manuel cohen

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  • Arrival of Europeans in Africa in search of slaves, engraving by Nicolas Colbert after Amedee Frerot, 1795, in the Musee d'Aquitaine, Cours Pasteur, Bordeaux, Aquitaine, France. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC_1366.jpg
  • Genisse N'Dama with a cow, from Fouta-Djalon, Guinea, West Africa, at the Colonial Exhibition of 1907, held in the Jardin d'Agronomie Tropicale, or Garden of Tropical Agronomy, in the Bois de Vincennes in the 12th arrondissement of Paris, postcard from the nearby Musee de Nogent sur Marne, France. The garden was first established in 1899 to conduct agronomical experiments on plants of French colonies. In 1907 it was the site of the Colonial Exhibition and many pavilions were built or relocated here. The garden has since become neglected and many structures overgrown, damaged or destroyed, with most of the tropical vegetation disappeared. The site is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen / Musee de Nogent sur Marne
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_1129.jpg
  • General view of the Roman Capitol, 2nd century, in Dougga, Tunisia, pictured on January 31, 2008, in the morning. Dougga has been occupied since the 2nd Millennium BC, well before the Phoenicians arrived in Tunisia. It was ruled by Carthage from the 4th century BC, then by Numidians, who called it Thugga and finally taken over by the Romans in the 2nd century. Situated in the north of Tunisia, the site became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. This is one of the best preserved Roman temples in North Africa with a portico of six Corinthian columns. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCTunisia_08_MC_095.jpg
  • Detail of the pediment and entablature of the Roman Capitol, 2nd century, in Dougga, Tunisia, pictured on January 31, 2008, in the morning. Dougga has been occupied since the 2nd Millennium BC, well before the Phoenicians arrived in Tunisia. It was ruled by Carthage from the 4th century BC, then by Numidians, who called it Thugga and finally taken over by the Romans in the 2nd century. Situated in the north of Tunisia, the site became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. This is one of the best preserved Roman temples in North Africa with a portico of six Corinthian columns. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCTunisia_08_MC_093.jpg
  • General view of the Roman Capitol with columns in the foreground, 2nd century, in Dougga, Tunisia, pictured on January 31, 2008, in the morning. Dougga has been occupied since the 2nd Millennium BC, well before the Phoenicians arrived in Tunisia. It was ruled by Carthage from the 4th century BC, then by Numidians, who called it Thugga and finally taken over by the Romans in the 2nd century. Situated in the north of Tunisia, the site became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. This is one of the best preserved Roman temples in North Africa with a portico of six Corinthian columns. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCTunisia_08_MC_089.jpg
  • General view of the Roman Capitol, 2nd century, in Dougga, Tunisia, pictured on January 31, 2008, in the morning. Dougga has been occupied since the 2nd Millennium BC, well before the Phoenicians arrived in Tunisia. It was ruled by Carthage from the 4th century BC, then by Numidians, who called it Thugga and finally taken over by the Romans in the 2nd century. Situated in the north of Tunisia the site became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. This is one of the best preserved Roman temples in North Africa with a portico of six Corinthian columns. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCTunisia_08_MC_088.jpg
  • A panoramic view of Tangier, Morocco pictured on December 18, 2009. Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC070.jpg
  • Tangier, Morocco, pictured on December 27, 2009. A panoramic view of Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC069.jpg
  • Panorama From Hotel Mille et Une Nuits, Tangier, Morocco pictured on December 27, 2009. The elegant seafront hote, with crenellated walls, has a fine view over the Straits of Gibraltar. Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC062.jpg
  • Hotel Continental, Tangier, Morocco pictured on December 17, 2009. A staircase, its angles emphasized by sun and shade, leads to a terrace with palm trees at this gracious traditional Hotel.  Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC059.jpg
  • Medina, Tangier, Morocco, pictured on December 27, 2009. A woman in traditional costume and straw hat makes her way through the shadows of a street in the Old Town. Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC054.jpg
  • Medina, Tangier, Morocco pictured on December 27, 2009. A group of men sit along a stone bench in the Old Town. The white cap of one of them catches the rays of the winter afternoon sunshine.  Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC051.jpg
  • Medina, Tangier, Morocco, pictured on December 27, 2009. The stonework of an old wall, with grass growing from it, contasts with the cool white washed walls framing the view. Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC048.jpg
  • Medina, Tangier, Morocco, pictured on December 27, 2009. A narrow street in the Old Town where clean white and turquoise walls contrast with one old wall whose stonework is bare. Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Mediterranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC047.jpg
  • Medina, Tangier, Morocco, pictured on December 27, 2009. A view through a narrow street showing the dome above the entrance to a mosque. The building is whitewashed with green decoration. Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC046.jpg
  • Medina, Tangier, Morocco, pictured on December 27, 2009. A lamplit corner of the Old Town showing a steep staircase outside a cafe whose tiny door is marked by a signpost. Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC042.jpg
  • Medina, Tangier, Morocco pictured on December 18, 2009. A boy walks confidently along a street, past the old houses with crumbling white washed walls, balconies and roof terraces. Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC007.jpg
  • Medina, Tangier, Morocco pictured on December 18, 2009. An atmospheric view a man in traditional red Djellaba walking past the walls, doors and windows at haphazard angles in a corner of the old town.Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC003.jpg
  • Skyline, Tangier, Morocco pictured on December 18, 2009. Beneath a wintry sky Tangier lives up to its other name, the 'White City'. Gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic, Tangier is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC001.jpg
