manuel cohen

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  • Women wearing traditional muslim clothes cross the Khast Imam Square, Taskent, Uzbekistan. In the background stands the Khast Imam Mosque, 16th century, seen in the late afternoon summer light on July 4, 2010. Tashkent, 2000 year old capital city of Uzbekistan, a Silk Road city whose name means "Stone Fortress", is now very modern due to a disastrous earthquake in 1966, after which it was greatly rebuilt. However, some of the old buildings still stand in the glittering modern city.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC002.jpg
  • A low angle view of Sheikhantaur Mausoleum, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, early 15th century and restored in the 19th century, seen in the late afternoon summer light on July 3, 2010. Tashkent, 2000 year old capital city of Uzbekistan, a Silk Road city whose name means "Stone Fortress", is now very modern due to a disastrous earthquake in 1966, after which it was greatly rebuilt. However, some of the old buildings still stand in the glittering modern city.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC001.jpg
  • Panoramic view of the Barak-Khan Madrasah, 16th-17th century, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, seen on July 4, 2010, in the late afternoon summer light. Tashkent, 2000 year old capital city of Uzbekistan, a Silk Road city whose name means "Stone Fortress", is now very modern due to a disastrous earthquake in 1966, after which it was greatly rebuilt. However, some of the old buildings still stand in the glittering modern city.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC045.jpg
  • Detail of mosaic on blue dome, Chor-Bakr Necropolis, 16th century, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 10, 2010 in the afternoon. The memorial complex of Chor-Bakr, located around the tomb of Abu-Bakr-Said (died 970 AD), and his three brothers, who were descendants of the Prophet Muhammad, was originally commissioned by Abdullah Khan in 1559-63, and further developed by Adullahan II in 1858. Regarded as a Holy site it contains a Mosque, Khanagha and Madrasah and is plain in style. Bukhara, a city on the Silk Route is about 2500 years old. Its long history is displayed both through the impressive monuments and the overall town planning and architecture. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC289.jpg
  • Madrasah of Seyid Amir Alim-Khan, 14th century, and in the background, Madrasah of Miri-Arab, 16th century, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 7, 2010, glowing in the warm light of a late afternoon in summer. Bukhara, a city on the Silk Route is about 2500 years old. Its long history is displayed both through the impressive monuments and the overall town planning and architecture.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC019.jpg
  • Detail of domes and mosaic decoration, Shah-i-Zinda Complex, 14th-15th century, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 16, 2010, in the afternoon. The Shah-i-Zinda Complex is a necropolis of mausoleums whose legendary origin dates back to 676 when Kussam-ibn-Abbas arrived to convert the locals to Islam. So successful was he that he was assassinated whilst at prayer. His grave remains the centre of the sacred site which grew over many centuries, especially the 14th and 15th, into an architecturally stunning  example of ceramic art. Samarkand, a city on the Silk Road, founded as Afrosiab in the 7th century BC, is a meeting point for the world's cultures. Its most important development was in the Timurid period, 14th to 15th centuries. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC090.jpg
  • View from the side of Shakhi-Zinda Necropolis, 14th-15th century, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, seen in the early morning summer light on July 19, 2010.  Samarkand, a city on the Silk Road, founded as Afrosiab in the 7th century BC, is a meeting point for the world's cultures. Its most important development was in the Timurid period, 14th to 15th centuries.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC039.jpg
  • Detail of dome and minaret of the Sher-Dor Madrasah, seen from the Chorsu, dome-arched construction, 1619-36, Registan, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 16, 2010, in the afternoon. The Sher-Dor Madrasah, commissioned by Yalangtush Bakhodur as part of the Registan ensemble, and designed by Abdujabor, takes its name, "Having Tigers", from the double mosaic (restored in the 20th century) on the tympans of the portal arch showing suns and tigers attacking deer. Samarkand, a city on the Silk Road, founded as Afrosiab in the 7th century BC, is a meeting point for the world's cultures. Its most important development was in the Timurid period, 14th to 15th centuries. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC036.jpg
  • Aerial view of the Sher-Dor Madrasah, 1619-1636, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 15, 2010 at sunset which lights up the elaborately tiled facade and domes. In the background is the Chorsu, a dome-arched construction, 15th and 18th century, the old shopping centre of the city. Samarkand, a city on the Silk Road, founded as Afrosiab in the 7th century BC, is a meeting point for the world's cultures. Its most important development was in the Timurid period, 14th to 15th centuries.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC035.jpg
