manuel cohen

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  • Relief representing Jacques Coeur's departure into exile, on the base of the marble statue of Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, by Auguste Preault, 1809-79, 1874, inaugurated 1879, outside the Palais Jacques Coeur, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. He had his huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style although he never lived there. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0230.jpg
  • Relief on the tympanum of the postern or pedestrian entrance, restored by Caudron in the 19th century, with St Michael the archangel holding a phylactery and a vase of fleur de lys, symbol of purity, on the main facade of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The 3 fleur de lys flowers are in 3 stages of maturity, showing the cycle of life. Both the vase and fate flowers are hexagonal, like the Seal of Solomon. St Michael stands on the coat of arms of Jacques Coeur, with 3 hearts and 3 shells (coquilles Saint-Jacques). St Michael is a reference to 'Notre Dame Saint-Michel', the first galley chartered by Jacques Coeur. The angel hovering represents interactions between earth and air. The fruit trees may also link to red and white sulphur. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. Fulcanelli stated that Jacques Coeur was an alchemist and it is believed that some of these symbols refer to alchemy. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0218.jpg
  • Relief on the tympanum of the postern or pedestrian entrance, restored by Caudron in the 19th century, with St Michael the archangel holding a phylactery and a vase of fleur de lys, symbol of purity, on the main facade of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The 3 fleur de lys flowers are in 3 stages of maturity, showing the cycle of life. Both the vase and fate flowers are hexagonal, like the Seal of Solomon. St Michael stands on the coat of arms of Jacques Coeur, with 3 hearts and 3 shells (coquilles Saint-Jacques). St Michael is a reference to 'Notre Dame Saint-Michel', the first galley chartered by Jacques Coeur. The angel hovering represents interactions between earth and air. The fruit trees may also link to red and white sulphur. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. Fulcanelli stated that Jacques Coeur was an alchemist and it is believed that some of these symbols refer to alchemy. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0229.jpg
  • Marble statue of Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, by Auguste Preault, 1809-79, 1874, inaugurated 1879, outside the Palais Jacques Coeur, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. He had his huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style although he never lived there. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0228.JPG
  • Marble statue of Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, by Auguste Preault, 1809-79, 1874, inaugurated 1879, outside the Palais Jacques Coeur, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. He had his huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style although he never lived there. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0227.jpg
  • Relief of a woman at a window, believed to be Macee de Leodepart, wife of Jacques Coeur and daughter of the provost of Bourges, on the main facade of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Below the false window is a heart (not seen here), which, paired with the shell symbol (a coquille Saint-Jacques) beneath the other false window, represents the name Jacques Coeur. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0209.jpg
  • Relief of a mass, on a tympanum over a door to the staircase leading to the chapel, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur personally instructed that the function of the room should be described in the tympanum of its door. Fulcanelli stated that Jacques Coeur was an alchemist and it is believed that some of these symbols refer to alchemy, for example the altar (or furnace) on the right with the cross, heart and shell could also represent sulphur, mercury and the crucible. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0237.jpg
  • Relief of bellringing, on a tympanum over a door to the staircase leading to the chapel, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur personally instructed that the function of the room should be described in the tympanum of its door. Fulcanelli stated that Jacques Coeur was an alchemist and it is believed that some of these symbols refer to alchemy, for example the closed book symbolising virgin matter and the ill figure on the left seeking a universal remedy. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0234.jpg
  • Relief of a woman at a window, believed to be Macee de Leodepart, wife of Jacques Coeur and daughter of the provost of Bourges, on the main facade of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Below the false window is a heart, which, paired with the shell symbol (a coquille Saint-Jacques) beneath the other false window, represents the name Jacques Coeur. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0208.jpg