  • Minaret, with helical outer staircase, rebuilt in 1296 under Sultan Lajin, seen from the courtyard of the Mosque of Ibn Tulun, consecrated 884 and founded by Ahmed Ibn Tulun, in Cairo, Egypt. This is one of the oldest mosques in Africa and the largest mosque in Cairo. Cairo's historic district is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_EGYPT_MC_025.jpg
  • Sabil or ablution fountain in the courtyard of the Mosque of Ibn Tulun, consecrated 884 and founded by Ahmed Ibn Tulun, in Cairo, Egypt. This is one of the oldest mosques in Africa and the largest mosque in Cairo. Cairo's historic district is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_EGYPT_MC_024.jpg
  • Sabil or ablution fountain in the courtyard of the Mosque of Ibn Tulun, consecrated 884 and founded by Ahmed Ibn Tulun, in Cairo, Egypt. This is one of the oldest mosques in Africa and the largest mosque in Cairo. Cairo's historic district is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_EGYPT_MC_023.jpg
  • Sabil or ablution fountain in the courtyard of the Mosque of Ibn Tulun, consecrated 884 and founded by Ahmed Ibn Tulun, in Cairo, Egypt. This is one of the oldest mosques in Africa and the largest mosque in Cairo. Cairo's historic district is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_EGYPT_MC_022.jpg
  • Tally of French, English, Portuguese and Dutch at Xavier, Guinea, on the Voyage of the Chevalier des Marchais from Guinea, Africa, to Cayenne, French Guiana, 1725, 1726 and 1727, by Jean-Baptiste Labat, 1663-1738, 1730, from the Musee des Salorges fund, in the Musee d'histoire de Nantes, in the Chateau des ducs de Bretagne, in Nantes, Pays de la Loire, France. The illustration depicts the coexistence of many European nations at the trading post, with compounds for the French, Portuguese, English and Dutch. The director is carried by his servants in a litter The museum opened in 2007 and covers the history of Nantes, focusing on slavery, world wars, industrialisation and the chateau. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_FRANCE_MC_0018.jpg
  • Pearl oyster fishermen from West Africa, postcard of the Colonial Exhibition of 1907, held in the Jardin d'Agronomie Tropicale, or Garden of Tropical Agronomy, in the Bois de Vincennes in the 12th arrondissement of Paris, postcard from the nearby Musee de Nogent sur Marne, France. The garden was first established in 1899 to conduct agronomical experiments on plants of French colonies. In 1907 it was the site of the Colonial Exhibition and many pavilions were built or relocated here. The garden has since become neglected and many structures overgrown, damaged or destroyed, with most of the tropical vegetation disappeared. The site is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen / Musee de Nogent sur Marne
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_1196.jpg
  • Pearl oyster fishermen from West Africa shucking oysters and having lunch, postcard of the Colonial Exhibition of 1907, held in the Jardin d'Agronomie Tropicale, or Garden of Tropical Agronomy, in the Bois de Vincennes in the 12th arrondissement of Paris, postcard from the nearby Musee de Nogent sur Marne, France. The garden was first established in 1899 to conduct agronomical experiments on plants of French colonies. In 1907 it was the site of the Colonial Exhibition and many pavilions were built or relocated here. The garden has since become neglected and many structures overgrown, damaged or destroyed, with most of the tropical vegetation disappeared. The site is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen / Musee de Nogent sur Marne
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_1195.jpg
  • Low angle view of the Capitol, 2nd century, seen through the door frame of a house on the Roman market, in Dougga, Tunisia, pictured on January 31, 2008, in the afternoon. Dougga has been occupied since the 2nd Millennium BC, well before the Phoenicians arrived in Tunisia. It was ruled by Carthage from the 4th century BC, then by Numidians, who called it Thugga and finally taken over by the Romans in the 2nd century. Situated in the north of Tunisia, the site became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. This is one of the best preserved Roman temples in North Africa with a portico of six Corinthian columns. The market was initially a place for trading slaves. The door is left of one of the largest house of Dougga, called Dar el Acheb. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCTunisia_08_MC_142.jpg
  • Low angle view from the Dar el Acheb, 2nd century, near the market with the Capitol in the background, in Dougga, Tunisia, pictured on January 31, 2008, in the afternoon. Dougga has been occupied since the 2nd Millennium BC, well before the Phoenicians arrived in Tunisia. It was ruled by Carthage from the 4th century BC, then by Numidians, who called it Thugga and finally taken over by the Romans in the 2nd century. Situated in the north of Tunisia, the site became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. The Capitol is one of the best preserved Roman temples in North Africa with a portico of six Corinthian columns. The market was initially a place for trading slaves. The door is left of one of the largest houses of Dougga, called Dar el Acheb. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCTunisia_08_MC_128.jpg
  • General view of the Roman Capitol, 2nd century, in  Dougga, Tunisia, pictured on January 31, 2008, in the morning. Dougga has been occupied since the 2nd Millennium BC, well before the Phoenicians arrived in Tunisia. It was ruled by Carthage from the 4th century BC, then by Numidians, who called it Thugga and finally taken over by the Romans in the 2nd century. Situated in the north of Tunisia, the site became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. This is one of the best preserved Roman temples in North Africa with a portico of six Corinthian columns. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCTunisia_08_MC_106.jpg
  • Low angle view of the Capitol, 2nd century, seen through a doorframe on the Roman market, Dougga, Tunisia, pictured on January 31, 2008, in the morning. Dougga has been occupied since the 2nd Millennium BC, well before the Phoenicians arrived in Tunisia. It was ruled by Carthage from the 4th century BC, then by Numidians, who called it Thugga and finally taken over by the Romans in the 2nd century. Situated in the north of Tunisia, the site became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. This is one of the best preserved Roman temples in North Africa with a portico of six Corinthian columns. The market was initially a place for trading slaves. The door is left of one of the largest house of Dougga, called Dar el Acheb. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCTunisia_08_MC_097.jpg