  • Mausoleum of the Samanids, 9th-10th century, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 11, 2010 reflected in a pool by the late afternoon light. Built of kiln-dried bricks by Ismail Samani for his father Nasr I, who died in 892, the harmony of its geometrical form has earned it a place on the register of World Heritage. Bukhara, a city on the Silk Route is about 2500 years old. Its long history is displayed both through the impressive monuments and the overall town planning and architecture.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC027.jpg
  • Panoramic view of the Necropolis of the Memorial complex of Chor-Bakr, 16th century, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 10, 2010, in the late afternoon light.  Bukhara, a city on the Silk Route is about 2500 years old. Its long history is displayed both through the impressive monuments and the overall town planning and architecture.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC025.jpg
  • Low angle view of Memorial complex of Chor-Bakr, 16th century, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 10, 2010 in the afternoon light. This view shows the side portal decorated with two stories of loggias and the blue dome of the mosque in the background.  Bukhara, a city on the Silk Route is about 2500 years old. Its long history is displayed both through the impressive monuments and the overall town planning and architecture.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC024.jpg
  • Detail of the Kalyan minaret, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, 12th century, on July 9, 2010, showing the geometrical ornaments, seen in the warm late afternoon light of a summer afternoon. Bukhara, a city on the Silk Route is about 2500 years old. Its long history is displayed both through the impressive monuments and the overall town planning and architecture.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC022.jpg
  • Kalyan mosque courtyard with the silhouette of the ablution fountain in the foreground, 15th-16th century, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 9, 2010 in the afternoon light. Two blue domes and the elaborately tiled facade are visible in the background. Bukhara, a city on the Silk Route is about 2500 years old. Its long history is displayed both through the impressive monuments and the overall town planning and architecture.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC021.jpg
  • Low angle view of the gateway to the Kalyan mosque, 15th-16th century, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 7, 2010, in the early morning light. A woman with an umbrella, walking through the gate, is dwarfed by the immense size of the elaborately tiled archway. Bukhara, a city on the Silk Route is about 2500 years old. Its long history is displayed both through the impressive monuments and the overall town planning and architecture.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC020.jpg
  • View from the front of a man cycling towards the Ata-Davarza gate, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 7, 2010, in the late afternoon light of a summer day. The Muhammad Aminkhan Madrasah and Kalta Minar are visible in the distance.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC018.jpg
  • Old man walking in the streets of Ichan-Kala, Khiva, Uzbekistan, seen from behind and against the light on July 7, 2010, in the afternoon.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC017.jpg
  • Detail of a marble gravestone in the necropolis of Pahlavan-Mahmud, 14th to 16th century, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6 2010, lit by a beam of the strong summer afternoon sunshine.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC013.jpg
  • Detail of a pillar in the Tash Khauli Palace courtyard, 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6 2010, in the afternoon. The courtyard is decorated with patterned blue and white tiles. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. The harem, occupying about half of the palace has 5 aiwan terraces, with delicately carved wooden pillars,  behind which were the quarters for the khan and his wives. Across the courtyard were the  concubines' apartments.  The facades and walls around the courtyards were decorated with traditional blue, ultramarine and white colours majolica made by Abdullah.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC012.jpg
  • View from above of a woman walking in the Harem of the Tash Khauli Palace, 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6 2010, in the summer morning light. The courtyard is decorated with patterned blue and white tiles set in brick. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. The harem, occupying about half of the palace has 5 aiwan terraces, with delicately carved wooden pillars,  behind which were the quarters for the khan and his wives. Across the courtyard were the  concubines' apartments.  The facades and walls around the courtyards were decorated with traditional blue, ultramarine and white colours majolica made by Abdullah.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC011.jpg
  • A low angle view of the Qutligh Murad Inaq madrasah, 1804-1812, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6 2010. The sunrise throws strong shadows across the tiered arches of the facade whose shapes echo that of the central Gate. Minarets stand at the corners of the building.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC009.jpg
  • Low angle view of Juma Mosque Minaret, 10th to 13th century, the oldest minaret in Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 5, 2010, in the late afternoon light. Its tapering brick trunk is decorated with seven narrow belts of small turquoise bricks and it is topped with a stalactite belt with a small blue dome.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC006.jpg