  • High relief of a French 15th century galley, from the Chambre des Galees, or Room of the Galleys, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. This was the private bedroom of Jacques Coeur, within his private apartment, with decoration based on his fleet, originally furnished with a large bed, small bed, large wooden chest, sideboard, trestle table, bench and a tapestry of galleys bearing his motto. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. Fulcanelli stated that Jacques Coeur was an alchemist and it is believed that the ships in this room may also be hermetic symbols, representing the ego and death. It may also refer to the Argonauts. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0309.jpg
  • Staircase leading to the chapel on the first floor, and 3 carved tympanums including the central one with relief of a mass, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur personally instructed that the function of the room should be described in the tympanum of its door. Fulcanelli stated that Jacques Coeur was an alchemist and it is believed that some of these symbols refer to alchemy, for example the altar (or furnace) on the right with the cross, heart and shell could also represent sulphur, mercury and the crucible. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0307.jpg
  • Detail of relief of servants working in a kitchen, with cauldron over the fire and people grinding with a pestle and mortar and wiping dishes, on the tympanum over the door leading to the kitchens, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur personally instructed that the function of the room should be described in the tympanum of its door. Fulcanelli stated that Jacques Coeur was an alchemist and it is believed that this may also be a scene of alchemy. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0232.jpg
  • Relief of a winged celestial nymph, queen of the heavens, on the lintel of the monumental fireplace, 15th century, in the Cabinet des Echelons or Councillor’s Chamber, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The relief is seen here from the Salle du Tresor on the floor above. Fulcanelli stated that Jacques Coeur was an alchemist and it is believed that some of these symbols refer to alchemy, including some of those which have been removed from this relief - hearts (Coeur) and shell (coquille Saint-Jacques) with crosses, a section of phylactery with an inscription and plants. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0254.jpg
  • Relief of a 3 women led by a servant boy, on a tympanum over a door to the staircase leading to the chapel, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur personally instructed that the function of the room should be described in the tympanum of its door. Fulcanelli stated that Jacques Coeur was an alchemist and it is believed that some of these symbols are hermetic, for example stressing the fact that women were excluded from most work but not philosophical thought. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0236.jpg
  • Relief of servants working in a kitchen, with cauldron over the fire and people grinding with a pestle and mortar and wiping dishes, on the tympanum over the door leading to the kitchens, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur personally instructed that the function of the room should be described in the tympanum of its door. Fulcanelli stated that Jacques Coeur was an alchemist and it is believed that this may also be a scene of alchemy. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0231.jpg
  • Detail of the high relief of a French 15th century galleon, from the Chambre des Galees, or Room of the Galleys, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. This was the private bedroom of Jacques Coeur, within his private apartment, with decoration based on his fleet, originally furnished with a large bed, small bed, large wooden chest, sideboard, trestle table, bench and a tapestry of galleys bearing his motto. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. Fulcanelli stated that Jacques Coeur was an alchemist and it is believed that the ships in this room may also be hermetic symbols, representing the ego and death. It may also refer to the Argonauts. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0293.JPG
  • Decorative detail of shells (coquilles Saint-Jacques) and hearts (coeurs) representing the name Jacques Coeur, on the balustrade of the musicians' lodge in the Salle des Festins or Hall of Feasts, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The Salle des Festins was used for receptions. It has a monumental fireplace, a high lodge for musicians and a hatch enabling dishes to be brought quickly to the table. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0279.jpg
  • Sculptural detail of a figure holding the coat of arms of Jacques Coeur, with shells (coquilles Saint-Jacques) and hearts (coeurs), in the Salle du Tresor or treasury room, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. This small room has an iron door and was used for keeping the most precious objects in the household safe. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0253.jpg
  • Stained glass window of a galley or cog, the only 1 remaining of 6 original panels, 1444, from the Chambre des Galees, or Room of the Galleys, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. This was the private bedroom of Jacques Coeur, within his private apartment, with decoration based on his fleet, originally furnished with a large bed, small bed, large wooden chest, sideboard, trestle table, bench and a tapestry of galleys bearing his motto. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. Fulcanelli stated that Jacques Coeur was an alchemist and it is believed that the ships in this room may also be hermetic symbols, representing the ego and death. It may also refer to the Argonauts. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0310.jpg