  • Low angle view of the Capitol, 2nd century, seen through a doorframe on the Roman market, in Dougga, Tunisia, pictured on January 31, 2008, in the morning. Dougga has been occupied since the 2nd Millennium BC, well before the Phoenicians arrived in Tunisia. It was ruled by Carthage from the 4th century BC, then by Numidians, who called it Thugga and finally taken over by the Romans in the 2nd century. Situated in the north of Tunisia, the site became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. This is one of the best preserved Roman temples in North Africa with a portico of six Corinthian columns. The market was initially a place for trading slaves. The door is left of one of the largest house of Dougga, called Dar el Acheb. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCTunisia_08_MC_096.jpg
  • Low angle view of the front of the Roman Capitol, 2nd century, in Dougga, Tunisia, pictured on January 31, 2008, in the morning. Dougga has been occupied since the 2nd Millennium BC, well before the Phoenicians arrived in Tunisia. It was ruled by Carthage from the 4th century BC, then by Numidians, who called it Thugga and finally taken over by the Romans in the 2nd century. Situated in the north of Tunisia, the site became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. This is one of the best preserved Roman temples in North Africa with a portico of six Corinthian columns. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCTunisia_08_MC_092.jpg
  • Low angle view of the Roman Capitol, 2nd century, in Dougga, Tunisia, pictured on January 31, 2008, in the morning. Dougga has been occupied since the 2nd Millennium BC, well before the Phoenicians arrived in Tunisia. It was ruled by Carthage from the 4th century BC, then by Numidians, who called it Thugga and finally taken over by the Romans in the 2nd century. Situated in the north of Tunisia, the site became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. This is one of the best preserved Roman temples in North Africa with a portico of six Corinthian columns. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCTunisia_08_MC_091.jpg
  • Low angle view of the Roman Capitol, 2nd century, in Dougga, Tunisia, pictured on January 31, 2008, in the morning. Dougga has been occupied since the 2nd Millennium BC, well before the Phoenicians arrived in Tunisia. It was ruled by Carthage from the 4th century BC, then by Numidians, who called it Thugga and finally taken over by the Romans in the 2nd century. Situated in the north of Tunisia, the site became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. This is one of the best preserved Roman temples in North Africa with a portico of six Corinthian columns. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCTunisia_08_MC_090.jpg
  • General view of the Roman Capitol, 2nd century, in Dougga, Tunisia, pictured on January 31, 2008, in the morning. Dougga has been occupied since the 2nd Millennium BC, well before the Phoenicians arrived in Tunisia. It was ruled by Carthage from the 4th century BC, then by Numidians, who called it Thugga and finally taken over by the Romans in the 2nd century. Situated in the north of Tunisia the site became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. This is one of the best preserved Roman temples in North Africa with a portico of six Corinthian columns. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCTunisia_08_MC_087.jpg
  • General view of the Roman Capitol, 2nd century, in Dougga, Tunisia, pictured on January 31, 2008, in the morning. Dougga has been occupied since the 2nd Millennium BC, well before the Phoenicians arrived in Tunisia. It was ruled by Carthage from the 4th century BC, then by Numidians, who called it Thugga and finally taken over by the Romans in the 2nd century. Situated in the north of Tunisia the site became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. This is one of the best preserved Roman temples in North Africa with a portico of six Corinthian columns. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LCTunisia_08_MC_086.jpg
  • Sunrise over the Medina, Tangier, Morocco, pictured on December 27, 2009. Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC067.jpg
  • Panoramic view of Spain, seen from Tangier, Morocco, pictured on December 27, 2009. A terrace stands on the seafront of Tangier with a view across the Straits of Gibraltar to Spain. Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC061.jpg
  • Hotel Continental, Tangier, Morocco pictured on December 17, 2009. A staircase, its angles emphasized by sun and shade, leads to a terrace with palm trees at this gracious traditional Hotel. Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC058.jpg
  • Medina, Tangier, Morocco pictured on December 27, 2009. An atmospheric view of a staircase with wrought iron bannister rail, see through a screened window. Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC057.jpg
  • Medina, Tangier, Morocco pictured on December 27, 2009. An atmospheric view through a screen of people silhouetted as they pass through a gateway in the Old Town. Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC056.jpg
  • Medina, Tangier, Morocco pictured on December 27, 2009. An atmospheric view through a screened window of a courtyard garden in the Old Town lit by dappled winter sunshine. Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC055.jpg
  • Medina, Tangier, Morocco pictured on December 27, 2009. Crowds in traditional dress walk through a keyhole shaped archway into a street in the Medina. The sun catches the different colours of the headdresses. Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC053.jpg
  • Medina, Tangier, Morocco pictured on December 27, 2009. A group of men are barely seen in the shadowy Old Town. One wears a white Djellaba and cap which catch the little available light. Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC052.jpg
  • Medina, Tangier, Morocco pictured on December 27, 2009. A woman in traditional costume and cardigan walks confidently past an elaborate gateway in the Old Town, her straw hat and veil shading her from the sunshine. Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC050.jpg
  • Medina, Tangier, Morocco pictured on December 27, 2009. A view from behind of a woman in green, with two men, approaching an arched gateway in a shady corner of the Old Town. Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC049.jpg
  • Harbour, Tangier, Morocco, pictured on December 27, 2009. A fisherman works on his boat. Beyond the harbour the city rises in its jumble of new and old buildings.  Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC045.jpg
