 67 meters from north to south and 52 meters from east to west with a cylindrical tower standing on it, about 16 meters high, Toltec architecture, 900-1100 AD, Chichen Itza, Yucatan, Mexico. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    amaya060660.jpg
  • Cosmological mosaic, detail of Oriens the sun with gold halo, in a room off the atrium used for business, in Casa del Mitreo, a large Roman house built late 1st - early 2nd century AD, in Emerita Augusta, founded in 25 BC by Emperor Augustus, now Merida, Extremadura, Spain. The mosaic represents the myth of the origin of the Roman universe, depicting earth, heaven and sea and the forces which govern them. The house consists of 3 peristyles or courtyards with columns, and is decorated with mosaics and frescoes. It forms part of the Merida UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_SPAIN_MC_0366.jpg
  • Mercury, messenger to the gods, and Taurus, from the vault of the Chapel of Our Lady of the Rosary, built 1649, dedicated to the Virgin of the Rosary, patron saint of the Dominicans, in the Church and Convent of the Dominicans, built 1510, the first catholic building in the New World, in the Colonial Zone of Santo Domingo, capital of the Dominican Republic, in the Caribbean. The vault of the chapel is decorated with the 12 zodiacal signs around the sun and Olympian gods, and is also known as the Zodiac Chapel. The convent became the University Santo Tomas de Aquino in 1538, the first university in the Americas. Santo Domingo's Colonial Zone is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC18_DominicanRepublic_MC_267.jpg
  • Olympian god holding a child, from the vault of the Chapel of Our Lady of the Rosary, built 1649, dedicated to the Virgin of the Rosary, patron saint of the Dominicans, in the Church and Convent of the Dominicans, built 1510, the first catholic building in the New World, in the Colonial Zone of Santo Domingo, capital of the Dominican Republic, in the Caribbean. The vault of the chapel is decorated with the 12 zodiacal signs around the sun and Olympian gods, and is also known as the Zodiac Chapel. The convent became the University Santo Tomas de Aquino in 1538, the first university in the Americas. Santo Domingo's Colonial Zone is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC18_DominicanRepublic_MC_266.jpg
  • Sagittarius, with the centaur Chiron firing a bow and arrow, Pisces, and possibly Zeus with his crown and eagle, from the vault of the Chapel of Our Lady of the Rosary, built 1649, dedicated to the Virgin of the Rosary, patron saint of the Dominicans, in the Church and Convent of the Dominicans, built 1510, the first catholic building in the New World, in the Colonial Zone of Santo Domingo, capital of the Dominican Republic, in the Caribbean. The vault of the chapel is decorated with the 12 zodiacal signs around the sun and Olympian gods, and is also known as the Zodiac Chapel. The convent became the University Santo Tomas de Aquino in 1538, the first university in the Americas. Santo Domingo's Colonial Zone is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC18_DominicanRepublic_MC_264.jpg
  • Sun, in the centre of the vault, decorated with the 12 zodiacal signs and Olympian gods, of the Chapel of Our Lady of the Rosary, also known as the Zodiac Chapel, built 1649, dedicated to the Virgin of the Rosary, patron saint of the Dominicans, in the Church and Convent of the Dominicans, built 1510, the first catholic building in the New World, in the Colonial Zone of Santo Domingo, capital of the Dominican Republic, in the Caribbean. The convent became the University Santo Tomas de Aquino in 1538, the first university in the Americas. Santo Domingo's Colonial Zone is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC18_DominicanRepublic_MC_263.JPG
  • Vault, with the 12 zodiacal signs around the sun and Olympian gods, of the Chapel of Our Lady of the Rosary, also known as the Zodiac Chapel,  built 1649, dedicated to the Virgin of the Rosary, patron saint of the Dominicans, in the Church and Convent of the Dominicans, built 1510, the first catholic building in the New World, in the Colonial Zone of Santo Domingo, capital of the Dominican Republic, in the Caribbean. The convent became the University Santo Tomas de Aquino in 1538, the first university in the Americas. Santo Domingo's Colonial Zone is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC18_DominicanRepublic_MC_262.jpg
  • Gemini, Mars or Ares, and Leo, from the vault of the Chapel of Our Lady of the Rosary, built 1649, dedicated to the Virgin of the Rosary, patron saint of the Dominicans, in the Church and Convent of the Dominicans, built 1510, the first catholic building in the New World, in the Colonial Zone of Santo Domingo, capital of the Dominican Republic, in the Caribbean. The vault of the chapel is decorated with the 12 zodiacal signs around the sun and Olympian gods, and is also known as the Zodiac Chapel. The convent became the University Santo Tomas de Aquino in 1538, the first university in the Americas. Santo Domingo's Colonial Zone is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC18_DominicanRepublic_MC_195.jpg
