manuel cohen

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  • Statue of Notre-Dame du Bec or Our Lady of Bec, 14th century, in the abbey church, originally the 17th century Mauric refectory, recently restored, at the Abbaye Notre-Dame du Bec or Bec Abbey, a Benedictine monastery founded 1034 by Saint Herluin, in Le Bec Hellouin, Eure, Normandy, France. The abbey church was built in the 14th century, the Tour Saint-Nicolas in the 15th century and the current complex contains a 17th century chapter house and cloister and 18th century Regency style convent buildings. The abbey is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_FRANCE_MC_0015.jpg
  • Statue of Notre-Dame du Bec or Our Lady of Bec, detail, 14th century, in the abbey church, originally the 17th century Mauric refectory, recently restored, at the Abbaye Notre-Dame du Bec or Bec Abbey, a Benedictine monastery founded 1034 by Saint Herluin, in Le Bec Hellouin, Eure, Normandy, France. The abbey church was built in the 14th century, the Tour Saint-Nicolas in the 15th century and the current complex contains a 17th century chapter house and cloister and 18th century Regency style convent buildings. The abbey is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_FRANCE_MC_0013.jpg
  • Effigy of Geoffroy Fae, bishop of Evreux, 14th century, in the abbey church, originally the 17th century Mauric refectory, recently restored, at the Abbaye Notre-Dame du Bec or Bec Abbey, a Benedictine monastery founded 1034 by Saint Herluin, in Le Bec Hellouin, Eure, Normandy, France. The abbey church was built in the 14th century, the Tour Saint-Nicolas in the 15th century and the current complex contains a 17th century chapter house and cloister and 18th century Regency style convent buildings. The abbey is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC19_FRANCE_MC_0014.jpg
  • Detail of small minaret, late 19th century - early 20th century, summer mosque, Rukhabad Mausoleum, 14th century, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, pictured on July , 2010, at sunrise. The decoration bears influence of Eastern-Turkistan or Chinese traditions. Samarkand, a city on the Silk Road, founded as Afrosiab in the 7th century BC, is a meeting point for the world's cultures. Its most important development was in the Timurid period, 14th to 15th centuries. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC138.jpg
  • Orange Tree Patio, with a 14th century well, pool of water and 24 fountains, built for Maria Enriquez de Luna in the 16th century, in the cloister, built 14th - 15th century, in Gothic mudejar style, at the Real Monasterio de Sant Jeroni de Cotalba, a monastery founded in 1388 by the duke of Gandia, Alfons de Vell, and built 14th - 18th centuries in Valencian Gothic, mudejar, Renaissance, Baroque and Neoclassical styles, in Alfauir, Valencia, Spain. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_SPAIN_MC_0251.jpg
  • Chapel of the Priory Church, originally built in the 12th century and rebuilt in the 14th century after an earthquake, with 500 year-old alabaster carvings of biblical scenes and a 15th century granite Lantern Cross, on St Michael's Mount, a tidal island in Mount's Bay, Cornwall, England, the site of a 12th century Benedictine monastery and 14th century castle. The island is managed by the National Trust but owned by the St Aubyn family. According to legend, the Mount is the site of a battle between King Arthur and a giant. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_ENGLAND_MC_052.JPG
  • Gothic Chapel, a 13th century chapel in The Cloisters, a museum specialising in European medieval architecture, sculpture and decorative arts, part of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, at Fort Tryon Park, Manhattan, New York, USA. The stained glass windows, 14th century, are from the Church of Saint Leonhard in Carinthia and the castle chapel at Ebreichsdorf near Vienna, Austria. The chapel contains a mid 13th century tomb effigy of crusader Jean d'Alluye and 14th century Catalan tombs of the counts of Urgell. The Cloisters collection includes Byzantine, Romanesque, Gothic and Renaissance works from 12th to 15th centuries. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_NYC_USA_MC127.JPG
  • Gothic Chapel, a 13th century chapel in The Cloisters, a museum specialising in European medieval architecture, sculpture and decorative arts, part of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, at Fort Tryon Park, Manhattan, New York, USA. The stained glass windows, 14th century, are from the Church of Saint Leonhard in Carinthia and the castle chapel at Ebreichsdorf near Vienna, Austria. The chapel contains a mid 13th century tomb effigy of crusader Jean d'Alluye and 14th century Catalan tombs of the counts of Urgell. The Cloisters collection includes Byzantine, Romanesque, Gothic and Renaissance works from 12th to 15th centuries. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC20_NYC_USA_MC052.JPG
  • Silver retablo mayor or altarpiece, 14th century, in the apse of Santa Maria Cathedral or Cathedral of St Mary of Girona, in the town of Girona, at the confluence of the rivers Ter, Onyar, Galligants and Guell, Catalonia, Spain. The polygonal apse  with its stained glass windows is separated from the nave by a wall holding 3 rose windows above Gothic arches. Its 10 trapezoidal ribs form 10 small radiating chapels, seen here. Behind the altarpiece is a stone double staircase leading to a stone carved seat. The nave, at 22m, is the widest nave in the world and is cross vaulted. The cathedral was begun in the 11th century in Romanesque style, and later continued in the 14th century in Catalan Gothic style, redesigned by Pere Sacoma in 1312 and built by the school of Mallorcan architect Jaume Fabre. Of the original Romanesque building only the 12th century cloister and a bell tower remain. The cathedral was completed in the 18th century. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LCSPAIN13_MC044.jpg
  • Tour de Boissy, first floor, built late 13th - early 14th century with rib vaulted ceiling, giving access to the logis royaux from the 15th century, at the Chateau de Chinon or Forteresse royale de Chinon, on the Vienne river, Indre-et-Loire, France. The chateau was founded in the 11th century by Theobald I, count of Blois. King Henry II of England lived and died here in the 12th century and the chateau has been out of use since the late 16th century. It is listed as a historic monument and part of the Loire Valley UNESCO World Heritage Site. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC22_FRANCE_MC_1332.jpg
  • Medieval clock, 14th -15th century, probably the oldest fully preserved and functioning mechanical clock in Europe, near the North entrance of the Cathedrale Saint-Pierre de Beauvais or Cathedral of St Peter of Beauvais, an incomplete Gothic Roman Catholic cathedral consecrated in 1272, Beauvais, Oise, Picardy, France. Painted angels from the 15th century support the clock face which was replaced in the 18th century. The cathedral consists only of a transept built in the 16th century and choir, with apse and 7 polygonal apsidal chapels from the 13th century. It was listed as a historic monument in 1840. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0613.jpg
  • Low angle view of wall with frescoes, 14th century, and doorway,  Chiesa S. Giorgetto dei Domenicani, also known as S. Pietro Martire, 1283, Verona, Italy. The Church, built by the Dominicans, contains  14th century frescoes which were covered over during the 19th century and damaged when the layer of plaster was later removed. They depict the Brandenburg Knights who arrived in Verona in 1354 to work with Cangrande II. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_ITALY_11012.jpg