  • Seafront promenade, Tangier, Morocco, pictured on December 27, 2009. A long row of white houses, with awnings above the cafes at street level, stretches along the seafront. Old and new buildings are mixed together in the jumbled cityscape behind the promenade. Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC044.jpg
  • Medina, Tangier, Morocco, pictured on December 27, 2009. Ancient stonewaork is revealed in crumbling walls where a road zigzags up a asteep slope in the Old Town. An ornate archway pierces the wall leading further into the ancient streets of the Medina. Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC043.jpg
  • Skyline, Tangier, Morocco, pictured on December 27, 2009. A rooftop view of Notre Dame de l'Assomption (left) and the Great Mosque (right) in Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic, an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC041.jpg
  • Tangier, Morocco, pictured on December 27, 2009. A rooftop view of the domes, towers and many shaped roofs which form the skyline of Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic, an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC040.jpg
  • Tangier, Morocco, pictured on December 27, 2009. A panoramic view of the city as sun rises over the distant hills. Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC039.jpg
  • Medina, Tangier, Morocco pictured on December 18, 2009. Boys mooch around a semi-derelict area of the Old Town, which is picturesque with its old walls in earth colours, but evidently a tough environment for these young people. Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC006.jpg
  • Medina Tangier, Morocco pictured on December 18, 2009. Children play in a sloping street, outside typical Medina houses with overhanging upper stories and shuttered windows. Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC005.jpg
  • Medina, Tangier, Morocco pictured on December 18, 2009. A small figure climbs a long stone staircase with blue and white painted walls in a corner of the old town. Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC004.jpg
  • Medina Tangier, Morocco pictured on December 18, 2009. An atmospheric view of walls, doors and windows at haphazard angles in a corner of the old town. Tangier, the 'White City', gateway to North Africa, a port on the Straits of Gibraltar where the Meditaerranean meets the Atlantic is an ancient city where many cultures, Phoenicians, Berbers, Portuguese and Spaniards have all left their mark. With its medina, palace and position overlooking two seas the city is now being developed as a tourist attraction and modern port. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC002.jpg
  • Stone carving of Roman goddess Africa, Volubilis, Northern Morocco. Volubilis was founded in the 3rd century BC by the Phoenicians and was a Roman settlement from the 1st century AD. Volubilis was a thriving Roman olive growing town until 280 AD and was settled until the 11th century. The buildings were largely destroyed by an earthquake in the 18th century and have since been excavated and partly restored. Volubilis was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_Morocco_MC160.jpg
  • Indochina Pavilion (left) and Kiosque de Musique (right), at the Colonial Exhibition of 1907, held in the Jardin d'Agronomie Tropicale, or Garden of Tropical Agronomy, in the Bois de Vincennes in the 12th arrondissement of Paris, postcard from the nearby Musee de Nogent sur Marne, France. On the left is a group of Fula women from Upper Guinea, West Africa. The garden was first established in 1899 to conduct agronomical experiments on plants of French colonies. In 1907 it was the site of the Colonial Exhibition and many pavilions were built or relocated here. The garden has since become neglected and many structures overgrown, damaged or destroyed, with most of the tropical vegetation disappeared. The site is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen / Musee de Nogent sur Marne
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_1202.jpg
  • Slave trade, aquatint, 1802, by George Morland and Raphael Smith James, depicting sale of slaves in Africa, separating a family, in the Musee du Nouveau Monde, or New World Museum, opened 1982 in the Hotel Fleuriau, an 18th century mansion home to merchant Aime-Benjamin Fleuriau, 1707-1877, in La Rochelle, Charente-Maritime, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France. The museum explores links between France and the Americas, including the slave trade. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC23_FRANCE_MC_0609.jpg
  • Statue of a follower of Oba, from the Kingdom of Benin, Nigeria, Africa, 16th - 17th century, brass with bronze patina, in the Musee d'Art Moderne de Troyes, inaugurated 1982, in the former Episcopal Palace, built 16th and 17th centuries, in Troyes, Aube, Grand Est, France. The museum holds French painting collections from the mid 19th century to 1960s. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_FRANCE_MC_1483.JPG
  • Covetes dels Moros, a series of around 50 caves with rectangular openings in a cliff face on the Barranc de la Fos, created 10th - 11th century, near the village of Bocairent, Vall d'Albaida, Valencia, Spain. The rooms are on around 3 or 4 different levels and are interlinked, although designed to be separated by doors. The purpose of these chambers is unknown, possibly sepulchres, granaries, Visigothic monasteries or more likely, Hispano-Arab storage barns from the Andalusian period, after a design imported from North Africa. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_SPAIN_MC_0123.jpg
  • Covetes dels Moros, a series of around 50 caves with rectangular openings in a cliff face on the Barranc de la Fos, created 10th - 11th century, near the village of Bocairent, Vall d'Albaida, Valencia, Spain. The rooms are on around 3 or 4 different levels and are interlinked, although designed to be separated by doors. The purpose of these chambers is unknown, possibly sepulchres, granaries, Visigothic monasteries or more likely, Hispano-Arab storage barns from the Andalusian period, after a design imported from North Africa. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_SPAIN_MC_0126.jpg
  • Man sitting in a cave in the Covetes dels Moros, a series of around 50 caves with rectangular openings in a cliff face on the Barranc de la Fos, created 10th - 11th century, near the village of Bocairent, Vall d'Albaida, Valencia, Spain. The rooms are on around 3 or 4 different levels and are interlinked, although designed to be separated by doors. The purpose of these chambers is unknown, possibly sepulchres, granaries, Visigothic monasteries or more likely, Hispano-Arab storage barns from the Andalusian period, after a design imported from North Africa. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_SPAIN_MC_0127.jpg