  • 2 ladies watching the siege from a window, on the monumental fireplace called 'Les Jeux de la Guerre' or 'War games', with foliage and animals on the bottom of the lintel, crenelated battlements with figures defending a fortress or perhaps burghers defending a town above and 2 windows with fine ladies watching the spectacle of the siege, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. On the banisters are carved symbols of shells (coquilles Saint-Jacques) and hearts (coeurs), representing the name Jacques Coeur. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0274.jpg
  • An archer on the battlements, on the monumental fireplace called 'Les Jeux de la Guerre' or 'War games', with foliage and animals on the bottom of the lintel, crenelated battlements with figures defending a fortress or perhaps burghers defending a town above and 2 windows with fine ladies watching the spectacle of the siege, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. On the banister above are carved symbols of shells (coquilles Saint-Jacques) and hearts (coeurs), representing the name Jacques Coeur. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0272.jpg
  • Relief of a mass, on a tympanum over a door to the staircase leading to the chapel, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur personally instructed that the function of the room should be described in the tympanum of its door. Fulcanelli stated that Jacques Coeur was an alchemist and it is believed that some of these symbols refer to alchemy, for example the altar (or furnace) on the right with the cross, heart and shell could also represent sulphur, mercury and the crucible. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0235.jpg
  • Detail of oarsmen from the high relief of a French 15th century galley, from the Chambre des Galees, or Room of the Galleys, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. This was the private bedroom of Jacques Coeur, within his private apartment, with decoration based on his fleet, originally furnished with a large bed, small bed, large wooden chest, sideboard, trestle table, bench and a tapestry of galleys bearing his motto. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. Fulcanelli stated that Jacques Coeur was an alchemist and it is believed that the ships in this room may also be hermetic symbols, representing the ego and death. It may also refer to the Argonauts. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0294.jpg
  • Sculptural detail of a figure holding the coat of arms of Jacques Coeur, with shells (coquilles Saint-Jacques) and hearts (coeurs), in the Salle du Tresor or treasury room, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. This small room has an iron door and was used for keeping the most precious objects in the household safe. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0290.jpg
  • Angels holding phylacteries on a starry sky, painted on the ceiling of the chapel, c. 1450, by an unknown artist, possibly Jacob de Littemont and Henri Mullein who worked for the Coeur family, uncovered in the 19th century and restored by Alexandre Denuelle in 1869, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The angels hold phylacteries with verses of the mysteries of the Virgin Mary. Fulcanelli stated that Jacques Coeur was an alchemist and the Virgin is a traditional hermetic symbol. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0298.jpg
  • Angels holding phylacteries on a starry sky, painted on the ceiling of the chapel, c. 1450, by an unknown artist, possibly Jacob de Littemont and Henri Mullein who worked for the Coeur family, uncovered in the 19th century and restored by Alexandre Denuelle in 1869, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The angels hold phylacteries with verses of the mysteries of the Virgin Mary. Fulcanelli stated that Jacques Coeur was an alchemist and the Virgin is a traditional hermetic symbol. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0297.jpg
  • Decorative gilded bosse in the form of an angel, and angels holding phylacteries on a starry sky, painted on the ceiling of the chapel, c. 1450, with cross vaults, by an unknown artist, possibly Jacob de Littemont and Henri Mullein who worked for the Coeur family, uncovered in the 19th century and restored by Alexandre Denuelle in 1869, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The angels hold phylacteries with verses of the mysteries of the Virgin Mary. Fulcanelli stated that Jacques Coeur was an alchemist and the Virgin is a traditional hermetic symbol. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0256.jpg
  • Detail of human figure as column support, holding a shell (a coquille Saint-Jacques), symbol of the name Jacques Coeur, from the monumental fireplace, destroyed in 1820 and reassembled in the 1930s, in the Salle des Festins or Hall of Feasts, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0244.jpg