  • Mercury, messenger to the gods, and Taurus, from the vault of the Chapel of Our Lady of the Rosary, built 1649, dedicated to the Virgin of the Rosary, patron saint of the Dominicans, in the Church and Convent of the Dominicans, built 1510, the first catholic building in the New World, in the Colonial Zone of Santo Domingo, capital of the Dominican Republic, in the Caribbean. The vault of the chapel is decorated with the 12 zodiacal signs around the sun and Olympian gods, and is also known as the Zodiac Chapel. The convent became the University Santo Tomas de Aquino in 1538, the first university in the Americas. Santo Domingo's Colonial Zone is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC18_DominicanRepublic_MC_193.jpg
  • Sagittarius, with the centaur Chiron firing a bow and arrow, Pisces, and possibly Zeus with his crown and eagle, from the vault of the Chapel of Our Lady of the Rosary, built 1649, dedicated to the Virgin of the Rosary, patron saint of the Dominicans, in the Church and Convent of the Dominicans, built 1510, the first catholic building in the New World, in the Colonial Zone of Santo Domingo, capital of the Dominican Republic, in the Caribbean. The vault of the chapel is decorated with the 12 zodiacal signs around the sun and Olympian gods, and is also known as the Zodiac Chapel. The convent became the University Santo Tomas de Aquino in 1538, the first university in the Americas. Santo Domingo's Colonial Zone is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC18_DominicanRepublic_MC_192.jpg
  • Astronomical clock, built to commemorate the marriage of Charles VII and Marie of Anjou here on April 22nd, 1422 and the baptism of their son Louis XI by canon Jean Fusoris, in the nave of Bourges Cathedral or the Cathedrale Saint-Etienne de Bourges, built 1195-1230 in French Gothic style and consecrated in 1324, in Bourges, Centre-Val de Loire, France. The clock's shape resembles a medieval belfry and its painted decoration is by Jean d'Orleans.  The face tells the time, the day of the lunar cycle and the corresponding zodiacal symbol. The original mechanism still works although an upper dial was added in the 17th century and the clock was entirely restored in 1994. The cathedral is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0176.jpg
  • Painting of the tides at Mont Saint Michel, and clock showing the time on the open sea, on the side of the Astronomical Clock, built 1865-68 by clockmaker Auguste Verite, based on a model of the Strasbourg clock, in the Cathedrale Saint-Pierre de Beauvais or Cathedral of St Peter of Beauvais, an incomplete Gothic Roman Catholic cathedral consecrated in 1272, Beauvais, Oise, Picardy, France. The 52 dials display the times of the rising and setting sun and moon, the position of the planets, the current time in 18 cities around the world, and the tidal times. The clock also displays the epact (age of the moon in days on January 1) and the golden number. The cathedral itself consists only of a transept built in the 16th century and choir, with apse and 7 polygonal apsidal chapels from the 13th century. It was listed as a historic monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0624.jpg
  • City time dials of the Astronomical Clock, with Paris time in the centre, and times in Madrid, Lisbon, London,  Tahiti, Mexico, New York, Cayenne and Rio de Janeiro, built 1865-68 by clockmaker Auguste Verite, based on a model of the Strasbourg clock, in the Cathedrale Saint-Pierre de Beauvais or Cathedral of St Peter of Beauvais, an incomplete Gothic Roman Catholic cathedral consecrated in 1272, Beauvais, Oise, Picardy, France. The 52 dials display the times of the rising and setting sun and moon, the position of the planets, the current time in 18 cities around the world, and the tidal times. The clock also displays the epact (age of the moon in days on January 1) and the golden number. The cathedral itself consists only of a transept built in the 16th century and choir, with apse and 7 polygonal apsidal chapels from the 13th century. It was listed as a historic monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0623.jpg
  • Upper section of the Astronomical Clock with cross and angel, built 1865-68 by clockmaker Auguste Verite, based on a model of the Strasbourg clock, in the Cathedrale Saint-Pierre de Beauvais or Cathedral of St Peter of Beauvais, an incomplete Gothic Roman Catholic cathedral consecrated in 1272, Beauvais, Oise, Picardy, France. The 52 dials display the times of the rising and setting sun and moon, the position of the planets, the current time in 18 cities around the world, and the tidal times. The clock also displays the epact (age of the moon in days on January 1) and the golden number. The cathedral itself consists only of a transept built in the 16th century and choir, with apse and 7 polygonal apsidal chapels from the 13th century. It was listed as a historic monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0621.jpg