  • Watchtower and walls, Chateau Royal, Collioure, France. Much of the castle was built in the 13th and 14th centuries by the Dukes of Roussillon and the Knights Templar. In the 16th century Collioure was under Spanish control and Philip II modernised and reinforced the castle. It was taken by the French in 1659 after which the bastions were built by Vauban (1633-1707). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_Collioure_11_MC067.jpg
  • The Comares Tower, built in the 14th century under Muhammad V, the tallest tower in the Alhambra and housing the Hall of the Ambassadors, Nasrid Palaces and the Palace of Charles V in the background, built by Pedro Machuca in the 16th century, Alhambra Palace, Granada, Andalusia, Southern Spain. Behind are the mountains of the Sierra Nevada. The Alhambra was begun in the 11th century as a castle, and in the 13th and 14th centuries served as the royal palace of the Nasrid sultans. The huge complex contains the Alcazaba, Nasrid palaces, gardens and Generalife. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_GRANADA_MC106.jpg
  • Detail of balcony, 1930s, Juliet's House, 14th century, Verona, Italy. Shakespeare's play 'Romeo and Juliet' is based around two feuding 14th century Veronese families. In the 1930s a balcony was added to this 14th century house which was opened to the public as 'Juliet's House'. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_ITALY_11078.jpg
  • The Comares Tower, built in the 14th century under Muhammad V, the tallest tower in the Alhambra and housing the Hall of the Ambassadors, Nasrid Palaces and the Palace of Charles V in the background, built by Pedro Machuca in the 16th century, Alhambra Palace, Granada, Andalusia, Southern Spain. Behind are the mountains of the Sierra Nevada. The Alhambra was begun in the 11th century as a castle, and in the 13th and 14th centuries served as the royal palace of the Nasrid sultans. The huge complex contains the Alcazaba, Nasrid palaces, gardens and Generalife. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_GRANADA_MC103.jpg
  • The Comares Tower, built in the 14th century under Muhammad V, the tallest tower in the Alhambra and housing the Hall of the Ambassadors, Nasrid Palaces and the Palace of Charles V in the background, built by Pedro Machuca in the 16th century, Alhambra Palace, Granada, Andalusia, Southern Spain. Behind are the mountains of the Sierra Nevada. The Alhambra was begun in the 11th century as a castle, and in the 13th and 14th centuries served as the royal palace of the Nasrid sultans. The huge complex contains the Alcazaba, Nasrid palaces, gardens and Generalife. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_GRANADA_MC101.jpg
  • The Comares Tower, built in the 14th century under Muhammad V, the tallest tower in the Alhambra and housing the Hall of the Ambassadors, Nasrid Palaces and the Palace of Charles V in the background, built by Pedro Machuca in the 16th century, Alhambra Palace, Granada, Andalusia, Southern Spain. Behind are the mountains of the Sierra Nevada. The Alhambra was begun in the 11th century as a castle, and in the 13th and 14th centuries served as the royal palace of the Nasrid sultans. The huge complex contains the Alcazaba, Nasrid palaces, gardens and Generalife. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_GRANADA_MC105.jpg
  • The Comares Tower, built in the 14th century under Muhammad V, the tallest tower in the Alhambra and housing the Hall of the Ambassadors, Nasrid Palaces and the Palace of Charles V in the background, built by Pedro Machuca in the 16th century, Alhambra Palace, Granada, Andalusia, Southern Spain. Behind are the mountains of the Sierra Nevada. The Alhambra was begun in the 11th century as a castle, and in the 13th and 14th centuries served as the royal palace of the Nasrid sultans. The huge complex contains the Alcazaba, Nasrid palaces, gardens and Generalife. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_GRANADA_MC107.jpg
  • The Comares Tower, built in the 14th century under Muhammad V, the tallest tower in the Alhambra and housing the Hall of the Ambassadors, Nasrid Palaces and the Palace of Charles V in the background, built by Pedro Machuca in the 16th century, Alhambra Palace, Granada, Andalusia, Southern Spain. Behind are the mountains of the Sierra Nevada. The Alhambra was begun in the 11th century as a castle, and in the 13th and 14th centuries served as the royal palace of the Nasrid sultans. The huge complex contains the Alcazaba, Nasrid palaces, gardens and Generalife. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_GRANADA_MC109.jpg
  • The Comares Tower, built in the 14th century under Muhammad V, the tallest tower in the Alhambra and housing the Hall of the Ambassadors, Nasrid Palaces and the Palace of Charles V in the background, built by Pedro Machuca in the 16th century, Alhambra Palace, Granada, Andalusia, Southern Spain. Behind are the mountains of the Sierra Nevada. The Alhambra was begun in the 11th century as a castle, and in the 13th and 14th centuries served as the royal palace of the Nasrid sultans. The huge complex contains the Alcazaba, Nasrid palaces, gardens and Generalife. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_GRANADA_MC110.jpg
  • The Comares Tower, built in the 14th century under Muhammad V, the tallest tower in the Alhambra and housing the Hall of the Ambassadors, Nasrid Palaces and the Palace of Charles V in the background, built by Pedro Machuca in the 16th century, Alhambra Palace, Granada, Andalusia, Southern Spain. Behind are the mountains of the Sierra Nevada. The Alhambra was begun in the 11th century as a castle, and in the 13th and 14th centuries served as the royal palace of the Nasrid sultans. The huge complex contains the Alcazaba, Nasrid palaces, gardens and Generalife. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_GRANADA_MC112.jpg
  • Small horseshoe arch in carved stucco in the portico of the the Patio of the Gilded Room, between the Mexuar and the Gilded Room or Cuarto Dorado in the Comares Palace, with intricately carved wall with latticed windows beyond, and a 12th century marble capital supporting another arch, Alhambra Palace, Granada, Andalusia, Southern Spain. It was built under Mohammed V in the 14th century. The Alhambra was begun in the 11th century as a castle, and in the 13th and 14th centuries served as the royal palace of the Nasrid sultans. The huge complex contains the Alcazaba, Nazrid palaces, gardens and Generalife. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_GRANADA_MC136.jpg
  • The Alhambra Palace, Granada, Andalusia, Southern Spain, with the Comares Tower, built in the 14th century under Muhammad V, the tallest tower in the Alhambra and housing the Hall of the Ambassadors, Nasrid Palaces and the Palace of Charles V in the background, built by Pedro Machuca in the 16th century. The Alhambra was begun in the 11th century as a castle, and in the 13th and 14th centuries served as the royal palace of the Nasrid sultans. The huge complex contains the Alcazaba, Nasrid palaces, gardens and Generalife. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_GRANADA_MC172.jpg
  • The Alhambra Palace illuminated at night, Granada, Andalusia, Southern Spain, with the Comares Tower, built in the 14th century under Muhammad V, the tallest tower in the Alhambra and housing the Hall of the Ambassadors, Nasrid Palaces and the Palace of Charles V in the background, built by Pedro Machuca in the 16th century. The Alhambra was begun in the 11th century as a castle, and in the 13th and 14th centuries served as the royal palace of the Nasrid sultans. The huge complex contains the Alcazaba, Nasrid palaces, gardens and Generalife. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_GRANADA_MC177.jpg