  • West facade of the Palais de la Bourse, or Nantes Stock Exchange, built 1790-1815 by Mathurin Crucy in neoclassical style, now a Fnac shop, on the Place de la Bourse, in Nantes, Pays de la Loire, France. This facade features 10 Doric columns with statues above each, representing Laws, Abundance, Fine Arts, Geography, City of Nantes, America, Africa, Asia, Europe and Prudence. In front of the building is the statue of Georges de Villebois-Mareuil, a soldier from Nantes who died in the Boer War, 1906, by Charles Raoul Verlet, 1857-1923. Nantes was an important trading port and wealthy city, having profited from the slave trade from 17th - 19th century. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_FRANCE_MC_0097.jpg
  • West facade of the Palais de la Bourse, or Nantes Stock Exchange, built 1790-1815 by Mathurin Crucy in neoclassical style, now a Fnac shop, on the Place de la Bourse, in Nantes, Pays de la Loire, France. This facade features 10 Doric columns with statues above each, representing Laws, Abundance, Fine Arts, Geography, City of Nantes, America, Africa, Asia, Europe and Prudence. Nantes was an important trading port and wealthy city, having profited from the slave trade from 17th - 19th century. The building is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_FRANCE_MC_0099.jpg
  • Wooden star shaped panels, carved and painted by craftsmen from North Africa, 12th century, on the ceiling of the Palatine Chapel or Cappella Palatina, the royal chapel of the Norman Palace in Palermo, Sicily, Italy. The chapel was built for Roger II of Sicily in 1132 and consecrated in 1143, and is decorated with Byzantine mosaics. It has a sanctuary dedicated to St Peter and muqarnas in the nave ceiling, being a marriage of Norman, Byzantine and Islamic Fatimid architectural styles. The chapel is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_ITALY_MC_391.jpg
  • Musicians, painted by craftsmen from North Africa, 12th century, on the wooden ceiling of the nave of the Palatine Chapel or Cappella Palatina, the royal chapel of the Norman Palace in Palermo, Sicily, Italy. The chapel was built for Roger II of Sicily in 1132 and consecrated in 1143, and is decorated with Byzantine mosaics. It has a sanctuary dedicated to St Peter and muqarnas in the nave ceiling, being a marriage of Norman, Byzantine and Islamic Fatimid architectural styles. The chapel is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_ITALY_MC_412.JPG
  • Angel with the lamb of God, painted by craftsmen from North Africa, 12th century, on the wooden ceiling of the nave of the Palatine Chapel or Cappella Palatina, the royal chapel of the Norman Palace in Palermo, Sicily, Italy. The chapel was built for Roger II of Sicily in 1132 and consecrated in 1143, and is decorated with Byzantine mosaics. It has a sanctuary dedicated to St Peter and muqarnas in the nave ceiling, being a marriage of Norman, Byzantine and Islamic Fatimid architectural styles. The chapel is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_ITALY_MC_402.jpg
  • Wooden star shaped panel, carved and painted by craftsmen from North Africa, 12th century, on the ceiling of the Palatine Chapel or Cappella Palatina, the royal chapel of the Norman Palace in Palermo, Sicily, Italy. The chapel was built for Roger II of Sicily in 1132 and consecrated in 1143, and is decorated with Byzantine mosaics. It has a sanctuary dedicated to St Peter and muqarnas in the nave ceiling, being a marriage of Norman, Byzantine and Islamic Fatimid architectural styles. The chapel is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_ITALY_MC_414.jpg
  • Wooden star shaped panel, carved and painted by craftsmen from North Africa, 12th century, on the ceiling of the Palatine Chapel or Cappella Palatina, the royal chapel of the Norman Palace in Palermo, Sicily, Italy. The chapel was built for Roger II of Sicily in 1132 and consecrated in 1143, and is decorated with Byzantine mosaics. It has a sanctuary dedicated to St Peter and muqarnas in the nave ceiling, being a marriage of Norman, Byzantine and Islamic Fatimid architectural styles. The chapel is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_ITALY_MC_465.jpg
  • Monument a la gloire de la colonisation (Monument to the Glory of Colonisation), erected for the Paris Colonial Exhibition at the Bois de Vincennes in 1931, at Porte Doree, Paris, France. This stone relief, depicting French and colonial soldiers, was commissioned in memory of Jean-Baptiste Marchand, 1863-1934, who led a mission from the Congo to the Nile, to expand French territory in Africa by taking it from the British. Along with 250 Senegalese soldiers, he reached Fachoda in Sudan before abandoning the expedition in 1897. Several remnants of the Colonial Exhibition remain in and around the Bois de Vincennes to this day. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_PARIS_MC_1244.jpg
  • Monument a la gloire de la colonisation (Monument to the Glory of Colonisation), erected for the Paris Colonial Exhibition at the Bois de Vincennes in 1931, at Porte Doree, Paris, France. This stone relief, depicting French and colonial soldiers, was commissioned in memory of Jean-Baptiste Marchand, 1863-1934, who led a mission from the Congo to the Nile, to expand French territory in Africa by taking it from the British. Along with 250 Senegalese soldiers, he reached Fachoda in Sudan before abandoning the expedition in 1897. Several remnants of the Colonial Exhibition remain in and around the Bois de Vincennes to this day. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_PARIS_MC_1242.jpg
  • Africa, allegorical ceiling fresco, 1826, by Charles Meynier, 1763-1832, in the nave, used for galas, conferences and other events, in the Palais Brongniart, or Palais de la Bourse, built by Alexandre-Theodore Brongniart 1808-13 and Eloi Labarre 1813-26, on the Place de la Bourse in the 2nd arrondissement of Paris, France. The nave is a 2 storey hall lined with arcades, housing 500 at conference or 1200 for drinks. The building housed the Bourse de Paris or Paris Stock Exchange from the late 19th century, and Euronext Paris from 2000, and is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_PARIS_MC_1068.jpg
  • Fula women from Upper Guinea, West Africa at the Colonial Exhibition of 1907, held in the Jardin d'Agronomie Tropicale, or Garden of Tropical Agronomy, in the Bois de Vincennes in the 12th arrondissement of Paris, postcard from the nearby Musee de Nogent sur Marne, France. The garden was first established in 1899 to conduct agronomical experiments on plants of French colonies. In 1907 it was the site of the Colonial Exhibition and many pavilions were built or relocated here. The garden has since become neglected and many structures overgrown, damaged or destroyed, with most of the tropical vegetation disappeared. The site is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen / Musee de Nogent sur Marne