  • Pendulum and mechanical workings of the Astronomical Clock, built 1865-68 by clockmaker Auguste Verite, based on a model of the Strasbourg clock, in the Cathedrale Saint-Pierre de Beauvais or Cathedral of St Peter of Beauvais, an incomplete Gothic Roman Catholic cathedral consecrated in 1272, Beauvais, Oise, Picardy, France. The 52 dials display the times of the rising and setting sun and moon, the position of the planets, the current time in 18 cities around the world, and the tidal times. The clock also displays the epact (age of the moon in days on January 1) and the golden number. The cathedral itself consists only of a transept built in the 16th century and choir, with apse and 7 polygonal apsidal chapels from the 13th century. It was listed as a historic monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0620.jpg
  • Figure of the Pope in a window on the Astronomical Clock, built 1865-68 by clockmaker Auguste Verite, based on a model of the Strasbourg clock, in the Cathedrale Saint-Pierre de Beauvais or Cathedral of St Peter of Beauvais, an incomplete Gothic Roman Catholic cathedral consecrated in 1272, Beauvais, Oise, Picardy, France. The 52 dials display the times of the rising and setting sun and moon, the position of the planets, the current time in 18 cities around the world, and the tidal times. The clock also displays the epact (age of the moon in days on January 1) and the golden number. The cathedral itself consists only of a transept built in the 16th century and choir, with apse and 7 polygonal apsidal chapels from the 13th century. It was listed as a historic monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0619.jpg
  • Faces of the Astronomical Clock with 52 dials displaying the times of the rising and setting sun and moon, the position of the planets, the current time in 18 cities around the world, and the tidal times, built 1865-68 by clockmaker Auguste Verite, based on a model of the Strasbourg clock, in the Cathedrale Saint-Pierre de Beauvais or Cathedral of St Peter of Beauvais, an incomplete Gothic Roman Catholic cathedral consecrated in 1272, Beauvais, Oise, Picardy, France. The central face depicts Christ and is surrounded by the 12 apostles. The clock also displays the epact (age of the moon in days on January 1) and the golden number. The cathedral itself consists only of a transept built in the 16th century and choir, with apse and 7 polygonal apsidal chapels from the 13th century. It was listed as a historic monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0617.jpg
  • Faces of the Astronomical Clock with 52 dials displaying the times of the rising and setting sun and moon, the position of the planets, the current time in 18 cities around the world, and the tidal times, built 1865-68 by clockmaker Auguste Verite, based on a model of the Strasbourg clock, in the Cathedrale Saint-Pierre de Beauvais or Cathedral of St Peter of Beauvais, an incomplete Gothic Roman Catholic cathedral consecrated in 1272, Beauvais, Oise, Picardy, France. The central face depicts Christ and is surrounded by the 12 apostles. The clock also displays the epact (age of the moon in days on January 1) and the golden number. The cathedral itself consists only of a transept built in the 16th century and choir, with apse and 7 polygonal apsidal chapels from the 13th century. It was listed as a historic monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0615.jpg
  • Couple with dove, from mosaic mural by Walter Womacka entitled Unser Leben or Our Life, depicting various occupations in East Berlin, on the facade of the Haus des Lehrers or House of the Teachers, built 1962-64 in East Germany or the GDR, Berlin, Germany. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_BERLIN_MC0673.jpg
  • The Orloj or Prague Astronomical Clock, made by Hanus and installed in 1410 on the southern wall of the Old Town Hall on Old Town Square, Prague, Czech Republic. The clock mechanism has 3 main components: the astronomical dial, representing the position of the Sun and Moon in the sky and displaying various astronomical details; "The Walk of the Apostles", a clockwork hourly show of figures of the Apostles and other moving sculptures striking the time; and a calendar dial with medallions representing the months. It is the third-oldest astronomical clock in the world and the oldest one still working. The historic centre of Prague was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1992. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_PRAGUE_MC096.jpg
  • The Orloj or Prague Astronomical Clock, made by Hanus and installed in 1410 on the southern wall of the Old Town Hall on Old Town Square, Prague, Czech Republic. The clock mechanism has 3 main components: the astronomical dial, representing the position of the Sun and Moon in the sky and displaying various astronomical details; "The Walk of the Apostles", a clockwork hourly show of figures of the Apostles and other moving sculptures striking the time; and a calendar dial with medallions representing the months. It is the third-oldest astronomical clock in the world and the oldest one still working. The historic centre of Prague was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1992. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_PRAGUE_MC080.jpg