  • The Alhambra Palace, Granada, Andalusia, Southern Spain, with the Comares Tower, built in the 14th century under Muhammad V, the tallest tower in the Alhambra and housing the Hall of the Ambassadors, Nasrid Palaces and the Palace of Charles V in the background, built by Pedro Machuca in the 16th century. The Alhambra was begun in the 11th century as a castle, and in the 13th and 14th centuries served as the royal palace of the Nasrid sultans. The huge complex contains the Alcazaba, Nasrid palaces, gardens and Generalife. Behind are the snow-capped peaks of the Sierra Nevada. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_GRANADA_MC179.jpg
  • The Alhambra Palace, Granada, Andalusia, Southern Spain, with the Comares Tower, built in the 14th century under Muhammad V, the tallest tower in the Alhambra and housing the Hall of the Ambassadors, Nasrid Palaces and the Palace of Charles V in the background, built by Pedro Machuca in the 16th century. The Alhambra was begun in the 11th century as a castle, and in the 13th and 14th centuries served as the royal palace of the Nasrid sultans. The huge complex contains the Alcazaba, Nasrid palaces, gardens and Generalife. Behind are the snow-capped peaks of the Sierra Nevada. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_GRANADA_MC180.jpg
  • The Alhambra Palace illuminated at night, Granada, Andalusia, Southern Spain, with the Comares Tower, built in the 14th century under Muhammad V, the tallest tower in the Alhambra and housing the Hall of the Ambassadors, Nasrid Palaces and the Palace of Charles V in the background, built by Pedro Machuca in the 16th century. The Alhambra was begun in the 11th century as a castle, and in the 13th and 14th centuries served as the royal palace of the Nasrid sultans. The huge complex contains the Alcazaba, Nasrid palaces, gardens and Generalife. Behind are the snow-capped peaks of the Sierra Nevada. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_GRANADA_MC181.jpg
  • The Alhambra Palace illuminated at night, Granada, Andalusia, Southern Spain, with the Comares Tower, built in the 14th century under Muhammad V, the tallest tower in the Alhambra and housing the Hall of the Ambassadors, Nasrid Palaces and the Palace of Charles V in the background, built by Pedro Machuca in the 16th century. The Alhambra was begun in the 11th century as a castle, and in the 13th and 14th centuries served as the royal palace of the Nasrid sultans. The huge complex contains the Alcazaba, Nasrid palaces, gardens and Generalife. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_GRANADA_MC183.jpg
  • Panoramic View of the North West City Walls, 11th-14th century, Avila, Spain, with Cathedral, 11th-15th century, in the distance. Avila has superbly preserved walls built as fortifications against the Moors, an ancient cathedral, Romanesque churches, and is a pilgrimage destination due to its association with Carmelite nun St Teresa (1515-82), canonized 1622. The Old Town has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Photograph by Manuel Cohen.
    LCSPAIN11_MC350.jpg
  • Detail of balcony, 1930s, Juliet's House, 14th century, Verona, Italy. Shakespeare's play 'Romeo and Juliet' is based around two feuding 14th century Veronese families. In the 1930s a balcony was added to this 14th century house which was opened to the public as 'Juliet's House'. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_ITALY_11079.jpg
  • Castillo de Medellin, or Medellin Castle, built in the 14th century by Pedro I the Cruel, replacing an original 10th century castle, and rebuilt by the Infante Sancho of Castile, on the Cerro del Castillo in Medellin, Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain. The castle has a double walled perimeter with turrets and reinforcing towers and a 12th century underground reservoir. It was extended in the 15th and 16th centuries. Below is the Roman theatre of Metellinum, now modern-day Medellin, built before the 1st century BC, and altered in the 1st and 2nd centuries AD, seating 1700 spectators. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    DRN_LC21_SPAIN_MC_0437.jpg
  • The Comares Tower, built in the 14th century under Muhammad V, the tallest tower in the Alhambra and housing the Hall of the Ambassadors, Nasrid Palaces and the Palace of Charles V in the background, built by Pedro Machuca in the 16th century, Alhambra Palace, Granada, Andalusia, Southern Spain. Behind are the mountains of the Sierra Nevada. The Alhambra was begun in the 11th century as a castle, and in the 13th and 14th centuries served as the royal palace of the Nasrid sultans. The huge complex contains the Alcazaba, Nasrid palaces, gardens and Generalife. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_GRANADA_MC113.jpg
  • The Sainte-Chapelle or Holy Chapel, founded 1379 and inaugurated only in 1552 under Henry II, after a long interruption of the building work starting at the beginning of 15th century, Chateau de Vincennes, Ile de France, France. The Sainte-Chapelle has a single nave, a choir formed by a straight bay and a 5-sided apse flanked by two oratories for the King and Queen. Outside, deep buttresses support large gabled windows and the building has a slender silhouette. It was built to house part of the relics of the Passion and was listed as a Historical Monument in 1853. Below is the 17th century Le Vau Gallery. The Chateau was originally built in 1150 as a hunting lodge for Louis VII, with a donjon added in the 14th century, walls in the 15th and further extended in the 17th century. It was an important royal palace until the 18th century. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Paris_MC330.jpg
  • The Sainte-Chapelle or Holy Chapel, founded 1379 and inaugurated only in 1552 under Henry II, after a long interruption of the building work starting at the beginning of 15th century, Chateau de Vincennes, Ile de France, France. The Sainte-Chapelle has a single nave, a choir formed by a straight bay and a 5-sided apse flanked by two oratories for the King and Queen. Outside, deep buttresses support large gabled windows and the building has a slender silhouette. It was built to house part of the relics of the Passion and was listed as a Historical Monument in 1853. Below is the 17th century Le Vau Gallery. The Chateau was originally built in 1150 as a hunting lodge for Louis VII, with a donjon added in the 14th century, walls in the 15th and further extended in the 17th century. It was an important royal palace until the 18th century. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Paris_MC329.jpg
  • Panoramic View of the North West City Walls, 11th-14th century, Avila, Spain, with Cathedral, 11th-15th century, in the distance. Avila has superbly preserved walls built as fortifications against the Moors, an ancient cathedral, Romanesque churches, and is a pilgrimage destination due to its association with Carmelite nun St Teresa (1515-82), canonized 1622. The Old Town has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Photograph by Manuel Cohen.
    LCSPAIN11_MC344.jpg
  • City Walls, 11th-14th century, Avila, Spain, with Cathedral, 11th-15th century, in the distance (looking West). Avila has superbly preserved walls built as fortifications against the Moors, an ancient cathedral, Romanesque churches, and is a pilgrimage destination due to its association with Carmelite nun St Teresa (1515-82), canonized 1622. The Old Town has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Photograph by Manuel Cohen.
    LCSPAIN11_MC342.jpg
  • Panoramic View of the North West City Walls, 11th-14th century, Avila, Spain, with Cathedral, 11th-15th century, in the distance. Avila has superbly preserved walls built as fortifications against the Moors, an ancient cathedral, Romanesque churches, and is a pilgrimage destination due to its association with Carmelite nun St Teresa (1515-82), canonized 1622. The Old Town has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Photograph by Manuel Cohen.