  • Sculpted detail of an angel holding a coat of arms with 3 crescent moons, in the chapel of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Fulcanelli stated that Jacques Coeur was an alchemist and the moon in its various phases is a common hermetic symbol. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0296.jpg
  • Lamp base sculpted in the form of a figure holding bellows, from the furnace room of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Fulcanelli stated that Jacques Coeur was an alchemist and it is believed that this figure may also be interpreted as a hermetic symbol, bellows being a traditional tool of alchemy. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0247.jpg
  • Angels holding phylacteries on a starry sky, painted on the ceiling of the chapel, c. 1450, with cross vaults and decorative bosses, by an unknown artist, possibly Jacob de Littemont and Henri Mullein who worked for the Coeur family, uncovered in the 19th century and restored by Alexandre Denuelle in 1869, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The angels hold phylacteries with verses of the mysteries of the Virgin Mary. Fulcanelli stated that Jacques Coeur was an alchemist and the Virgin is a traditional hermetic symbol. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0277.jpg
  • Couple playing chess, from the monumental fireplace called 'Les Loisirs de la Jeunesse' or 'The Noble Pursuit', with low arched lintel and mantel with false ogee bays with false mullion windows with a couple of burghers or aristocrats and a frieze above, with pinacles and finials of the ogees, in the West Gallery of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The frieze depicts a village festivity, a peasant tournament using donkeys, staves and wicker shields. One of the couples is thought to represent Jacques Coeur and Agnes Sorel, picking fruit from a basket while watching the tournament. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0262.jpg
  • Monumental fireplace called 'Les Loisirs de la Jeunesse' or 'The Noble Pursuit', with low arched lintel and mantel with false ogee bays with false mullion windows with a couple of burghers or aristocrats and a frieze above, with pinacles and finials of the ogees, in the West Gallery of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The frieze depicts a village festivity, a peasant tournament using donkeys, staves and wicker shields. One of the couples is thought to represent Jacques Coeur and Agnes Sorel, picking fruit from a basket while watching the tournament. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0260.jpg
  • Lamp base sculpted in the form of a figure pouring from a vessel, from the furnace room of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Fulcanelli stated that Jacques Coeur was an alchemist and it is believed that this figure may also be interpreted as a hermetic symbol. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0248.jpg
  • Relief of 2 winged deer, a doe and a buck, above the door to the Salle des Festins or Hall of Feasts, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The animals are symbols of royalty, but also hermetic symbols - Fulcanelli stated that Jacques Coeur was an alchemist and it is believed that some of these symbols refer to alchemy. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0245.jpg
  • Couple playing chess, from the monumental fireplace called 'Les Loisirs de la Jeunesse' or 'The Noble Pursuit', with low arched lintel and mantel with false ogee bays with false mullion windows with a couple of burghers or aristocrats and a frieze above, with pinacles and finials of the ogees, in the West Gallery of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The frieze depicts a village festivity, a peasant tournament using donkeys, staves and wicker shields. One of the couples is thought to represent Jacques Coeur and Agnes Sorel, picking fruit from a basket while watching the tournament. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0270.jpg
  • Peasant jouster on a donkey with stick for a lance and wicker shield, from the monumental fireplace called 'Les Loisirs de la Jeunesse' or 'The Noble Pursuit', with low arched lintel and mantel with false ogee bays with false mullion windows with a couple of burghers or aristocrats and a frieze above, with pinacles and finials of the ogees, in the West Gallery of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The frieze depicts a village festivity, a peasant tournament using donkeys, staves and wicker shields. One of the couples is thought to represent Jacques Coeur and Agnes Sorel, picking fruit from a basket while watching the tournament. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0269.jpg
  • Peasants watching the village tournament, from the monumental fireplace called 'Les Loisirs de la Jeunesse' or 'The Noble Pursuit', with low arched lintel and mantel with false ogee bays with false mullion windows with a couple of burghers or aristocrats and a frieze above, with pinacles and finials of the ogees, in the West Gallery of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The frieze depicts a village festivity, a peasant tournament using donkeys, staves and wicker shields. One of the couples is thought to represent Jacques Coeur and Agnes Sorel, picking fruit from a basket while watching the tournament. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0267.jpg