  • General view of Ata-Davarza, built in 1842, demolished in 1920 and rebuilt in 1975, main gate of Ichan-Kala, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 5, 2010 in the summer late afternoon light. In the background stands the blue-tiled Kalta Minar, 1855, also called Guyok Minar with the Muhammad Aminkhan Madrasah on its right.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC005.jpg
  • Man cycling past the corner of Muhammad Amin Inaq Madrasah, 1785, in Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 5, 2010 in the summer morning light.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC003.jpg
  • Panoramic view from behind of the Sher-Dor Madrasah, 1619-36, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 16, 2010, at sunrise. To the right is the Chorsu, dome-arched construction, 15th-18th century, the old shopping centre of the city. Samarkand, a city on the Silk Road, founded as Afrosiab in the 7th century BC, is a meeting point for the world's cultures. Its most important development was in the Timurid period, 14th to 15th centuries.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC044.jpg
  • Panoramic view of the Registan Square, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 16, 2010 at twilight. Floodlighting picks out the elaborately tiled arches and the jewel like blue dome of the fabulous buildings in the complex.  Samarkand, a city on the Silk Road, founded as Afrosiab in the 7th century BC, is a meeting point for the world's cultures. Its most important development was in the Timurid period, 14th to 15th centuries.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC043.jpg
  • Aerial view of the Ark citadel, 5th century, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 9, 2010, in the late afternoon summer light. Bukhara, a city on the Silk Route is about 2500 years old. Its long history is displayed both through the impressive monuments and the overall town planning and architecture.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC042.jpg
  • View from the front of the Mir-i-Arab Madrasah, 16th century, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, seen on July 9, 2010, in the afternoon light which picks out the tiled arches and cupolas against the summer sky. Bukhara, a city on the Silk Route is about 2500 years old. Its long history is displayed both through the impressive monuments and the overall town planning and architecture.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC040.jpg
  • Detail of the Tilla-Kari (Gold-covered) madrasah, 17th century, on the Registan square, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, showing small cylindrical corner towers crowned by cupolas and the huge monochrome blue dome, on July 16, 2010 at dusk. Samarkand, a city on the Silk Road, founded as Afrosiab in the 7th century BC, is a meeting point for the world's cultures. Its most important development was in the Timurid period, 14th to 15th centuries.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC038.jpg
  • Detail of minaret and cupola in the courtyard of the Gur-Emir Mausoleum, 1404, Samarkand, Uzbekistan. pictured at sunrise on July 15, 2010. Both are decorated with elaborately patterned tilework. Samarkand, a city on the Silk Road, founded as Afrosiab in the 7th century BC, is a meeting point for the world's cultures. Its most important development was in the Timurid period, 14th to 15th centuries.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC034.jpg
  • Detail of gilded decoration, in geometric pattern, on the cupola ceiling, in the Gur-Emir Mausoleum, 1404, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 14, 2010.  Samarkand, a city on the Silk Road, founded as Afrosiab in the 7th century BC, is a meeting point for the world's cultures. Its most important development was in the Timurid period, 14th to 15th centuries.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC033.jpg
  • Low angle view of the Gur-Emir Mausoleum, 1404, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, seen at twilight, on July 14, 2010. Floodlighting enhances the decorative tiled archways and loggias of the domed building, whose blue colour scheme compliments the evening sky. Samarkand, a city on the Silk Road, founded as Afrosiab in the 7th century BC, is a meeting point for the world's cultures. Its most important development was in the Timurid period, 14th to 15th centuries.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC032.jpg
  • Chashma-Ayub Mausoleum, 12th to 16th century, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, seen at sunrise  on July 13, 2010. Bukhara, a city on the Silk Route is about 2500 years old. Its long history is displayed both through the impressive monuments and the overall town planning and architecture.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC031.jpg
  • Detail of a woman sitting on a bench in the courtyard of the Memorial of Baha Ad-Din Naqshband, died 1389, patron of Bukhara, seen through the richly decorated archway to the tomb, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, on July 12, 2010, in the afternoon. The construction of the whole complex took over five centuries. Bukhara, a city on the Silk Route is about 2500 years old. Its long history is displayed both through the impressive monuments and the overall town planning and architecture.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC030.jpg