    LCSPAIN11_MC345.jpg
  • The Chateau de Chateauneuf, or Chateauneuf-en-Auxois, a 12th and 15th century castle, Chateauneuf, Cote d'Or, Burgundy, France. Originally built in 1132 by Jean de Chaudenay, the castle was modified from a medieval fortress to a residence from 1457 under Philippe le Bon, Duc de Bourgogne, or Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, who gave the castle to his advisor Philippe Pot. The castle sits on an outcrop overlooking the valley of the Canal de Bourgogne, and consists of the 12th century keep, 14th century curtain walls with 5 towers built during the Hundred Years War, and later 15th century chapel and courtyard in Gothic style. The chateau and village are listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0300.jpg
  • The Chateau de Chateauneuf, or Chateauneuf-en-Auxois, a 12th and 15th century castle, Chateauneuf, Cote d'Or, Burgundy, France. Originally built in 1132 by Jean de Chaudenay, the castle was modified from a medieval fortress to a residence from 1457 under Philippe le Bon, Duc de Bourgogne, or Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, who gave the castle to his advisor Philippe Pot. The castle sits on an outcrop overlooking the valley of the Canal de Bourgogne, and consists of the 12th century keep, 14th century curtain walls with 5 towers built during the Hundred Years War, and later 15th century chapel and courtyard in Gothic style. The chateau and village are listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0301.jpg
  • The Chateau de Chateauneuf, or Chateauneuf-en-Auxois, a 12th and 15th century castle, with the village of Chateauneuf to the left and church to the right, Cote d'Or, Burgundy, France. Originally built in 1132 by Jean de Chaudenay, the castle was modified from a medieval fortress to a residence from 1457 under Philippe le Bon, Duc de Bourgogne, or Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, who gave the castle to his advisor Philippe Pot. The castle sits on an outcrop overlooking the valley of the Canal de Bourgogne, and consists of the 12th century keep, 14th century curtain walls with 5 towers built during the Hundred Years War, and later 15th century chapel and courtyard in Gothic style. The chateau and village are listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0309.jpg
  • Internal courtyard of the Chateau de Chateauneuf, or Chateauneuf-en-Auxois, with 15th century buildings in Flamboyant Gothic style, with the Logis des Hotes (centre), restored and used as an interpretation centre for visitors, Chateauneuf, Cote d'Or, Burgundy, France. Originally built in 1132 by Jean de Chaudenay, the castle was modified from a medieval fortress to a residence from 1457 under Philippe le Bon, Duc de Bourgogne, or Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, who gave the castle to his advisor Philippe Pot. The castle sits on an outcrop overlooking the valley of the Canal de Bourgogne, and consists of the 12th century keep, 14th century curtain walls with 5 towers built during the Hundred Years War, and later 15th century chapel and courtyard in Gothic style. The chateau and village are listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0295.jpg
  • The Chateau de Chateauneuf, or Chateauneuf-en-Auxois, a 12th and 15th century castle, with the village of Chateauneuf to the left and church to the right, Cote d'Or, Burgundy, France. Originally built in 1132 by Jean de Chaudenay, the castle was modified from a medieval fortress to a residence from 1457 under Philippe le Bon, Duc de Bourgogne, or Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, who gave the castle to his advisor Philippe Pot. The castle sits on an outcrop overlooking the valley of the Canal de Bourgogne, and consists of the 12th century keep, 14th century curtain walls with 5 towers built during the Hundred Years War, and later 15th century chapel and courtyard in Gothic style. The chateau and village are listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0297.jpg
  • The Chateau de Chateauneuf, or Chateauneuf-en-Auxois, a 12th and 15th century castle, Cote d'Or, Burgundy, France. Originally built in 1132 by Jean de Chaudenay, the castle was modified from a medieval fortress to a residence from 1457 under Philippe le Bon, Duc de Bourgogne, or Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, who gave the castle to his advisor Philippe Pot. The castle sits on an outcrop overlooking the valley of the Canal de Bourgogne, and consists of the 12th century keep, 14th century curtain walls with 5 towers built during the Hundred Years War, and later 15th century chapel and courtyard in Gothic style. The chateau and village are listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0299.jpg
  • The Chateau de Chateauneuf, or Chateauneuf-en-Auxois, a 12th and 15th century castle, with the village of Chateauneuf to the left and church to the right, Cote d'Or, Burgundy, France. Originally built in 1132 by Jean de Chaudenay, the castle was modified from a medieval fortress to a residence from 1457 under Philippe le Bon, Duc de Bourgogne, or Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, who gave the castle to his advisor Philippe Pot. The castle sits on an outcrop overlooking the valley of the Canal de Bourgogne, and consists of the 12th century keep, 14th century curtain walls with 5 towers built during the Hundred Years War, and later 15th century chapel and courtyard in Gothic style. The chateau and village are listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0298.jpg
  • Tomb of William I Duke of Normandy, or Guillaume Longue Epee, died 942, in Rouen Cathedral or the Cathedrale de Notre Dame de Rouen, built 12th century in Gothic style, with work continuing through the 13th and 14th centuries, Rouen, Normandy, France. The tomb dates from the 14th century, the body previously being buried in a sanctuary in the nave. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0032.jpg
  • The Generalife, summer palace and country estate and gardens of the Nasrid kings, built in the 14th century under Muhammad III, 1302ñ1309 and redecorated by Abu I-Walid Isma'il, 1313-1324, seen through the Comares Towers, built in the 14th century under Muhammad V, of the Alhambra Palace, Granada, Andalusia, Southern Spain. The Alhambra was begun in the 11th century as a castle, and in the 13th and 14th centuries served as the royal palace of the Nasrid sultans. The huge complex contains the Alcazaba, Nasrid palaces, gardens and Generalife. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_GRANADA_MC121.jpg
  • Chateau de Beaufort en Vallee, aerial view, originally built in the 11th century then rebuilt in the 13th and 14th century and used by King Rene duc d'Anjou and Jeanne de Laval in the 15th century, in Beaufort-en-Anjou, Maine-et-Loire, France. The castle was built to protect the village and the Authion valley. It is now in ruins and is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    DRN_LC21_FRANCE_MC_0777.jpg
  • Stone capital known as the Palmito, carved with a 7-branched palm frond, a Jewish symbol representing the menorah, 13th-14th century, in the Sinagoga del Agua, or Water Synagogue, Ubeda, Jaen, Andalusia, Spain. This recently discovered building is thought to be an 11th - 14th century synagogue, with yard, cellar, balcony, living room and mikveh, or Jewish ritual purification bath, fed by 7 connecting wells. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_SPAIN_MC202.jpg
  • The Chateau de Chateauneuf, or Chateauneuf-en-Auxois, a 12th and 15th century castle, with the church and village (right), Chateauneuf, Cote d'Or, Burgundy, France. Originally built in 1132 by Jean de Chaudenay, the castle was modified from a medieval fortress to a residence from 1457 under Philippe le Bon, Duc de Bourgogne, or Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, who gave the castle to his advisor Philippe Pot. The castle sits on an outcrop overlooking the valley of the Canal de Bourgogne, and consists of the 12th century keep, 14th century curtain walls with 5 towers built during the Hundred Years War, and later 15th century chapel and courtyard in Gothic style. The chateau and village are listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0307.jpg