  • Couple with basket of fruit, from the monumental fireplace called 'Les Loisirs de la Jeunesse' or 'The Noble Pursuit', with low arched lintel and mantel with false ogee bays with false mullion windows with a couple of burghers or aristocrats and a frieze above, with pinacles and finials of the ogees, in the West Gallery of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The frieze depicts a village festivity, a peasant tournament using donkeys, staves and wicker shields. One of the couples is thought to represent Jacques Coeur and Agnes Sorel, picking fruit from a basket while watching the tournament. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0264.jpg
  • Peasants jousting on donkeys with sticks for lances and wicker shields, at a village tournament, from the monumental fireplace called 'Les Loisirs de la Jeunesse' or 'The Noble Pursuit', with low arched lintel and mantel with false ogee bays with false mullion windows with a couple of burghers or aristocrats and a frieze above, with pinacles and finials of the ogees, in the West Gallery of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The frieze depicts a village festivity, a peasant tournament using donkeys, staves and wicker shields. One of the couples is thought to represent Jacques Coeur and Agnes Sorel, picking fruit from a basket while watching the tournament. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0265.jpg
  • Main facade of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456,  was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. On the right is the marble statue of Jacques Coeur, by Auguste Preault, 1809-79, 1874, inaugurated 1879. On the facade is the large double door for chariots with postern or pedestrian entrance next to it, which were the original main entrances to the palace. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0207.jpg
  • Main facade of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. On the left is the marble statue of Jacques Coeur, by Auguste Preault, 1809-79, 1874, inaugurated 1879. On the facade is the large double door for chariots with postern or pedestrian entrance next to it, which were the original main entrances to the palace. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0303.jpg
  • Horn blower sounding the horn for the start of the jousting at the village tournament, from the monumental fireplace called 'Les Loisirs de la Jeunesse' or 'The Noble Pursuit', with low arched lintel and mantel with false ogee bays with false mullion windows with a couple of burghers or aristocrats and a frieze above, with pinacles and finials of the ogees, in the West Gallery of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The frieze depicts a village festivity, a peasant tournament using donkeys, staves and wicker shields. One of the couples is thought to represent Jacques Coeur and Agnes Sorel, picking fruit from a basket while watching the tournament. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0266.jpg
  • Couple with basket of fruit, from the monumental fireplace called 'Les Loisirs de la Jeunesse' or 'The Noble Pursuit', with low arched lintel and mantel with false ogee bays with false mullion windows with a couple of burghers or aristocrats and a frieze above, with pinacles and finials of the ogees, in the West Gallery of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The frieze depicts a village festivity, a peasant tournament using donkeys, staves and wicker shields. One of the couples is thought to represent Jacques Coeur and Agnes Sorel, picking fruit from a basket while watching the tournament. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0263.jpg
  • Sculptural detail of a musician playing a lute, from the monumental fireplace called 'Les Loisirs de la Jeunesse' or 'The Noble Pursuit', with low arched lintel and mantel with false ogee bays with false mullion windows with a couple of burghers or aristocrats and a frieze above, with pinacles and finials of the ogees, in the West Gallery of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The frieze depicts a village festivity, a peasant tournament using donkeys, staves and wicker shields. One of the couples is thought to represent Jacques Coeur and Agnes Sorel, picking fruit from a basket while watching the tournament. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0261.jpg
  • Monumental fireplace called 'Les Loisirs de la Jeunesse' or 'The Noble Pursuit', with low arched lintel and mantel with false ogee bays with false mullion windows with a couple of burghers or aristocrats and a frieze above, with pinacles and finials of the ogees, in the West Gallery of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The frieze depicts a village festivity, a peasant tournament using donkeys, staves and wicker shields. One of the couples is thought to represent Jacques Coeur and Agnes Sorel, picking fruit from a basket while watching the tournament. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0259.jpg
  • Cast iron grate in the fireplace in the Lower North Gallery, with symbols resembling alchemy tools, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Fulcanelli stated that Jacques Coeur was an alchemist and hermetic symbols are found throughout the building. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0295.jpg