  • Low angle view of the entrance to the Ark citadel, 5th century, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 11, 2010, at sunset. Situtaed on an artificial hill of 9,2 hectares, it was the internal fortress of Bukhara and according to legend dates as far back as the early 1st century AD. Bukhara, a city on the Silk Route is about 2500 years old. Its long history is displayed both through the impressive monuments and the overall town planning and architecture.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC029.jpg
  • Ark citadel, 5th century, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 11, 2010, at sunset. Situtaed on an artificial hill of 9,2 hectares, it was the internal fortress of Bukhara and according to legend dates as far back as the early 1st century AD. Bukhara, a city on the Silk Route is about 2500 years old. Its long history is displayed both through the impressive monuments and the overall town planning and architecture.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC028.jpg
  • Low angle view of the Necropolis of the Memorial complex of Chor-Bakr, 16th century, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 10, 2010, reflected in a pool by the late afternoon light.  Bukhara, a city on the Silk Route is about 2500 years old. Its long history is displayed both through the impressive monuments and the overall town planning and architecture.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC026.jpg
  • View from the front of the portico of the Bolo-Hauz Mosque, 1712, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, seen at sunrise, July 10, 2010. The Mosque is named after Bala Lake, an octagonal pool in the forecourt. It was built for Bibi Khanum, the mother of Abu'l Fayud Khan, 1711-47, Ashtarkhanid ruler of the city. Bukhara, a city on the Silk Route is about 2500 years old. Its long history is displayed both through the impressive monuments and the overall town planning and architecture.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC023.jpg
  • View from the side of a woman with a large pink umbrella walking towards the Allah Kuli Khan Madrasah, 1834-35, Khiva, Uzbekistan, seen in the summer afternoon light on July 7, 2010. The shadowy walkway contrasts strongly with the sunlit tiered arches of the facade in the background. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC016.jpg
  • View from the front of the Tash Khauli Palace courtyard, 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured in the summer afternoon light on July 7, 2010. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. The harem, occupying about half of the palace has 5 aiwan terraces, with delicately carved wooden pillars,  behind which were the quarters for the khan and his wives. Across the courtyard were the  concubines' apartments.  The facades and walls around the courtyards were decorated with traditional blue, ultramarine and white colours majolica made by Abdullah.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC015.jpg
  • View from the side of the towers of the Ata-Davarza, main gate of Ichan-Kala, Khiva, Uzbekistan, seen at twilight, on July 6 2010. It was built in 1842, demolished in 1920 and rebuilt in 1975.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC014.jpg
  • A detail of the Matniyaz Divanbegi madrasah (left), 1871, and Kalta minar (right), 1855, Khiva, Uzbekistan, seen at sunrise on July 6 2010. Their  impressive glazed tile decorations dominate the picture.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC010.jpg
  • General view of the Kukhana Ark Fortress, with the Kalta Minar in the background and Matniyaz Divanbegi Madrasah in the distance, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6 2010 at sunrise.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC008.jpg
  • General view of Bir Gumbazli mosque (right), Matniyaz Divanbegi Madrasah (left), Kalta Minar in the background and Ata-Davarza in the distance, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010 at dawn.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC007.jpg
  • Brother and sisters hand-in-hand in the middle of a square of the old city, Khiva, Uzbekistan, seen from above, lit by the summer late afternoon light on July 5, 2010. The elder sister proudly watches the photographer.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC004.jpg
  • General view of Pahlavan Mahmud Mausoleum, 14th-16th century, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured at sunset on July 5, 2010. Visible are its blue tile-covered dome which commands Khiva's skyline and on the right the Islam Hodja minaret, 1910. Commissioned by the reforming Grand Visier, Islam Khodja, the minaret is 44.8 metres high, tapering towards the top, its ochre brick alternating with bands of decorative blue and white tiles. It is the final architectural achievement of the Khanates.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC041.jpg
  • Low angle view of the Bibi-Khanym Mosque (Juma mosque), Registan square, early 15th century, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, seen at sunrise on July 16, 2010, showing the huge entrance gateway. Named after the wife of Amir Timur, 14th century ruler, the mosque was constructed following his 1399 Indian campaign. It collapsed after an earthquake in 1897 and was restored in the late 20th century. Samarkand, a city on the Silk Road, founded as Afrosiab in the 7th century BC, is a meeting point for the world's cultures. Its most important development was in the Timurid period, 14th to 15th centuries.