  • The Orloj or Prague Astronomical Clock, made by Hanus and installed in 1410 on the southern wall of the Old Town Hall on Old Town Square, Prague, Czech Republic. The clock mechanism has 3 main components: the astronomical dial, representing the position of the Sun and Moon in the sky and displaying various astronomical details; "The Walk of the Apostles", a clockwork hourly show of figures of the Apostles and other moving sculptures striking the time; and a calendar dial with medallions representing the months. It is the third-oldest astronomical clock in the world and the oldest one still working. The historic centre of Prague was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1992. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_PRAGUE_MC079.jpg
  • The Orloj or Prague Astronomical Clock, made by Hanus and installed in 1410 on the southern wall of the Old Town Hall on Old Town Square, Prague, Czech Republic. The clock mechanism has 3 main components: the astronomical dial, representing the position of the Sun and Moon in the sky and displaying various astronomical details; "The Walk of the Apostles", a clockwork hourly show of figures of the Apostles and other moving sculptures striking the time; and a calendar dial with medallions representing the months. It is the third-oldest astronomical clock in the world and the oldest one still working. The historic centre of Prague was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1992. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_PRAGUE_MC054.jpg
  • Zodiac fresco on domed ceiling of caldarium or hot room, Qasr Amra, Jordan. This fresco is an accurate representation of the heavens and the zodiac, with 35 identifiable constellations. It is the earliest painted image of the night sky on a dome. The original castle complex was built in 723-743 by Walid Ibn Yazid, the future Umayyad Caliph Walid II. It was a fortress with military garrison and residence of the Umayyad Caliphs. Today only the royal pleasure cabin remains, with reception hall and hammam or bath house. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC12_Jordan_MC377.jpg
  • Gnomon or Meridian Line, installed 1743, Eglise Saint-Sulpice (St Sulpitius' Church), c.1646-1745, late Baroque church on the Left Bank, Paris, France. The Gnomon, an astronomical instrument installed with the approval of the Observatory, running from the nave to this obelisk, features in the popular novel, The Da Vinci Code, 2003, by Dan Brown. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC12_Paris_MC008.jpg
  • High angle view of trench, Ulugh Beg Observatory, 1420s, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 17, 2010. Ulugh Beg built this observatory to advance astronomical study at his Madrasah and appointed Ali Qushji to direct it. Other astronomers associated with the observatory included Qadizada al-Rumi and Jamshid Kashani. Destroyed by religious fanatics in 1449 the observatory was re-discovered in 1908, by V L Vyatkin. One of his most exciting discoveries was the Fakhri sextant, a large arch used for the observation of the Sun, Moon and other celestial bodies, and to determine midday, which was placed in a trench dug into a hill along the line of the Meridian. Samarkand, a city on the Silk Road, founded as Afrosiab in the 7th century BC, is a meeting point for the world's cultures. Its most important development was in the Timurid period, 14th to 15th centuries. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC093.jpg
  • Detail of a stone shelves in the Mnajdra Temple complex, c.3600-3200 BC, Malta, pictured on June 5, 2008, in the morning. The Republic of Malta consists of seven islands in the Mediterranean Sea of which Malta, Gozo and Comino have been inhabited since c.5,200 BC. It has been ruled by Phoenicians (Malat is Punic for safe haven), Greeks, Romans, Fatimids, Sicilians, Knights of St John, French and the British, from whom it became independent in 1964. Nine of Malta's important historical monuments are UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including  the well preserved Mnajdra Temple complex. Spectacularly sited on the Southern coast of Malta the three temples radiate from an oval forecourt. The lower temple is astronomically aligned so that the sun's rays shine straight through the doorway on the equinoxes. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    Malta08_MC_025.jpg
  • Detail of a stone table and walls in the Mnajdra Temple complex, c.3600-3200 BC, Malta, pictured on June 5, 2008, in the morning. The Republic of Malta consists of seven islands in the Mediterranean Sea of which Malta, Gozo and Comino have been inhabited since c.5,200 BC. It has been ruled by Phoenicians (Malat is Punic for safe haven), Greeks, Romans, Fatimids, Sicilians, Knights of St John, French and the British, from whom it became independent in 1964. Nine of Malta's important historical monuments are UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including  the well preserved Mnajdra Temple complex. Spectacularly sited on the Southern coast of Malta the three temples radiate from an oval forecourt. The lower temple is astronomically aligned so that the sun's rays shine straight through the doorway on the equinoxes. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    Malta08_MC_024.jpg