  • Horn blower sounding the horn for the start of the tournament, from the monumental fireplace called 'Les Loisirs de la Jeunesse' or 'The Noble Pursuit', with low arched lintel and mantel with false ogee bays with false mullion windows with a couple of burghers or aristocrats and a frieze above, with pinacles and finials of the ogees, in the West Gallery of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The frieze depicts a village festivity, a peasant tournament using donkeys, staves and wicker shields. One of the couples is thought to represent Jacques Coeur and Agnes Sorel, picking fruit from a basket while watching the tournament. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0268.jpg
  • Monumental fireplace with detailed sculpted foliage and crenellated turrets, destroyed in 1820 and reassembled in the 1930s, in the Salle des Festins or Hall of Feasts, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The Salle des Festins was used for receptions. It has a monumental fireplace, a high lodge for musicians and a hatch enabling dishes to be brought quickly to the table. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0308.jpg
  • Detail of sculpted monkey eating an apple, with another monkey holding its tail and tied together by ropes held by men, from the monumental fireplace, destroyed in 1820 and reassembled in the 1930s, in the Salle des Festins or Hall of Feasts, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0285.jpg
  • Figures on the battlements with weapons of a spear, an axe and a bow and arrow, on the monumental fireplace called 'Les Jeux de la Guerre' or 'War games', with foliage and animals on the bottom of the lintel, crenelated battlements with figures defending a fortress or perhaps burghers defending a town above and 2 windows with fine ladies watching the spectacle of the siege, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0271.jpg
  • Detail of a wool tapestry of Noah's Ark in the great flood, showing people and animals drowning in the deluge, Flemish, possibly from Audenarde, 17th century, owned by the DRAC Centre, in the Salle d'Apparat or Ceremonial Hall of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0251.jpg
  • Sculptural detail of a figure holding a lamp, in the Salle du Tresor or treasury room, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. This small room has an iron door and was used for keeping the most precious objects in the household safe. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0252.jpg
  • Sculptural detail of a leprechaun playing a zither, at the junction of 2 archivolts, in the Salle des Festins or Hall of Feasts, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0246.jpg
  • Detail of human figure with a dog amongst the carved foliage, from the monumental fireplace, destroyed in 1820 and reassembled in the 1930s, in the Salle des Festins or Hall of Feasts, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0242.jpg
  • Detail of man amongst the foliage cutting a plant with a curved knife, from the monumental fireplace, destroyed in 1820 and reassembled in the 1930s, in the Salle des Festins or Hall of Feasts, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0239.jpg
  • Sculpted lamp base in the form of a woman holding a scroll, beside the chariot entrance on the main facade of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0216.jpg
  • Tympanum in the South gallery over the door to the chapel, with angels appearing to the Virgin Mary and her symbol, the fleur de lys or lily, with God and the holy spirit, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The 3 flowers are in different stages of maturity, symbolising the cycle of life. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0311.jpg
  • 2 ladies watching the siege from a window and an archer in the battlements below, on the monumental fireplace called 'Les Jeux de la Guerre' or 'War games', with foliage and animals on the bottom of the lintel, crenelated battlements with figures defending a fortress or perhaps burghers defending a town above and 2 windows with fine ladies watching the spectacle of the siege, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0302.jpg
  • The little kitchen, used to wash laundry and to heat the floor in the neighbouring steam room using the hearth to the left of the fireplace, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The steam room had a double basin of hot and cold water and a room with water for washing, and a cloakroom, as well as direct staircase access to the  private apartments. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0287.jpg
  • Detail of sculpted monkeys holding each other's tails and tied together by ropes held by men, from the monumental fireplace, destroyed in 1820 and reassembled in the 1930s, in the Salle des Festins or Hall of Feasts, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0286.jpg
  • Detail of sculpted monkeys holding each other's tails and tied together by ropes held by men, from the monumental fireplace, destroyed in 1820 and reassembled in the 1930s, in the Salle des Festins or Hall of Feasts, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0284.jpg
  • Detail of columns, capitals, foliage and crenellated turrets, from the monumental fireplace, destroyed in 1820 and reassembled in the 1930s, in the Salle des Festins or Hall of Feasts, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0281.jpg
  • Upper South Gallery, with 19th century door to the staircase in the centre and 15th century upturned boat wooden roof, the monumental fireplace called 'Les Loisirs de la Jeunesse' or 'The Noble Pursuit' on the left and the 'Les Jeux de la Guerre' or 'War games' fireplace further down, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0276.jpg