    LC_Uzbekistan_0710_MC037.jpg
  • Detail of pillar base, Harem, of Tash Khauli Palace, 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 7, 2010, in the afternoon. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. The harem, occupying about half of the palace has 5 aiwan terraces, with delicately carved wooden pillars,  behind which were the quarters for the khan and his wives. Across the courtyard were the  concubines' apartments.  The facades and walls around the courtyards were decorated with traditional blue, ultramarine and white colours majolica made by Abdullah. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC224.jpg
  • Detail of mosaic tiling, in a room in the Harem of Tash Khauli Palace, 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, in the morning. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. The harem, occupying about half of the palace has 5 aiwan terraces, with delicately carved wooden pillars,  behind which were the quarters for the khan and his wives. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC182.jpg
  • Mir-i-Arab Madrasah, 16th century, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, pictured on July , 2010 in the afternoon. Mir-i-Arab Madrasah, 1535, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 8, 2010 in the afternoon light. The Mir-i Arab Madrasah, which stands opposite the Kalyan Mosque was built by the Shaybany Ubaydallah Khan, and is still a functioning madrasah. It has a traditional four courtyard plan with student cells behind the double-height courtyard arcades. Bukhara, a city on the Silk Route is about 2500 years old. Its long history is displayed both through the impressive monuments and the overall town planning and architecture. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC257.jpg
  • View from below of tiles on the ceiling of the aiwan of the Arzkhona, or courtroom, Tash Khauli Palace, 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 7, 2010, in the afternoon. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. The harem, occupying about half of the palace has 5 aiwan terraces, with delicately carved wooden pillars,  behind which were the quarters for the khan and his wives. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC237.jpg
  • Detail of tiles on the wall of the Arzkhona, or courtroom, Tash Khauli Palace, 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 7, 2010, in the afternoon. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC236.jpg
  • Detail of tiles on the wall of the Mikhmankhana, official reception hall, Tash Khauli Palace, 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 7, 2010, in the afternoon. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC234.jpg
  • General view of the Mikhmankhana, official reception hall, Tash Khauli Palace, 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 7, 2010, in the afternoon. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC233.JPG
  • General view of Mikhmankhana, official reception area, Tash Khauli Palace, 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 7, 2010, in the afternoon. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC230.jpg
  • Detail of wall decoration in the courtyard of the Harem,  Tash Khauli Palace, 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 7, 2010, in the afternoon. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. The harem, occupying about half of the palace has 5 aiwan terraces, with delicately carved wooden pillars,  behind which were the quarters for the khan and his wives. Across the courtyard were the  concubines' apartments.  The facades and walls around the courtyards were decorated with traditional blue, ultramarine and white colours majolica made by Abdullah. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC226.jpg
  • Detail of mosaic tiling, in a room in the Harem of Tash Khauli Palace, 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, in the morning. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. The harem, occupying about half of the palace has 5 aiwan terraces, with delicately carved wooden pillars,  behind which were the quarters for the khan and his wives. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC184.jpg
  • Detail of mosaic tiling, in a room in the Harem of Tash Khauli Palace, 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, in the morning. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. The harem, occupying about half of the palace has 5 aiwan terraces, with delicately carved wooden pillars,  behind which were the quarters for the khan and his wives. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC183.JPG
  • Detail of ceiling, 1st floor of Harem, Tash Khauli Palace, 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, in the morning. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. The harem, occupying about half of the palace has 5 aiwan terraces, with delicately carved wooden pillars,  behind which were the quarters for the khan and his wives. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC181.jpg
  • View from the front of an aiwan terrace in the Harem, Tash Khauli Palace, 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, in the morning. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. The harem, occupying about half of the palace has 5 aiwan terraces, with delicately carved wooden pillars,  behind which were the quarters for the khan and his wives. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC180.jpg
  • View from below of ceiling of an aiwan terrace in the Harem, Tash Khauli Palace, 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, in the morning. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. The harem, occupying about half of the palace has 5 aiwan terraces, behind which were the quarters for the khan and his wives. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC179.jpg
  • Detail of mosaic tiling, in a room in the Harem of Tash Khauli Palace, 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, in the morning. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. The harem, occupying about half of the palace has 5 aiwan terraces, with delicately carved wooden pillars,  behind which were the quarters for the khan and his wives. Across the courtyard were the  concubines' apartments.  The facades and walls around the courtyards were decorated with traditional blue, ultramarine and white colours majolica made by Abdullah. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC176.jpg