  • The Chateau de Chateauneuf, or Chateauneuf-en-Auxois, a 12th and 15th century castle, Chateauneuf, Cote d'Or, Burgundy, France. Originally built in 1132 by Jean de Chaudenay, the castle was modified from a medieval fortress to a residence from 1457 under Philippe le Bon, Duc de Bourgogne, or Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, who gave the castle to his advisor Philippe Pot. The castle sits on an outcrop overlooking the valley of the Canal de Bourgogne, and consists of the 12th century keep, 14th century curtain walls with 5 towers built during the Hundred Years War, and later 15th century chapel and courtyard in Gothic style. The chateau and village are listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0308.jpg
  • The Chateau de Chateauneuf, or Chateauneuf-en-Auxois, a 12th and 15th century castle, with the village of Chateauneuf to the left and church to the right, Cote d'Or, Burgundy, France. Originally built in 1132 by Jean de Chaudenay, the castle was modified from a medieval fortress to a residence from 1457 under Philippe le Bon, Duc de Bourgogne, or Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, who gave the castle to his advisor Philippe Pot. The castle sits on an outcrop overlooking the valley of the Canal de Bourgogne, and consists of the 12th century keep, 14th century curtain walls with 5 towers built during the Hundred Years War, and later 15th century chapel and courtyard in Gothic style. The chateau and village are listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0310.jpg
  • The Chateau de Chateauneuf, or Chateauneuf-en-Auxois, a 12th and 15th century castle, Chateauneuf, Cote d'Or, Burgundy, France. Originally built in 1132 by Jean de Chaudenay, the castle was modified from a medieval fortress to a residence from 1457 under Philippe le Bon, Duc de Bourgogne, or Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, who gave the castle to his advisor Philippe Pot. The castle sits on an outcrop overlooking the valley of the Canal de Bourgogne, and consists of the 12th century keep, 14th century curtain walls with 5 towers built during the Hundred Years War, and later 15th century chapel and courtyard in Gothic style. The chateau and village are listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0311.jpg
  • The Chateau de Chateauneuf, or Chateauneuf-en-Auxois, a 12th and 15th century castle, with the village of Chateauneuf to the left and church to the right, Cote d'Or, Burgundy, France. Originally built in 1132 by Jean de Chaudenay, the castle was modified from a medieval fortress to a residence from 1457 under Philippe le Bon, Duc de Bourgogne, or Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, who gave the castle to his advisor Philippe Pot. The castle sits on an outcrop overlooking the valley of the Canal de Bourgogne, and consists of the 12th century keep, 14th century curtain walls with 5 towers built during the Hundred Years War, and later 15th century chapel and courtyard in Gothic style. The chateau and village are listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC16_FRANCE_MC_0296.jpg
  • Tomb of William I Duke of Normandy, or Guillaume Longue Epee, died 942, in Rouen Cathedral or the Cathedrale de Notre Dame de Rouen, built 12th century in Gothic style, with work continuing through the 13th and 14th centuries, Rouen, Normandy, France. The tomb dates from the 14th century, the body previously being buried in a sanctuary in the nave. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0031.jpg
  • Tomb of William I Duke of Normandy, or Guillaume Longue Epee, died 942, in Rouen Cathedral or the Cathedrale de Notre Dame de Rouen, built 12th century in Gothic style, with work continuing through the 13th and 14th centuries, Rouen, Normandy, France. The tomb dates from the 14th century, the body previously being buried in a sanctuary in the nave. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC15_FRANCE_MC0030.jpg
  • Nave and apse of Sainte-Chapelle or Holy Chapel, founded 1379 and inaugurated only in 1552 under Henry II, after a long interruption of the building work starting at the beginning of 15th century, Chateau de Vincennes, Ile de France, France. The Sainte-Chapelle has a single nave, a choir formed by a straight bay and a 5-sided apse flanked by two oratories for the King and Queen. It was built to house part of the relics of the Passion and was listed as a Historical Monument in 1853. The stained glass windows of the choir date from 1555-1556 by the master glassmaker Nicolas Beaurain. The windows of the nave are of clear glass with coloured borders, made after the Second World War and partly destroyed during the storm of December 1999. The Chateau was originally built in 1150 as a hunting lodge for Louis VII, with a donjon added in the 14th century, walls in the 15th and further extended in the 17th century. It was an important royal palace until the 18th century. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC13_Paris_MC320.jpg
  • Detail of twin window in the Keep, Chateau Royal, Collioure, France. These are the windows of the living quarters of the Lords and their courtiers. Much of the castle was built in the 13th and 14th centuries by the Dukes of Roussillon and the Knights Templar. In the 16th century Collioure was under Spanish control and Philip II modernised and reinforced the castle. It was taken by the French in 1659 after which the bastions were built by Vauban (1633-1707). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_Collioure_11_MC021.jpg
  • Chateau Royal with boats moored in the foreground, Collioure, France. Much of the castle was built in the 13th and 14th centuries by the Dukes of Roussillon and the Knights Templar. In the 16th century Collioure was under Spanish control and Philip II modernised and reinforced the castle. It was taken by the French in 1659 after which the bastions were built by Vauban (1633-1707). Picasso, Matisse, Derain, Dufy, Chagall, Marquet, and many others immortalized the small Catalan harbour in their works. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_Collioure_11_MC004.jpg
  • Detail of domes and mosaic decoration, Shah-i-Zinda Complex, 14th-15th century, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, pictured on July 16, 2010, in the afternoon. The Shah-i-Zinda Complex is a necropolis of mausoleums whose legendary origin dates back to 676 when Kussam-ibn-Abbas arrived to convert the locals to Islam. So successful was he that he was assassinated whilst at prayer. His grave remains the centre of the sacred site which grew over many centuries, especially the 14th and 15th, into an architecturally stunning  example of ceramic art. Samarkand, a city on the Silk Road, founded as Afrosiab in the 7th century BC, is a meeting point for the world's cultures. Its most important development was in the Timurid period, 14th to 15th centuries. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC090.jpg
  • Chateau de Beaufort en Vallee, originally built in the 11th century then rebuilt in the 13th and 14th century and used by King Rene duc d'Anjou and Jeanne de Laval in the 15th century, in Beaufort-en-Anjou, Maine-et-Loire, France. The castle was built to protect the village and the Authion valley. It is now in ruins and is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC21_FRANCE_MC_0733.jpg
  • Chateau de Beaufort en Vallee, aerial view, originally built in the 11th century then rebuilt in the 13th and 14th century and used by King Rene duc d'Anjou and Jeanne de Laval in the 15th century, in Beaufort-en-Anjou, Maine-et-Loire, France. The castle was built to protect the village and the Authion valley. It is now in ruins and is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    DRN_LC21_FRANCE_MC_0778.jpg
  • Chateau de Beaufort en Vallee, aerial view, originally built in the 11th century then rebuilt in the 13th and 14th century and used by King Rene duc d'Anjou and Jeanne de Laval in the 15th century, in Beaufort-en-Anjou, Maine-et-Loire, France. The castle was built to protect the village and the Authion valley. It is now in ruins and is listed as a historic monument. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    DRN_LC21_FRANCE_MC_0776.jpg
  • Stone capital known as the Palmito, carved with a 7-branched palm frond, a Jewish symbol representing the menorah, 13th-14th century, in the Sinagoga del Agua, or Water Synagogue, Ubeda, Jaen, Andalusia, Spain. This recently discovered building is thought to be an 11th - 14th century synagogue, with yard, cellar, balcony, living room and mikveh, or Jewish ritual purification bath, fed by 7 connecting wells. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC17_SPAIN_MC203.jpg