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_1203.jpg
  • Fula women from West Africa at the Colonial Exhibition of 1907, held in the Jardin d'Agronomie Tropicale, or Garden of Tropical Agronomy, in the Bois de Vincennes in the 12th arrondissement of Paris, postcard from the nearby Musee de Nogent sur Marne, France. The garden was first established in 1899 to conduct agronomical experiments on plants of French colonies. In 1907 it was the site of the Colonial Exhibition and many pavilions were built or relocated here. The garden has since become neglected and many structures overgrown, damaged or destroyed, with most of the tropical vegetation disappeared. The site is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen / Musee de Nogent sur Marne
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_1189.jpg
  • Ouled Nail tribal woman from Saharan Africa wearing traditional jewellery and headdress, at the Colonial Exhibition of 1907, held in the Jardin d'Agronomie Tropicale, or Garden of Tropical Agronomy, in the Bois de Vincennes in the 12th arrondissement of Paris, postcard from the nearby Musee de Nogent sur Marne, France. The garden was first established in 1899 to conduct agronomical experiments on plants of French colonies. In 1907 it was the site of the Colonial Exhibition and many pavilions were built or relocated here. The garden has since become neglected and many structures overgrown, damaged or destroyed, with most of the tropical vegetation disappeared. The site is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen / Musee de Nogent sur Marne
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_1180.jpg
  • Ouled Nail tribal woman from Saharan Africa wearing traditional jewellery and headdress, at the Colonial Exhibition of 1907, held in the Jardin d'Agronomie Tropicale, or Garden of Tropical Agronomy, in the Bois de Vincennes in the 12th arrondissement of Paris, postcard from the nearby Musee de Nogent sur Marne, France. The garden was first established in 1899 to conduct agronomical experiments on plants of French colonies. In 1907 it was the site of the Colonial Exhibition and many pavilions were built or relocated here. The garden has since become neglected and many structures overgrown, damaged or destroyed, with most of the tropical vegetation disappeared. The site is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen / Musee de Nogent sur Marne
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_1179.jpg
  • Tuaregs, Berbers from Saharan Africa, riding Mehari dromedaries, at the Colonial Exhibition of 1907, held in the Jardin d'Agronomie Tropicale, or Garden of Tropical Agronomy, in the Bois de Vincennes in the 12th arrondissement of Paris, postcard from the nearby Musee de Nogent sur Marne, France. The garden was first established in 1899 to conduct agronomical experiments on plants of French colonies. In 1907 it was the site of the Colonial Exhibition and many pavilions were built or relocated here. The garden has since become neglected and many structures overgrown, damaged or destroyed, with most of the tropical vegetation disappeared. The site is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen / Musee de Nogent sur Marne
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_1175.jpg
  • People from various tribes in Saharan Africa wearing traditional dress, at the Colonial Exhibition of 1907, held in the Jardin d'Agronomie Tropicale, or Garden of Tropical Agronomy, in the Bois de Vincennes in the 12th arrondissement of Paris, postcard from the nearby Musee de Nogent sur Marne, France. The garden was first established in 1899 to conduct agronomical experiments on plants of French colonies. In 1907 it was the site of the Colonial Exhibition and many pavilions were built or relocated here. The garden has since become neglected and many structures overgrown, damaged or destroyed, with most of the tropical vegetation disappeared. The site is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen / Musee de Nogent sur Marne
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_1174.jpg
  • Woman from Saharan Africa in traditional dress - Arab, Tuareg and Ouled Nail, at the Colonial Exhibition of 1907, held in the Jardin d'Agronomie Tropicale, or Garden of Tropical Agronomy, in the Bois de Vincennes in the 12th arrondissement of Paris, postcard from the nearby Musee de Nogent sur Marne, France. The garden was first established in 1899 to conduct agronomical experiments on plants of French colonies. In 1907 it was the site of the Colonial Exhibition and many pavilions were built or relocated here. The garden has since become neglected and many structures overgrown, damaged or destroyed, with most of the tropical vegetation disappeared. The site is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen / Musee de Nogent sur Marne
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_1171.jpg
  • Women from Saharan Africa wearing traditional clothes and jewellery, at the Colonial Exhibition of 1907, held in the Jardin d'Agronomie Tropicale, or Garden of Tropical Agronomy, in the Bois de Vincennes in the 12th arrondissement of Paris, postcard from the nearby Musee de Nogent sur Marne, France. The garden was first established in 1899 to conduct agronomical experiments on plants of French colonies. In 1907 it was the site of the Colonial Exhibition and many pavilions were built or relocated here. The garden has since become neglected and many structures overgrown, damaged or destroyed, with most of the tropical vegetation disappeared. The site is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen / Musee de Nogent sur Marne
    LC17_FRANCE_MC_1167.jpg
  • Detail of Europe, Africa and Asia, from the Map of the world, 1574, painting by Giovanni Antonio Da Varese, in the Hall of Maps, in the Villa Farnese or Villa Caprarola, a 16th century Renaissance and Mannerist fortified villa designed by Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola and built 1559-73 for the Farnese family under Cardinal Alessandro Farnese, in Caprarola, Viterbo, Lazio, Italy. The Hall of Maps is also known as the Room of the World Map or Sala del Mappamondo and displays maps of the whole known world as well as of the heavens, in a ceiling fresco of the planets and constellations. The Villa Farnese is now owned by the state and run by the Polo Museale del Lazio. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_ITALY_MC_0413.jpg
  • Institute of Art and Archaeology, red brick, 1925-30, designed by Paul Bigot (1870-1942), Paris, France. L'Institut d'Art et d'Archeologie, turreted with moulded friezework evoking ancient buildings of Tropical Africa, is part of Paris-Sorbonne University. Classified as a Historical Monument, 1996. Photograph by Manuel Cohen.