  • Detail of doorway, Harem, Tash Khauli Palace, 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, in the morning. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. The harem, occupying about half of the palace has 5 aiwan terraces, with delicately carved wooden pillars,  behind which were the quarters for the khan and his wives. Across the courtyard were the  concubines' apartments.  The facades and walls around the courtyards were decorated with traditional blue, ultramarine and white colours majolica made by Abdullah. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC175.jpg
  • General view of Harem courtyard, Tash Khauli Palace, 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, in the morning. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. The harem, occupying about half of the palace has 5 aiwan terraces. Across the courtyard were the  concubines' apartments.  The facades and walls around the courtyards were decorated with traditional blue, ultramarine and white colours majolica made by Abdullah. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC174.jpg
  • Detail of tiles on the wall of the courtyard of the Mikhmankhana, official reception hall, Tash Khauli Palace, 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 7, 2010, in the afternoon. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC235.jpg
  • Detail of tiles on the wall of the Mikhmankhana, official reception hall, Tash Khauli Palace, 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 7, 2010, in the afternoon. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC232.jpg
  • General view of Mikhmankhana, official reception area, Tash Khauli Palace, 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 7, 2010, in the afternoon. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC231.jpg
  • Detail of pillar base, Harem aiwan, Tash Khauli Palace , 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 7, 2010, in the afternoon. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. The harem, occupying about half of the palace has 5 aiwan terraces, with delicately carved wooden pillars,  behind which were the quarters for the khan and his wives. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC229.jpg
  • View from the front of Harem aiwan, Tash Khauli Palace , 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 7, 2010, in the afternoon. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. The harem, occupying about half of the palace has 5 aiwan terraces, with delicately carved wooden pillars,  behind which were the quarters for the khan and his wives. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC228.jpg
  • Detail of wall decoration in the courtyard of the Harem,  Tash Khauli Palace, 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 7, 2010, in the afternoon. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. The harem, occupying about half of the palace has 5 aiwan terraces, with delicately carved wooden pillars,  behind which were the quarters for the khan and his wives. Across the courtyard were the  concubines' apartments.  The facades and walls around the courtyards were decorated with traditional blue, ultramarine and white colours majolica made by Abdullah. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC225.jpg
  • Low angle view of a room with mosaic tiling walls in the Harem, Tash Khauli Palace, 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, in the morning. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. The harem, occupying about half of the palace has 5 aiwan terraces, with delicately carved wooden pillars,  behind which were the quarters for the khan and his wives. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC178.jpg
  • View from below of column in an aiwan terrace in the Harem, Tash Khauli Palace, 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, in the morning. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. The harem, occupying about half of the palace has 5 aiwan terraces, with delicately carved wooden pillars,  behind which were the quarters for the khan and his wives. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC177.jpg
  • View from the Kalyan mosque of the front facade of the Mir-i-Arab Madrasah, 16th century, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, in the afternoon light Bukhara, Uzbekistan, pictured on July , 2010 in the afternoon. Mir-i-Arab Madrasah, 1535, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 8, 2010 in the afternoon light. The Mir-i Arab Madrasah, which stands opposite the Kalyan Mosque was built by the Shaybany Ubaydallah Khan, and is still a functioning madrasah. It has a traditional four courtyard plan with student cells behind the double-height courtyard arcades. Bukhara, a city on the Silk Route is about 2500 years old. Its long history is displayed both through the impressive monuments and the overall town planning and architecture. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC255.jpg
  • General view of rectangular courtyard, Harem, Tash Khauli Palace, 1830-38, Khiva, Uzbekistan, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 7, 2010, in the afternoon. Commissioned by Allah Kuli Khan the Tash Kauli palace is a huge complex containing 163 rooms which took its architects, Tajiddin and Kalandar, 10 years to build. The harem, occupying about half of the palace has 5 aiwan terraces, with delicately carved wooden pillars,  behind which were the quarters for the khan and his wives. Across the courtyard were the  concubines' apartments.  The facades and walls around the courtyards were decorated with traditional blue, ultramarine and white colours majolica made by Abdullah. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC227.jpg
  • Detail of majolica tiling, winter mosque, Kukhna Ark, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, in the afternoon. The Kukhna Ark is the original home of the Khans. Although its foundations are 5th century, most of the complex is 19th century. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC189.jpg