  • Figure on the battlements throwing rocks on the enemy, on the monumental fireplace called 'Les Jeux de la Guerre' or 'War games', with foliage and animals on the bottom of the lintel, crenelated battlements with figures defending a fortress or perhaps burghers defending a town above and 2 windows with fine ladies watching the spectacle of the siege, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0273.jpg
  • High relief sculpture of Christ supported by an angel, within a window frame with curtains, and a kneeling donor, early 15th century, originally from the Jacobin Convent in Bourges, in the chapel of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0257.JPG
  • Detail of a high relief sculpture of Christ supported by an angel, within a window frame with curtains, and a kneeling donor, early 15th century, originally from the Jacobin Convent in Bourges, in the chapel of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0258.jpg
  • Sculptural detail of a prophet holding a phylactery in a niche in the chapel of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0255.jpg
  • Plaster copy of the tomb of the Duke of Berry, 1340-1416, brother of King Charles V, with his effigy and bear sleeping at his feet, the original being in the crypt of Bourges Cathedral, or the Cathedrale Saint-Etienne de Bourges, by Paul Gauchery, early 20th century, in the Salle d'Apparat or Ceremonial Hall of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0249.jpg
  • Detail of a rabbit peeking our from amongst the sculpted foliage, from the monumental fireplace, destroyed in 1820 and reassembled in the 1930s, in the Salle des Festins or Hall of Feasts, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0243.jpg
  • Detail of figure, possibly holding weaving implements, from the monumental fireplace, destroyed in 1820 and reassembled in the 1930s, in the Salle des Festins or Hall of Feasts, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0240.jpg
  • Detail of sculpted monkeys holding each other's tails and tied together by ropes held by men, from the monumental fireplace, destroyed in 1820 and reassembled in the 1930s, in the Salle des Festins or Hall of Feasts, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0241.jpg
  • Detail of a sculpted human holding a phylactery as column support from the monumental fireplace, destroyed in 1820 and reassembled in the 1930s, in the Salle des Festins or Hall of Feasts, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0238.jpg
  • Architectural detail of the South section of the palace, with sculpted human head of an Oriental man stroking his beard, from the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0219.jpg
  • Architectural detail with sculpted human head support and Gothic canopies, on the main facade of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0214.jpg
  • Sculpted lamp base in the form of a figure holding a scroll, beside the chariot entrance on the main facade of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0213.jpg
  • Sculptural detail of a man holding a phylactery, on the archivolt between the chariot entrance and the postern or pedestrian entrance, on the main facade of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0211.jpg
  • Sculpted lamp base in the form of a woman holding a scroll, beside the chariot entrance on the main facade of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0212.jpg
  • Sculptural detail of a man holding an open book, on the archivolt between the chariot entrance and the postern or pedestrian entrance, on the main facade of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0210.jpg
  • Sculptural detail of a minstrel playing a zither, in the Salle du Tresor or treasury room, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. This small room has an iron door and was used for keeping the most precious objects in the household safe. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0292.jpg
  • Sculptural detail of a figure holding a lamp, in the Salle du Tresor or treasury room, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. This small room has an iron door and was used for keeping the most precious objects in the household safe. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0291.jpg
  • Figures on the battlements with weapons and heavy objects to throw down, on the monumental fireplace called 'Les Jeux de la Guerre' or 'War games', with foliage and animals on the bottom of the lintel, crenelated battlements with figures defending a fortress or perhaps burghers defending a town above and 2 windows with fine ladies watching the spectacle of the siege, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0301.jpg
  • Sculptural detail of a figure wearing a greatcoat and hat, with a large embroidered alms purse and a metal clasp on his belt, holding a cutlass, in the South Gallery of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. The figure faces the staircase leading to the chapel and was no doubt a sign or warning to people passing by. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0300.JPG
  • Sculptural detail of a prophet holding a phylactery in a niche in the chapel of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0299.jpg