    LC12_Paris_MC225.jpg
  • Panorama of Volubilis, Morocco, pictured on December 25, 2009. To the left is the Basilica and the Triumphal Arch dominates the right side of the image. Around the city fertile plains providing agriculural produce stretch towards the mountains. Volubilis, founded in the 3rd century BC was an important city in the Western part of Roman North Africa. The Romans abandoned it in the 3rd century AD. Excavations were started by the French in 1915, and it became a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1997. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC072.jpg
  • Basilica, Volubilis, pictured on December 25, 2009, Morocco. Steps run along the facade of this impressive civic centre whose columns are topped with Corinthian capitals. Around the city fertile plains providing agriculural produce stretch towards the mountains. Volubilis, founded in the 3rd century BC was an important city in the Western part of Roman North Africa. The Romans abandoned it in the 3rd century AD. Excavations were started by the French in 1915, and it became a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1997. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC025.jpg
  • Triumphal Arch, Volubilis, Morocco, pictured on December 25, 2009. The massive arch, dominating the surrounding landsacpe, 217 AD, was built in honour of Caracalla, Roman Emperor 211-217. Some of the original decoration is still intact. Around the city fertile plains providing agriculural produce stretch towards the mountains. Volubilis, founded in the 3rd century BC was an important city in the Western part of Roman North Africa. The Romans abandoned it in the 3rd century AD. Excavations were started by the French in 1915, and it became a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1997. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC024.jpg
  • House of Columns on the Decumanus, Volubilis, Morocco, pictured on December 25, 2009. Beneath a cloudy winter sky the road leads past the facade of this impressive ruined house. Around the city fertile plains providing agriculural produce stretch towards the mountains. Volubilis, founded in the 3rd century BC was an important city in the Western part of Roman North Africa. The Romans abandoned it in the 3rd century AD. Excavations were started by the French in 1915, and it became a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1997. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC023.jpg
  • Triumphal Arch and ruins of Forum, Volubilis, Morocco, pictured on December 25, 2009. The massive arch, 217 AD, was built in honour of Caracalla, Roman Emperor 211-217. Ruined Ionic columns of the Forum lining the Decumanus Maximus, Volubilis, Morocco, pictured on December 25, 2009. The huge stone blocks may have been pedestals for statues. Around the city fertile plains providing agriculural produce stretch towards the mountains. Volubilis, founded in the 3rd century BC was an important city in the Western part of Roman North Africa. The Romans abandoned it in the 3rd century AD. Excavations were started by the French in 1915, and it became a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1997. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC022.jpg
  • Ruined Ionic columns of the Forum lining the Decumanus Maximus, Volubilis, Morocco, pictured on December 25, 2009. The huge stone blocks may have been pedestals for statues. Around the city fertile plains providing agriculural produce stretch towards the mountains. Volubilis, founded in the 3rd century BC was an important city in the Western part of Roman North Africa. The Romans abandoned it in the 3rd century AD. Excavations were started by the French in 1915, and it became a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1997. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCMOROCCODEC09_MC021.jpg
  • Monument a la gloire de la colonisation (Monument to the Glory of Colonisation), erected for the Paris Colonial Exhibition at the Bois de Vincennes in 1931, at Porte Doree, Paris, France. This stone relief, depicting French and colonial soldiers, was commissioned in memory of Jean-Baptiste Marchand, 1863-1934, who led a mission from the Congo to the Nile, to expand French territory in Africa by taking it from the British. Along with 250 Senegalese soldiers, he reached Fachoda in Sudan before abandoning the expedition in 1897. Several remnants of the Colonial Exhibition remain in and around the Bois de Vincennes to this day. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Paris_MC253.jpg
  • Monument a la gloire de la colonisation (Monument to the Glory of Colonisation), erected for the Paris Colonial Exhibition at the Bois de Vincennes in 1931, at Porte Doree, Paris, France. This stone relief, depicting French and colonial soldiers, was commissioned in memory of Jean-Baptiste Marchand, 1863-1934, who led a mission from the Congo to the Nile, to expand French territory in Africa by taking it from the British. Along with 250 Senegalese soldiers, he reached Fachoda in Sudan before abandoning the expedition in 1897. Several remnants of the Colonial Exhibition remain in and around the Bois de Vincennes to this day. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Paris_MC252.jpg