  • Low angle view of Kalta Minor, 1855, and detail of the Matniyaz Divan-begi Madrasah (left), 1871, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, at dawn. The Kalta Minor or Short Minaret was commissioned by Mohammed Amin Khan in 1852 to stand 70 m. high, but was abandoned when he died in 1855, and remains only 26 m. high. Commissioned by Muhammad Niyaz the rectangular, Madrasah has a traditional main facade, its high portal, decorated with majolica, having a central pentahedral niche and corner guldastas which are geometrically patterned in blue, white and green, with green brick domes. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC164.jpg
  • Low angle view of a young girl passing through the Ota Darvoza gate, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 7, 2010, in the late afternoon light of a summer day with the Muhammad Aminkhan Madrasah and Kalta Minor in the background. Khiva's old city, Ichan Kala, is surrounded by 2.2 kilometres of crenellated and bastioned city walls. Some sections may be 5th century, but the strongest sections were built 1686-88 by Arang Khan. The main gate today is the restored western Ota Darvoza (Father Gate). The Kalta Minor or Short Minaret was commissioned by Mohammed Amin Khan in 1852 to stand 70 m. high, but was abandoned when he died in 1855, and remains only 26 m. high. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC242.jpg
  • Portrait of a young boy in front of the  the Ota Darvoza gate, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 7, 2010, in the late afternoon light of a summer day. Khiva's old city, Ichan Kala, is surrounded by 2.2 kilometres of crenellated and bastioned city walls. Some sections may be 5th century, but the strongest sections were built 1686-88 by Arang Khan. The main gate today is the restored western Ota Darvoza (Father Gate). Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC241.jpg
  • General view of Matniyaz Divan-begi madrasah (right) 1871, Kalta Minor (centre) 1855, and Juma minaret, 10th-13th centuries, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 7, 2010, at sunset. The Kalta Minor or Short Minaret was commissioned by Mohammed Amin Khan in 1852 to stand 70 m. high, but was abandoned when he died in 1855, and remains only 26 m. high. Commissioned by Muhammad Niyaz, the rectangular Matniyaz Divan-begi madrasah has a traditional main facade, its high portal, decorated with majolica, having a central pentahedral niche and corner guldastas which are geometrically patterned in blue, white and green, with green brick domes. The Juma minaret, oldest in Khiva, has a tapering brick trunk decorated with seven narrow belts of small turquoise bricks. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC239.jpg
  • General view of the Allah Kuli Khan Madrasah, 1834-35, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 7, 2010, in the afternoon. The Allah Kuli Khan Madrasah, second largest college in the city, has the highest portal in Khiva. Parts of the city wall and adjoining Khojamberdiby Madrasah were demolished to allow space for the 99 celled building. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC223.jpg
  • Low angle view of columns and majolica tiling, winter mosque, Kukhna Ark, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 7, 2010, in the morning. The Kukhna Ark is the original home of the Khans. Although its foundations are 5th century, most of the complex is 19th century.  Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC222.jpg
  • High angle view from the Islam Hodja minaret of the Pahlavan Mahmud Mausoleum, 14th-16th centuries, and in the distance the Matniyaz Divan-begi Madrasah, 1871, and the Kalta Minor, 1855, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 4, 2010, at sunrise. The mausoleum centres on the shrine of Pahlavan Mahmud, Khiva's  patron saint , and is also the burial complex of the Qungrat Khans. 19th and 20th century remodeling extended the complex whose blue dome dominates Khiva's skyline rising above its brick building and domes of the adjacent graveyard. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC218.jpg
  • Oblique view of entrance to Pahlavan Mahmud Mausoleum, 14th-16th centuries, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 7, 2010, at dawn. The mausoleum centres on the two-cupola shrine of Pahlavan Mahmud, Khiva's  patron saint (said to have been a poet, soldier, furrier, wrestler and healer of diseases), and is also the burial complex of the Qungrat Khans. 19th and 20th century remodeling extended the complex adding tombs, an iwan and summer mosque, Quran reading halls, a Madrasah, and three small chambers, the middle one accommodating a prayer hall entered from the shrine's central hall. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC217.jpg
  • Low angle view of Museum of Applied Arts, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, at sunset with a boy and his bicycle in front. The Museum of Applied Art and Life of Khorezm is a Madrasah, Kazi and Kalyan housing mainly 18th-19th century and some 20th century works by folk artists including jewellery, carpet weaving, pottery, wood and stone carving and copper coinage. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC216.jpg
  • Low angle view of Museum of Applied Arts, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, at sunset. The Museum of Applied Art and Life of Khorezm is a Madrasah, Kazi and Kalyan housing mainly 18th-19th century and some 20th century works by folk artists including jewellery, carpet weaving, pottery, wood and stone carving and copper coinage. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC215.jpg
  • General view of Matniyaz Divan-begi madrasah (right) 1871, Kalta Minor (right) 1855, and Ota Darvoza (Father Gate) (left), with the quayside in the right foreground and the Muhammad Rakhim-khan II Madrasah 1871, in the left background, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, in the afternoon. Khiva's old city, Ichan Kala, is surrounded by 2.2 kilometres of crenellated and bastioned city walls. The main gate today is the restored western Ota Darvoza (Father Gate). The Kalta Minor or Short Minaret was commissioned by Mohammed Amin Khan in 1852 to stand 70 m. high, but was abandoned when he died in 1855, and remains only 26 m. high. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC213.jpg