  • Detail of a niche in the Mnajdra Temple complex, c.3600-3200 BC, Malta, pictured on June 5, 2008, in the morning. The Republic of Malta consists of seven islands in the Mediterranean Sea of which Malta, Gozo and Comino have been inhabited since c.5,200 BC. It has been ruled by Phoenicians (Malat is Punic for safe haven), Greeks, Romans, Fatimids, Sicilians, Knights of St John, French and the British, from whom it became independent in 1964. Nine of Malta's important historical monuments are UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including  the well preserved Mnajdra Temple complex. Spectacularly sited on the Southern coast of Malta the three temples radiate from an oval forecourt. The lower temple is astronomically aligned so that the sun's rays shine straight through the doorway on the equinoxes. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    Malta08_MC_023.jpg
  • Low angle view of a doorway in the Mnajdra Temple complex, c.3600-3200 BC, Malta, pictured on June 5, 2008, in the morning. The Republic of Malta consists of seven islands in the Mediterranean Sea of which Malta, Gozo and Comino have been inhabited since c.5,200 BC. It has been ruled by Phoenicians (Malat is Punic for safe haven), Greeks, Romans, Fatimids, Sicilians, Knights of St John, French and the British, from whom it became independent in 1964. Nine of Malta's important historical monuments are UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including  the well preserved Mnajdra Temple complex. Spectacularly sited on the Southern coast of Malta the three temples radiate from an oval forecourt. The lower temple is astronomically aligned so that the sun's rays shine straight through the doorway on the equinoxes. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    Malta08_MC_022.jpg
  • Low angle view of a passageway in the Mnajdra Temple complex, c.3600-3200 BC, Malta, pictured on June 5, 2008, in the morning. The Republic of Malta consists of seven islands in the Mediterranean Sea of which Malta, Gozo and Comino have been inhabited since c.5,200 BC. It has been ruled by Phoenicians (Malat is Punic for safe haven), Greeks, Romans, Fatimids, Sicilians, Knights of St John, French and the British, from whom it became independent in 1964. Nine of Malta's important historical monuments are UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including  the well preserved Mnajdra Temple complex. Spectacularly sited on the Southern coast of Malta the three temples radiate from an oval forecourt. The lower temple is astronomically aligned so that the sun's rays shine straight through the doorway on the equinoxes. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    Malta08_MC_021.jpg
  • Temple of 7 Dolls, Detail of the corner of the platform supporting the central tower for celestial observations, shaped as a serpent, 5th-8th century, Dzibilchaltun, Yucatan, Mexico. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    DMAYA060922.jpg
  • Temple of 7 Dolls, Detail of the corner of the platform supporting the central tower for celestial observations, shaped as a serpent, 5th-8th century, Dzibilchaltun, Yucatan, Mexico. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    DMAYA060921.jpg
  • Temple of 7 Dolls with 4 staircases orientated to the cardinal points and topped with central tower for celestial observations, Doorway on each side of the structure and windows on each side of the east and west entrances, 5th-8th century, Dzibilchaltun, Yucatan, Mexico. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    DMAYA060920.jpg
  • Temple of 7 Dolls with 4 staircases orientated to the cardinal points and topped with central tower for celestial observations, Doorway on each side of the structure and windows on each side of the east and west entrances, 5th-8th century, Dzibilchaltun, Yucatan, Mexico. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    DMAYA060919.jpg
  • The Astronomical Observatory, called El Caracol (Snail) because of the spiral staircase inside it, rectangular platform of 67 meters from north to south and 52 meters from east to west with a cylindrical tower standing on it, about 16 meters high, Toltec architecture, 900-1100 AD, Chichen Itza, Yucatan, Mexico. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    DMAYA060782.jpg
  • Entrance to The Temple of the Magician or House of the Dwarf, c. 900 AD, Puuc architecture, Uxmal late classical Mayan site, flourished between 600-900 AD, Yucatan, Mexico. On both sides of the entrance, panels with calendric or astronomic hieroglyphs. Above the nose of the huge mask, an empty niche which may contain the statue of an importanty personnage on a pedestal held up by two kneeling slaves. On each corner, masks of Chaac, as well as on the middle of the staircase. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    amaya060711.jpg
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