  • Remains of the lateral chimneys in the main room of the huge kitchen area to the North of the upper courtyard, 14th - 15th centuries, at the medieval castle of Chateau-Thierry, Picardy, France. The first fortifications on this spur over the river Marne date from the 4th century and the first castle was built in the 9th century Merovingian period by the counts of Vermandois. Thibaud II enlarged the castle in the 12th century and built the Tour Thibaud, and Thibaud IV expanded it significantly in the 13th century to include 17 defensive towers in the walls and an East and South gate. The castle was largely destroyed in the French Revolution after having been a royal palace since 1285. In 1814 it was used as a citadel for Napoleonic troops. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC174.jpg
  • Western wall with lateral chimneys in the huge kitchen area to the North of the upper courtyard, with an open square where the cooking took place and a storeroom complex with a fishpond, 14th - 15th centuries, at the medieval castle of Chateau-Thierry, Picardy, France. The first fortifications on this spur over the river Marne date from the 4th century and the first castle was built in the 9th century Merovingian period by the counts of Vermandois. Thibaud II enlarged the castle in the 12th century and built the Tour Thibaud, and Thibaud IV expanded it significantly in the 13th century to include 17 defensive towers in the walls and an East and South gate. The castle was largely destroyed in the French Revolution after having been a royal palace since 1285. In 1814 it was used as a citadel for Napoleonic troops. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC173.jpg
  • Storeroom complex with a fishpond in the huge kitchen area to the North of the upper courtyard, 14th - 15th centuries, at the medieval castle of Chateau-Thierry, Picardy, France. The first fortifications on this spur over the river Marne date from the 4th century and the first castle was built in the 9th century Merovingian period by the counts of Vermandois. Thibaud II enlarged the castle in the 12th century and built the Tour Thibaud, and Thibaud IV expanded it significantly in the 13th century to include 17 defensive towers in the walls and an East and South gate. The castle was largely destroyed in the French Revolution after having been a royal palace since 1285. In 1814 it was used as a citadel for Napoleonic troops. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC175.jpg
  • Huge kitchen area to the North of the upper courtyard, with an open square where the cooking took place (left) and a storeroom complex with a fishpond (right), 14th - 15th centuries, and a man contemplating the ruins, at the medieval castle of Chateau-Thierry, Picardy, France. The first fortifications on this spur over the river Marne date from the 4th century and the first castle was built in the 9th century Merovingian period by the counts of Vermandois. Thibaud II enlarged the castle in the 12th century and built the Tour Thibaud, and Thibaud IV expanded it significantly in the 13th century to include 17 defensive towers in the walls and an East and South gate. The castle was largely destroyed in the French Revolution after having been a royal palace since 1285. In 1814 it was used as a citadel for Napoleonic troops. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC176.jpg
  • Huge kitchen area to the North of the upper courtyard, with an open square where the cooking took place and behind a storeroom complex with a fishpond, 14th - 15th centuries, at the medieval castle of Chateau-Thierry, Picardy, France. The first fortifications on this spur over the river Marne date from the 4th century and the first castle was built in the 9th century Merovingian period by the counts of Vermandois. Thibaud II enlarged the castle in the 12th century and built the Tour Thibaud, and Thibaud IV expanded it significantly in the 13th century to include 17 defensive towers in the walls and an East and South gate. The castle was largely destroyed in the French Revolution after having been a royal palace since 1285. In 1814 it was used as a citadel for Napoleonic troops. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC178.jpg
  • Storeroom complex with a fishpond in the huge kitchen area to the North of the upper courtyard, 14th - 15th centuries, at the medieval castle of Chateau-Thierry, Picardy, France. The first fortifications on this spur over the river Marne date from the 4th century and the first castle was built in the 9th century Merovingian period by the counts of Vermandois. Thibaud II enlarged the castle in the 12th century and built the Tour Thibaud, and Thibaud IV expanded it significantly in the 13th century to include 17 defensive towers in the walls and an East and South gate. The castle was largely destroyed in the French Revolution after having been a royal palace since 1285. In 1814 it was used as a citadel for Napoleonic troops. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC194.jpg
  • Remains of the lateral chimneys in the main room of the huge kitchen area to the North of the upper courtyard, 14th - 15th centuries, at the medieval castle of Chateau-Thierry, Picardy, France. The first fortifications on this spur over the river Marne date from the 4th century and the first castle was built in the 9th century Merovingian period by the counts of Vermandois. Thibaud II enlarged the castle in the 12th century and built the Tour Thibaud, and Thibaud IV expanded it significantly in the 13th century to include 17 defensive towers in the walls and an East and South gate. The castle was largely destroyed in the French Revolution after having been a royal palace since 1285. In 1814 it was used as a citadel for Napoleonic troops. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC195.jpg
  • Storeroom complex with a fishpond in the huge kitchen area to the North of the upper courtyard, 14th - 15th centuries, at the medieval castle of Chateau-Thierry, Picardy, France. The first fortifications on this spur over the river Marne date from the 4th century and the first castle was built in the 9th century Merovingian period by the counts of Vermandois. Thibaud II enlarged the castle in the 12th century and built the Tour Thibaud, and Thibaud IV expanded it significantly in the 13th century to include 17 defensive towers in the walls and an East and South gate. The castle was largely destroyed in the French Revolution after having been a royal palace since 1285. In 1814 it was used as a citadel for Napoleonic troops. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC240.jpg
  • Huge kitchen area to the North of the upper courtyard, with an open square where the cooking took place and behind a storeroom complex with a fishpond, 14th - 15th centuries, at the medieval castle of Chateau-Thierry, Picardy, France. The first fortifications on this spur over the river Marne date from the 4th century and the first castle was built in the 9th century Merovingian period by the counts of Vermandois. Thibaud II enlarged the castle in the 12th century and built the Tour Thibaud, and Thibaud IV expanded it significantly in the 13th century to include 17 defensive towers in the walls and an East and South gate. The castle was largely destroyed in the French Revolution after having been a royal palace since 1285. In 1814 it was used as a citadel for Napoleonic troops. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC241.jpg
  • Huge kitchen area to the North of the upper courtyard, with an open square where the cooking took place (behind) and a storeroom complex with a fishpond (foreground), 14th - 15th centuries, at the medieval castle of Chateau-Thierry, Picardy, France. The first fortifications on this spur over the river Marne date from the 4th century and the first castle was built in the 9th century Merovingian period by the counts of Vermandois. Thibaud II enlarged the castle in the 12th century and built the Tour Thibaud, and Thibaud IV expanded it significantly in the 13th century to include 17 defensive towers in the walls and an East and South gate. The castle was largely destroyed in the French Revolution after having been a royal palace since 1285. In 1814 it was used as a citadel for Napoleonic troops. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC335.JPG