  • Detail of ceramics on the main wall, Kurinish Khana or Throne Room, 1804-06, Kukhna Ark, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, in the afternoon. The Kukhna Ark is the original home of the Khans. Although its foundations are 5th century, most of the complex is 19th century. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC206.jpg
  • Detail of ceramics on the ceiling, Kurinish Khana or Throne Room, 1804-06, Kukhna Ark, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, in the afternoon. The Kukhna Ark is the original home of the Khans. Although its foundations are 5th century, most of the complex is 19th century. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC204.jpg
  • Detail of ceramics on the main wall, Kurinish Khana or Throne Room, 1804-06, Kukhna Ark, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, in the afternoon. The Kukhna Ark is the original home of the Khans. Although its foundations are 5th century, most of the complex is 19th century. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC203.jpg
  • Detail of wall opposite throne, Kurinish Khana or Throne Room, 1804-06, Kukhna Ark, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, in the afternoon. The Kukhna Ark is the original home of the Khans. Although its foundations are 5th century, most of the complex is 19th century. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC201.jpg
  • View from the front of throne in niche, Kurinish Khana or Throne Room, 1804-06, Kukhna Ark, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, in the afternoon. The Kukhna Ark is the original home of the Khans. Although its foundations are 5th century, most of the complex is 19th century. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC199.jpg
  • Low angle view of columns and majolica tiling, winter mosque, Kukhna Ark, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, in the afternoon. The Kukhna Ark is the original home of the Khans. Although its foundations are 5th century, most of the complex is 19th century. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC197.jpg
  • Low angle view of columns and majolica tiling, winter mosque, Kukhna Ark, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, in the afternoon. The Kukhna Ark is the original home of the Khans. Although its foundations are 5th century, most of the complex is 19th century.  Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC196.jpg
  • Detail of majolica tiling, winter mosque, Kukhna Ark, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, in the afternoon. The Kukhna Ark is the original home of the Khans. Although its foundations are 5th century, most of the complex is 19th century. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC191.jpg
  • Detail of majolica tiling, winter mosque, Kukhna Ark, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, in the afternoon. The Kukhna Ark is the original home of the Khans. Although its foundations are 5th century, most of the complex is 19th century. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC190.jpg
  • Detail of columns and majolica tiling, winter mosque, Kukhna Ark, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, in the afternoon. The Kukhna Ark is the original home of the Khans. Although its foundations are 5th century, most of the complex is 19th century. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC186.jpg
  • Detail of pillar base, of Prayer Hall, Juma Mosque, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, in the morning. The Juma Mosque, Khiva's main Friday Mosque is, unusally, a single storey building, whose 18th century architects tried to preserve the characteristics of its 10th century predecessor. The 45x55 metre prayer hall contains 212 10th-18th century pillars of varying form and decoration. Some are from the ancient mosque on the same site, others are battle trophies. They are remarkable not only for their fine carving and decoration but also for the  design of the lower sections in the form of a vase with flowering shoots. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC171.jpg
  • Detail of pillar base, of Prayer Hall, Juma Mosque, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, in the morning. The Juma Mosque, Khiva's main Friday Mosque is, unusally, a single storey building, whose 18th century architects tried to preserve the characteristics of its 10th century predecessor. The 45x55 metre prayer hall contains 212 10th-18th century pillars of varying form and decoration. Some are from the ancient mosque on the same site, others are battle trophies. They are remarkable not only for their fine carving and decoration but also for the  design of the lower sections in the form of a vase with flowering shoots. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC170.jpg
  • General view of Prayer Hall, Juma Mosque, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, in the morning. The Juma Mosque, Khiva's main Friday Mosque is, unusally, a single storey building, whose 18th century architects tried to preserve the characteristics of its 10th century predecessor. The 45x55 metre prayer hall contains 212 10th-18th century pillars of varying form and decoration. Some are from the ancient mosque on the same site, others are battle trophies. They are remarkable not only for their fine carving and decoration but also for the  design of the lower sections in the form of a vase with flowering shoots. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC167.jpg
  • View from the front of the entrance to the Kukhna Ark or fortress, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 6, 2010, at dawn. The Kukhna Ark is the original home of the Khans. Although its foundations are 5th century, most of the complex is 19th century. Buildings include the Summer Mosque, 1838, whose beautiful blue and white tiles were made by Ibadullah and Abdullah Jin, the old mint now housing a coin museum, and the Kurinish Khana (throne room), 1804-06, with its arcade or iwan, where audiences were held in the open air in summer and enclosed by a yurt in winter. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC163.jpg
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