  • ESSAOUIRA, MOROCCO - MAY 11 : A low angle view of the Skala of the Port at dusk on May 11, 2009 in Essaouira, Morocco. The walls and tower of the 18th century Skala are silhouetted against the evening sky. In the foreground the sea glimmers faintly on the darkened beach. Essaouira, on the windswept Atlantic coast of Morocco, was re-built in the 18th century by French architect Theodore Cornut to the orders of Sultan Ben Abdullah. Surrounded by ramparts it is a charming small town now becoming more popular with tourists. (Photo by Manuel Cohen)
    LCMOROCCO090066.jpg
  • ESSAOUIRA, MOROCCO - MAY 11 : A general view of Mogador Island on May 11, 2009 in Essaouira, Morocco. Mogador Island is silhouetted against the sky as dusk falls over the sea. On the windswept Atlantic coast of Morocco,  Essaouira was re-built in the 18th century by French architect Theodore Cornut to the orders of Sultan Ben Abdullah. This island protects the harbour from storms. (Photo by Manuel Cohen)
    LCMOROCCO090065.JPG
  • ESSAOUIRA, MOROCCO - MAY 11 : A general view of a turret on the Ramparts and the Medina on May 11, 2009 in Essaouira, Morocco. The Ramparts, seen on a calm sunlit spring evening, protected the Medina from invaders approaching across  the wild Atlantic Ocean, and from the sea itself. A boy is walking on the rocks below the Ramparts. Essaouira, on the windswept Atlantic coast of Morocco, was re-built in the 18th century by French architect Theodore Cornut to the orders of Sultan Ben Abdullah. Surrounded by ramparts it is a charming small town now becoming more popular with tourists. (Photo by Manuel Cohen)
    LCMOROCCO090064.JPG
  • ESSAOUIRA, MOROCCO - MAY 11 : A detail of a turret on the Ramparts on May 11, 2009 in Essaouira, Morocco. The Ramparts protected the Medina from invaders approaching across the wild Atlantic Ocean, and from the sea itself, seen here on a calm sunlit spring evening. Essaouira, on the windswept Atlantic coast of Morocco, was re-built in the 18th century by French architect Theodore Cornut to the orders of Sultan Ben Abdullah. Surrounded by ramparts it is a charming small town now becoming more popular with tourists. (Photo by Manuel Cohen)
    LCMOROCCO090063.JPG
  • ESSAOUIRA, MOROCCO - MAY 11: A low angle view of boathouses on May 11, 2009 in Essaouira, Morocco. The long line of doors, all painted blue, under a soft spring morning sky, leads to the tower of the Skala of the Port in the background. Essaouira, on the windswept Atlantic coast of Morocco, was re-built in the 18th century by French architect Theodore Cornut to the orders of Sultan Ben Abdullah. Surrounded by ramparts it is a charming small town now becoming more popular with tourists. (Photo by Manuel Cohen)
    LCMOROCCO090061.JPG
  • ESSAOUIRA, MOROCCO - MAY 10 : A detail of a turret next to the Porte de la Marine on May 10, 2009 in Essaouira, Morocco. The beginning of the Porte de la Marine, built in 1771, is to the left of the turret. Essaouira, on the windswept Atlantic coast, was re-built in the 18th century by French architect Theodore Cornut to the orders of Sultan Ben Abdullah. Surrounded by ramparts it is now becoming more popular with tourists. (Photo by Manuel Cohen)
    LCMOROCCO090060.JPG
  • ESSAOUIRA, MOROCCO - MAY 10 : A general view of trawlers and fishing boats on May 10, 2009 in Essaouira, Morocco. In a soft evening light traditional blue painted wooden boats are moored close together at low tide, overlooked by larger trawlers moored on the other side of the harbour wall. Essaouira, on the windswept Atlantic coast of Morocco, was re-built in the 18th century by French architect Theodore Cornut to the orders of Sultan Ben Abdullah. Surrounded by ramparts it is a charming small town now becoming more popular with tourists. (Photo by Manuel Cohen)
    LCMOROCCO090059.JPG
  • ESSAOUIRA, MOROCCO - MAY 10 : A low angle view of the Porte de la Marine on May 10, 2009 in Essaouira, Morocco. A man in traditional dress walks through the arch of the Porte de la Marine, built in 1771,  towards the boats. In the background the Ramparts and the Medina are lit by the evening sun. Essaouira, on the windswept Atlantic coast, was re-built in the 18th century by French architect Theodore Cornut to the orders of Sultan Ben Abdullah. Surrounded by ramparts it is now becoming more popular with tourists. (Photo by Manuel Cohen)
    LCMOROCCO090058.JPG
  • ESSAOUIRA, MOROCCO - MAY 10 : A detail of an abandoned building on May 10, 2009 in Essaouira, Morocco. The evening sun shines through the frame of a missing window lighting  half of a green double door,  inside the deserted building. Essaouira, on the windswept Atlantic coast of Morocco, was re-built in the 18th century by French architect Theodore Cornut to the orders of Sultan Ben Abdullah. Surrounded by ramparts it is a charming small town now becoming more popular with tourists. (Photo by Manuel Cohen)
    LCMOROCCO090057.JPG
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