  • Chateau Royal (left), old village of Collioure (centre), on the top of the hill Fort Miradou by Vauban, and Eglise Notre Dame des Anges (right), Collioure, France, seen from Boutigue beach. Much of the castle was built in the 13th and 14th centuries by the Dukes of Roussillon and the Knights Templar. In the 16th century Collioure was under Spanish control and Philip II modernised and reinforced the castle. It was taken by the French in 1659 after which the bastions were built by Vauban (1633-1707). Picasso, Matisse, Derain, Dufy, Chagall, Marquet, and many others immortalized the small Catalan harbour in their works. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_Collioure_11_MC081.jpg
  • Chateau Royal and, in the distance, Eglise Notre Dame des Anges, Collioure, France. Much of the castle was built in the 13th and 14th centuries by the Dukes of Roussillon and the Knights Templar. In the 16th century Collioure was under Spanish control and Philip II modernised and reinforced the castle. It was taken by the French in 1659 after which the bastions were built by Vauban (1633-1707). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_Collioure_11_MC080.jpg
  • Detail of watchtower and walls, Chateau Royal, Collioure, France. Much of the castle was built in the 13th and 14th centuries by the Dukes of Roussillon and the Knights Templar. In the 16th century Collioure was under Spanish control and Philip II modernised and reinforced the castle. It was taken by the French in 1659 after which the bastions were built by Vauban (1633-1707). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_Collioure_11_MC038.jpg
  • Chateau Royal, Collioure, France, with the Eglise Notre Dame des Anges (right) in the distance. Much of the castle was built in the 13th and 14th centuries by the Dukes of Roussillon and the Knights Templar. In the 16th century Collioure was under Spanish control and Philip II modernised and reinforced the castle. It was taken by the French in 1659 after which the bastions were built by Vauban (1633-1707). Picasso, Matisse, Derain, Dufy, Chagall, Marquet, and many others immortalized the small Catalan harbour in their works. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_Collioure_11_MC037.jpg
  • View from the Port D'Avall beach of the Chateau Royal, Collioure, France, with the Eglise Notre Dame des Anges (right) in the distance. Much of the castle was built in the 13th and 14th centuries by the Dukes of Roussillon and the Knights Templar. In the 16th century Collioure was under Spanish control and Philip II modernised and reinforced the castle. It was taken by the French in 1659 after which the bastions were built by Vauban (1633-1707). Picasso, Matisse, Derain, Dufy, Chagall, Marquet, and many others immortalized the small Catalan harbour in their works. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_Collioure_11_MC036.jpg
  • View from the Port D'Avall beach of the Chateau Royal, Collioure, France, with the Eglise Notre Dame des Anges (right) in the distance. Much of the castle was built in the 13th and 14th centuries by the Dukes of Roussillon and the Knights Templar. In the 16th century Collioure was under Spanish control and Philip II modernised and reinforced the castle. It was taken by the French in 1659 after which the bastions were built by Vauban (1633-1707). Picasso, Matisse, Derain, Dufy, Chagall, Marquet, and many others immortalized the small Catalan harbour in their works. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_Collioure_11_MC035.jpg
  • View from the Port D'Avall beach of the Chateau Royal, Collioure, France, with the Eglise Notre Dame des Anges (right) in the distance. Much of the castle was built in the 13th and 14th centuries by the Dukes of Roussillon and the Knights Templar. In the 16th century Collioure was under Spanish control and Philip II modernised and reinforced the castle. It was taken by the French in 1659 after which the bastions were built by Vauban (1633-1707). Picasso, Matisse, Derain, Dufy, Chagall, Marquet, and many others immortalized the small Catalan harbour in their works. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_Collioure_11_MC034.jpg
  • Chateau Royal, Collioure, France. Much of the castle was built in the 13th and 14th centuries by the Dukes of Roussillon and the Knights Templar. In the 16th century Collioure was under Spanish control and Philip II modernised and reinforced the castle. It was taken by the French in 1659 after which the bastions were built by Vauban (1633-1707). Picasso, Matisse, Derain, Dufy, Chagall, Marquet, and many others immortalized the small Catalan harbour in their works. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_Collioure_11_MC032.jpg
  • View from the Port D'Avall beach of the Chateau Royal, Collioure, France, with the Eglise Notre Dame des Anges (right) in the distance. Much of the castle was built in the 13th and 14th centuries by the Dukes of Roussillon and the Knights Templar. In the 16th century Collioure was under Spanish control and Philip II modernised and reinforced the castle. It was taken by the French in 1659 after which the bastions were built by Vauban (1633-1707). Picasso, Matisse, Derain, Dufy, Chagall, Marquet, and many others immortalized the small Catalan harbour in their works. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_Collioure_11_MC031.jpg
  • View from the Port D'Avall beach of the Chateau Royal, Collioure, France, with the Eglise Notre Dame des Anges (right) in the distance. Much of the castle was built in the 13th and 14th centuries by the Dukes of Roussillon and the Knights Templar. In the 16th century Collioure was under Spanish control and Philip II modernised and reinforced the castle. It was taken by the French in 1659 after which the bastions were built by Vauban (1633-1707). Picasso, Matisse, Derain, Dufy, Chagall, Marquet, and many others immortalized the small Catalan harbour in their works. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_Collioure_11_MC030.jpg
  • Apartments off the central courtyard, Chateau Royal, Collioure, France. Much of the castle was built in the 13th and 14th centuries by the Dukes of Roussillon and the Knights Templar. In the 16th century Collioure was under Spanish control and Philip II modernised and reinforced the castle. It was taken by the French in 1659 after which the bastions were built by Vauban (1633-1707). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_Collioure_11_MC023.jpg
  • Apartments off the central courtyard, Chateau Royal, Collioure, France. Much of the castle was built in the 13th and 14th centuries by the Dukes of Roussillon and the Knights Templar. In the 16th century Collioure was under Spanish control and Philip II modernised and reinforced the castle. It was taken by the French in 1659 after which the bastions were built by Vauban (1633-1707). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_Collioure_11_MC022.jpg
  • Chateau Royal, Collioure, France. Much of the castle was built in the 13th and 14th centuries by the Dukes of Roussillon and the Knights Templar. In the 16th century Collioure was under Spanish control and Philip II modernised and reinforced the castle. It was taken by the French in 1659 after which the bastions were built by Vauban (1633-1707). Picasso, Matisse, Derain, Dufy, Chagall, Marquet, and many others immortalized the small Catalan harbour in their works. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_Collioure_11_MC007.jpg
  • General view of Pahlavan Mahmud Mausoleum, 14th-16th century, Khiva, Uzbekistan, pictured at sunset on July 5, 2010. Visible are its blue tile-covered dome which commands Khiva's skyline and on the right the Islam Hodja minaret, 1910, and the Juma Mosque Minaret on the left. Commissioned by the reforming Grand Visier, Islam Khodja, the minaret is 44.8 metres high, tapering towards the top, its ochre brick alternating with bands of decorative blue and white tiles. It is the final architectural achievement of the Khanates. Khiva, ancient and remote, is the most intact Silk Road city. Ichan Kala, its old town, was the first site in Uzbekistan to become a World Heritage Site(1991). Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_UZBEKISTAN_0710_MC245.jpg