  • Gothic ceiling vault above the spiral staircase in the tower beside the internal courtyard or Cour d'Honneur, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0288.jpg
  • Detail of sculpted monkeys holding each other's tails and tied together by ropes held by men, from the monumental fireplace, destroyed in 1820 and reassembled in the 1930s, in the Salle des Festins or Hall of Feasts, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0283.jpg
  • Detail of human figure with a dog amongst the carved foliage, from the monumental fireplace, destroyed in 1820 and reassembled in the 1930s, in the Salle des Festins or Hall of Feasts, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0282.jpg
  • Sculptural detail of a leprechaun playing a zither, at the junction of 2 archivolts, in the Salle des Festins or Hall of Feasts, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0280.jpg
  • Stone carved gargoyle in the form of a man screaming with hands on his head, evocative of the 'Scream' painting by Edvard Munch, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0278.jpg
  • Monumental fireplace called 'Les Jeux de la Guerre' or 'War games', with foliage and animals on the bottom of the lintel, crenelated battlements with figures defending a fortress or perhaps burghers defending a town above and 2 windows with fine ladies watching the spectacle of the siege, in the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0275.jpg
  • Detail of a wool tapestry of Noah's Ark in the great flood, showing people and animals drowning in the deluge, Flemish, possibly from Audenarde, 17th century, owned by the DRAC Centre, in the Salle d'Apparat or Ceremonial Hall of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0250.jpg
  • Sculptural detail of a man holding an open book, on the archivolt between the chariot entrance and the postern or pedestrian entrance, on the main facade of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0217.jpg
  • Detail of a wool tapestry of Noah's Ark in the great flood, Flemish, possibly from Audenarde, 17th century, owned by the DRAC Centre, in the Salle d'Apparat or Ceremonial Hall of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0289.jpg
  • Sculptural detail of a man holding an open book, on the archivolt between the chariot entrance and the postern or pedestrian entrance, on the main facade of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, on the Place Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0215.jpg
  • Internal courtyard or Cour d'Honneur of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, Bourges, France. The courtyard is surrounded on 3 sides by arcades and on the 3-storey facade is the tower structure surrounding the main spiral staircase. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0312.jpg
  • Relief of trees on the tympanum of the staircase tower in the internal courtyard or Cour d'Honneur of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, Bourges, France. The trees are l-r a pomegranate tree with 9 fruits, an orange tree with 13 oranges and 13 flowers and an olive tree  with 53 olives. Below is a teasel and a double-headed thistle ('thistle of souls'), with rose bushes either side. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0233.jpg
  • Internal courtyard or Cour d'Honneur of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, Bourges, France. The courtyard is surrounded on 3 sides by arcades and on the 3-storey facade is the tower structure surrounding the main spiral staircase. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0305.jpg
  • Internal courtyard or Cour d'Honneur of the Palais Jacques Coeur, huge manor house built 1443-51 in Flamboyant Gothic style, Bourges, France. The courtyard is surrounded on 3 sides by arcades and on the 3-storey facade is the tower structure surrounding the main spiral staircase. Jacques Coeur, 1395-1456, was a wealthy merchant and was made master of the mint to King Charles VII in 1438. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0306.jpg
  • Winged stag with a crown, thought to be a homage to King Charles VIII, showing the Lallemant brothers' closeness to the King, one of many fantastic creatures decorating the building, flanking a window in the Upper Courtyard of the Hotel Lallemant, a mansion built 1495-1518 in French Renaissance style by the Lallemant merchant family, in Bourges, Centre Val de Loire, France. Similarly, Jacques Coeur also paid homage to Charles VII on the tympanum to the Salle des Festins in his Palais Jacques Coeur. The sculptural decoration on the building, made by both French and Italian sculptors, has been interpreted by Fulcanelli and others as having an alchemical symbolism. Since 1951 the building has housed the Musee des Arts Decoratifs and it was listed as a historic monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0634.jpg
  • Street sign of the Rue de l'Alchimie, Bourges, Centre Val de Loire, France. Bourges has a long tradition with alchemy and many of its buildings, such as the Palais Jacques Coeur, the Cathedral and the Hotel Lallemant display symbols and sculptures which are thought to relate to alchemical processes. Many scholars of alchemy, such as Fulcanelli, Mathe, Chenu, Van Lennep and Bulteau have studied the Bourges buildings. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_0697.jpg
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