  • Huge kitchen area to the North of the upper courtyard, with an open square where the cooking took place (left) and a storeroom complex with a fishpond (right), 14th - 15th centuries, at the medieval castle of Chateau-Thierry, Picardy, France. The first fortifications on this spur over the river Marne date from the 4th century and the first castle was built in the 9th century Merovingian period by the counts of Vermandois. Thibaud II enlarged the castle in the 12th century and built the Tour Thibaud, and Thibaud IV expanded it significantly in the 13th century to include 17 defensive towers in the walls and an East and South gate. The castle was largely destroyed in the French Revolution after having been a royal palace since 1285. In 1814 it was used as a citadel for Napoleonic troops. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC172.jpg
  • Huge kitchen area to the North of the upper courtyard, with an open square where the cooking took place and behind a storeroom complex with a fishpond, 14th - 15th centuries, at the medieval castle of Chateau-Thierry, Picardy, France. The first fortifications on this spur over the river Marne date from the 4th century and the first castle was built in the 9th century Merovingian period by the counts of Vermandois. Thibaud II enlarged the castle in the 12th century and built the Tour Thibaud, and Thibaud IV expanded it significantly in the 13th century to include 17 defensive towers in the walls and an East and South gate. The castle was largely destroyed in the French Revolution after having been a royal palace since 1285. In 1814 it was used as a citadel for Napoleonic troops. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC177.jpg
  • Chateau Royal and the harbour, Collioure, France, seen at night with the street lights reflecting in the sea. Much of the castle was built in the 13th and 14th centuries by the Dukes of Roussillon and the Knights Templar. In the 16th century Collioure was under Spanish control and Philip II modernised and reinforced the castle. It was taken by the French in 1659 after which the bastions were built by Vauban (1633-1707). Picasso, Matisse, Derain, Dufy, Chagall, Marquet, and many others immortalized the small Catalan harbour in their works. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_Collioure_11_MC076.jpg
  • Chateau Royal, Collioure, France, seen at night with the street lights reflecting in the sea. Much of the castle was built in the 13th and 14th centuries by the Dukes of Roussillon and the Knights Templar. In the 16th century Collioure was under Spanish control and Philip II modernised and reinforced the castle. It was taken by the French in 1659 after which the bastions were built by Vauban (1633-1707). Picasso, Matisse, Derain, Dufy, Chagall, Marquet, and many others immortalized the small Catalan harbour in their works. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_Collioure_11_MC075.jpg
  • View from the Port D'Avall beach of the Chateau Royal, Collioure, France, with the Eglise Notre Dame des Anges (right) in the distance. Much of the castle was built in the 13th and 14th centuries by the Dukes of Roussillon and the Knights Templar. In the 16th century Collioure was under Spanish control and Philip II modernised and reinforced the castle. It was taken by the French in 1659 after which the bastions were built by Vauban (1633-1707). Picasso, Matisse, Derain, Dufy, Chagall, Marquet, and many others immortalized the small Catalan harbour in their works. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_Collioure_11_MC033.jpg
  • Chateau Royal with boats moored in the foreground, Collioure, France. Much of the castle was built in the 13th and 14th centuries by the Dukes of Roussillon and the Knights Templar. In the 16th century Collioure was under Spanish control and Philip II modernised and reinforced the castle. It was taken by the French in 1659 after which the bastions were built by Vauban (1633-1707). Picasso, Matisse, Derain, Dufy, Chagall, Marquet, and many others immortalized the small Catalan harbour in their works. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_Collioure_11_MC006.jpg
  • Detail of the tomb of Cangrande I in the della Scala cemetery, 14th century, Church of Santa Maria Antica, 1185, Verona, Italy. This Romanesque church, which stands on the site of a 7th century church destroyed in the 1117 earthquake, was the private church of the Della Scala family who ruled Verona during the 14th century. The tomb of Cangrande I with its imposing canopy crowned by an equestrian statue is a masterpiece of Gothic art. Picture by Manuel Cohen.
    LC_ITALY_11085.jpg
  • The Alcazaba, the defensive fortress of the Alhambra Palace, Granada, Andalusia, Southern Spain, built under Mohammed I in the 13th century, seen from the San Cristobal viewpoint. In the foreground is the Muralla de la Alcazaba, an 8th century wall protecting El Albayzin, the medieval Moorish old town of Granada. The Alhambra was begun in the 11th century as a castle, and in the 13th and 14th centuries served as the royal palace of the Nasrid sultans. The huge complex contains the Alcazaba, Nasrid palaces, gardens and Generalife. In the distance are the snow-capped peaks of the Sierra Nevada. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_GRANADA_MC170.jpg
  • A terracotta pitcher with a handle, 14th century, from the excavations of 2009-10 led by Sebastien Ziegler, from the Latrines F288, rue de la Madeleine, at the medieval castle of Chateau-Thierry, Picardy, France. The first fortifications on this spur over the river Marne date from the 4th century and the first castle was built in the 9th century Merovingian period by the counts of Vermandois. Thibaud II enlarged the castle in the 12th century and built the Tour Thibaud, and Thibaud IV expanded it significantly in the 13th century to include 17 defensive towers in the walls and an East and South gate. The castle was largely destroyed in the French Revolution after having been a royal palace since 1285. In 1814 it was used as a citadel for Napoleonic troops. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC155.jpg
  • A terracotta pitcher with a handle, 14th century, from the excavations of 2009-10 led by Sebastien Ziegler, from the Latrines F288, rue de la Madeleine, at the medieval castle of Chateau-Thierry, Picardy, France. The first fortifications on this spur over the river Marne date from the 4th century and the first castle was built in the 9th century Merovingian period by the counts of Vermandois. Thibaud II enlarged the castle in the 12th century and built the Tour Thibaud, and Thibaud IV expanded it significantly in the 13th century to include 17 defensive towers in the walls and an East and South gate. The castle was largely destroyed in the French Revolution after having been a royal palace since 1285. In 1814 it was used as a citadel for Napoleonic troops. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC157.jpg
  • A terracotta cooking pot with a handle, 14th century, from the excavations of 2009-10 led by Sebastien Ziegler, from the Latrines F288, rue de la Madeleine, at the medieval castle of Chateau-Thierry, Picardy, France. The first fortifications on this spur over the river Marne date from the 4th century and the first castle was built in the 9th century Merovingian period by the counts of Vermandois. Thibaud II enlarged the castle in the 12th century and built the Tour Thibaud, and Thibaud IV expanded it significantly in the 13th century to include 17 defensive towers in the walls and an East and South gate. The castle was largely destroyed in the French Revolution after having been a royal palace since 1285. In 1814 it was used as a citadel for Napoleonic troops. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC158.jpg
  • Toothpick set made from copper alloy, 14th century, from the 1995 excavations led by Francois Blary, from the North section of the upper courtyard in the kitchen area at the medieval castle of Chateau-Thierry, Picardy, France. The first fortifications on this spur over the river Marne date from the 4th century and the first castle was built in the 9th century Merovingian period by the counts of Vermandois. Thibaud II enlarged the castle in the 12th century and built the Tour Thibaud, and Thibaud IV expanded it significantly in the 13th century to include 17 defensive towers in the walls and an East and South gate. The castle was largely destroyed in the French Revolution after having been a royal palace since 1285. In 1814 it was used as a citadel for Napoleonic troops. Picture by Manuel Cohen
    LC14_France_MC290.jpg
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